{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3112726452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.3045320","title":"Privacy-Preserving Localization for Underwater Sensor Networks via Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Localization for Underwater Sensor Networks via Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3112726452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.3045320","mag":"3112726452"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3045320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.3045320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101511054","display_name":"Jing Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7768-5720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128819","display_name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/033js6g46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128819"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7768-5720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907","https://openalex.org/I4210128819"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015191127","display_name":"Yuan Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6778-6990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128819","display_name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/033js6g46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128819"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907","https://openalex.org/I4210128819"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107482685","display_name":"Xian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-7280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064776495","display_name":"Xiaoyuan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-9533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128819","display_name":"Institute of Electrical Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/033js6g46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128819"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyuan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-9533","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907","https://openalex.org/I4210128819"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100690710","display_name":"Xinping Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1858-8538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinping Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1858-8538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2054,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96677357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"1880","last_page":"1895"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.752297043800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.7394245862960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6705771088600159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.56600421667099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4997708797454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.4824669659137726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47799769043922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4681827127933502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4153953194618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1828904151916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11161017417907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10871830582618713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.752297043800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.7394245862960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6705771088600159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.56600421667099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4997708797454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.4824669659137726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47799769043922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4681827127933502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4153953194618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1828904151916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11161017417907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10871830582618713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.3045320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.3045320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1303151307","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BJ2018050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328381","funder_display_name":"Huxiang Youth Talent Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1459381100","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"F2020203002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1772506795","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61873345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2749221344","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62033011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2861093724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BJ2020031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328381","funder_display_name":"Huxiang Youth Talent Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2909016857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61973263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328381","display_name":"Huxiang Youth Talent Support Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1908308678","https://openalex.org/W1909655815","https://openalex.org/W2028526813","https://openalex.org/W2031381049","https://openalex.org/W2046220682","https://openalex.org/W2076917880","https://openalex.org/W2099983996","https://openalex.org/W2119717304","https://openalex.org/W2125691265","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2146446044","https://openalex.org/W2291136642","https://openalex.org/W2531418436","https://openalex.org/W2583784334","https://openalex.org/W2607445839","https://openalex.org/W2744714095","https://openalex.org/W2768073288","https://openalex.org/W2781091734","https://openalex.org/W2790334807","https://openalex.org/W2792793629","https://openalex.org/W2805169258","https://openalex.org/W2805413066","https://openalex.org/W2809208194","https://openalex.org/W2883705171","https://openalex.org/W2887888816","https://openalex.org/W2890732628","https://openalex.org/W2890784233","https://openalex.org/W2896976355","https://openalex.org/W2898035736","https://openalex.org/W2900934586","https://openalex.org/W2902763105","https://openalex.org/W2963080724","https://openalex.org/W2964161337","https://openalex.org/W2971544778","https://openalex.org/W2979931907","https://openalex.org/W2980303531","https://openalex.org/W2992172366","https://openalex.org/W2998208768","https://openalex.org/W2999911434","https://openalex.org/W2999980616","https://openalex.org/W3004251986","https://openalex.org/W3005097718","https://openalex.org/W3022039839","https://openalex.org/W3027702711","https://openalex.org/W3037978128","https://openalex.org/W3045013275","https://openalex.org/W3090790792","https://openalex.org/W3106381443","https://openalex.org/W4289436733","https://openalex.org/W6755150206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388412763","https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W1999583034","https://openalex.org/W3217214504","https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W3168963531","https://openalex.org/W2591930867","https://openalex.org/W2773822314","https://openalex.org/W2953138830","https://openalex.org/W3176162126"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underwater":[0],"sensor":[1,21,77,134],"networks":[2],"(USNs)":[3],"are":[4,127,177],"envisioned":[5],"to":[6,37,62,79,94,129,161,179],"enable":[7],"a":[8,47,64,71,88],"large":[9],"variety":[10],"of":[11,20,29,83,133,153],"marine":[12],"applications.":[13],"Such":[14],"applications":[15],"require":[16],"accurate":[17],"position":[18,151,182],"information":[19,152],"nodes.":[22,135],"However,":[23],"the":[24,39,81,96,101,106,112,131,140,149,181,188,197],"openness":[25],"and":[26,115,155,166],"inhomogeneity":[27],"characteristics":[28],"underwater":[30,55,172],"medium":[31],"make":[32,105],"it":[33,158],"much":[34],"more":[35,156],"challenging":[36],"solve":[38],"localization":[40,49,66,72,97,125,142,168,189],"issue.":[41],"This":[42],"paper":[43,146],"is":[44,60,74,92,137,159],"concerned":[45],"with":[46,196],"privacy-preserving":[48,65],"issue":[50],"for":[51,76,164],"USNs":[52],"in":[53,144,170],"inhomogeneous":[54,171],"medium.":[56,173],"An":[57],"honest-but-curious":[58],"model":[59],"considered":[61],"develop":[63],"protocol.":[67],"Based":[68],"on":[69],"this,":[70],"problem":[73,108,169],"constructed":[75],"nodes":[78],"minimize":[80],"sum":[82],"all":[84],"measurement":[85],"errors,":[86],"where":[87],"ray":[89],"compensation":[90],"strategy":[91],"incorporated":[93],"remove":[95],"bias":[98],"from":[99],"assuming":[100],"straight-line":[102],"transmission.":[103],"To":[104],"above":[107],"tractable,":[109],"we":[110],"consider":[111],"unsupervised,":[113],"supervised":[114],"semisupervised":[116],"scenarios,":[117],"through":[118],"which":[119],"deep":[120],"reinforcement":[121],"learning":[122],"(DRL)":[123],"based":[124],"estimators":[126],"utilized":[128],"estimate":[130],"positions":[132],"It":[136],"noted":[138],"that,":[139],"proposed":[141],"solution":[143],"this":[145],"can":[147,184,191],"hide":[148],"private":[150],"USNs,":[154],"importantly,":[157],"robust":[160],"local":[162],"optimum":[163],"nonconvex":[165],"nonsmooth":[167],"Finally,":[174],"simulation":[175],"studies":[176],"given":[178],"show":[180],"privacy":[183],"be":[185,192],"preserved,":[186],"while":[187],"accuracy":[190],"enhanced":[193],"as":[194],"compared":[195],"other":[198],"existing":[199],"works.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
