{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091059699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3076928","title":"Back to the Basics: Seamless Integration of Side-Channel Pre-Processing in Deep Neural Networks","display_name":"Back to the Basics: Seamless Integration of Side-Channel Pre-Processing in Deep Neural Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091059699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3076928","mag":"3091059699"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2021.3076928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3076928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038700576","display_name":"Yoo-Seung Won","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-7530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoo-Seung Won","raw_affiliation_strings":["Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Temasek Laboratories, \u00a0Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-7530","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temasek Laboratories, \u00a0Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069420868","display_name":"Xiaolu Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4512-6921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110757952","display_name":"Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava","ror":"https://ror.org/0561ghm58","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110757952"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolu Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4512-6921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110757952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060395435","display_name":"Dirmanto Jap","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-9401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirmanto Jap","raw_affiliation_strings":["Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Temasek Laboratories, \u00a0Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-9401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temasek Laboratories, \u00a0Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052953682","display_name":"Jakub Breier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7844-5267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123126","display_name":"Silicon Austria Labs (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/03b1qgn79","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123126"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakub Breier","raw_affiliation_strings":["SAL DES Laboratory, Graz University of Technology (TU-Graz), Graz, Austria","Silicon Austria Labs, Graz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7844-5267","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SAL DES Laboratory, Graz University of Technology (TU-Graz), Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silicon Austria Labs, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123126"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081720773","display_name":"Shivam Bhasin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-5127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shivam Bhasin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Temasek Laboratories, \u00a0Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-5127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temasek Laboratories, \u00a0Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1808,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42814887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"3215","last_page":"3227"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9413999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8602088689804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.644727885723114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.6133955717086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6043350696563721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5972330570220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5534256100654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48767006397247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.4343961477279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41176098585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3760174512863159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8602088689804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.644727885723114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6133955717086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6043350696563721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5972330570220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5534256100654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48767006397247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.4343961477279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41176098585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3760174512863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2021.3076928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2021.3076928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:3091059699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/1134.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764847869","display_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614454"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cryptology ePrint Archive"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124803980","https://openalex.org/W1512062395","https://openalex.org/W1543721789","https://openalex.org/W1584950990","https://openalex.org/W1599906532","https://openalex.org/W1774054610","https://openalex.org/W2008071701","https://openalex.org/W2047239861","https://openalex.org/W2126904896","https://openalex.org/W2128160875","https://openalex.org/W2149839062","https://openalex.org/W2397058297","https://openalex.org/W2556867355","https://openalex.org/W2742774386","https://openalex.org/W2746796098","https://openalex.org/W2754051771","https://openalex.org/W2786568644","https://openalex.org/W2954035222","https://openalex.org/W2990296674","https://openalex.org/W2990306706","https://openalex.org/W2996022685","https://openalex.org/W3046730596","https://openalex.org/W3154592730","https://openalex.org/W4236047370","https://openalex.org/W4239750483","https://openalex.org/W4245524709","https://openalex.org/W6628161219","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6637765701","https://openalex.org/W6698169118","https://openalex.org/W6729956949","https://openalex.org/W6752651163","https://openalex.org/W6752790553","https://openalex.org/W6759495720","https://openalex.org/W6761476537","https://openalex.org/W6765968857","https://openalex.org/W6770725531","https://openalex.org/W6773335116","https://openalex.org/W6779683604","https://openalex.org/W6780283580"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3164261842","https://openalex.org/W2952948084","https://openalex.org/W3172934871","https://openalex.org/W2508259276","https://openalex.org/W2964336507","https://openalex.org/W2955530511","https://openalex.org/W3103647496","https://openalex.org/W2968898024","https://openalex.org/W3016143363","https://openalex.org/W3155803391","https://openalex.org/W2915053843","https://openalex.org/W3126315515","https://openalex.org/W2999985142","https://openalex.org/W2978741124","https://openalex.org/W3116787185","https://openalex.org/W2987652334","https://openalex.org/W3188155461","https://openalex.org/W3042236871","https://openalex.org/W2493224314","https://openalex.org/W3188781408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning":[1,89],"approaches":[2],"have":[3,37],"become":[4],"popular":[5],"for":[6,47,59,130,173],"Side-Channel":[7],"Analysis":[8],"(SCA)":[9],"in":[10,75,148,217],"the":[11,34,42,57,76,111,153,162],"recent":[12,35],"years.":[13],"Especially":[14],"Convolutional":[15,121],"Neural":[16,122],"Networks":[17,123],"(CNN)":[18],"due":[19],"to":[20,24,83,145,151,197,209,222],"their":[21],"natural":[22],"ability":[23],"overcome":[25],"jitter-based":[26],"as":[27,29,179],"well":[28,229],"masking":[30],"countermeasures.":[31],"Most":[32],"of":[33,104,137,161,166,175],"works":[36],"been":[38],"focusing":[39],"on":[40,44,119,192],"optimising":[41],"performance":[43],"given":[45],"dataset,":[46],"example":[48],"finding":[49],"optimal":[50],"architecture":[51],"and":[52,55,70,156,227],"using":[53],"ensemble,":[54],"bypass":[56],"need":[58],"trace":[60,63],"pre-processing.":[61],"However,":[62],"pre-processing":[64,108,176],"is":[65,79,117,207],"a":[66,97,158,211,218],"long":[67],"studied":[68],"topic":[69],"several":[71],"proven":[72],"techniques":[73,86,109],"exist":[74],"literature.":[77],"There":[78],"no":[80],"straightforward":[81],"manner":[82],"integrate":[84],"those":[85],"into":[87,110],"deep":[88],"based":[90,118],"SCA.":[91],"In":[92,164],"this":[93],"paper,":[94],"we":[95],"propose":[96],"generic":[98,193],"framework":[99,116],"which":[100,195],"allows":[101],"seamless":[102],"integration":[103,174],"multiple,":[105],"user":[106],"defined":[107],"neural":[112],"network":[113,194,212],"architecture.":[114],"The":[115],"Multi-scale":[120],"(":[124],"MCNN)":[125],"that":[126,140,205,213],"were":[127],"originally":[128],"proposed":[129],"time":[131],"series":[132],"analysis.":[133],"MCNN":[134],"are":[135],"composed":[136],"multiple":[138],"branches":[139],"can":[141,170,214],"apply":[142],"independent":[143],"transformation":[144],"input":[146],"data":[147],"each":[149],"branch":[150],"extract":[152],"relevant":[154],"features":[155],"allowing":[157],"better":[159],"generalization":[160],"model.":[163],"terms":[165],"SCA,":[167],"these":[168],"transformations":[169],"be":[171,215],"used":[172,216],"techniques,":[177],"such":[178],"phase-only":[180],"correlation,":[181],"principal":[182],"component":[183],"analysis,":[184],"alignment":[185],"methods,":[186],"etc.":[187],"We":[188],"present":[189],"successful":[190],"results":[191],"generalizes":[196],"different":[198],"publicly":[199],"available":[200],"datasets.":[201,231],"Our":[202],"findings":[203],"show":[204],"it":[206],"possible":[208],"design":[210],"more":[219],"general":[220],"way":[221],"analyze":[223],"side-channel":[224],"leakage":[225],"traces":[226],"perform":[228],"across":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}