{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040264089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.2998949","title":"Centralized vs Decentralized Targeted Brute-Force Attacks: Guessing With Side-Information","display_name":"Centralized vs Decentralized Targeted Brute-Force Attacks: Guessing With Side-Information","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040264089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.2998949","mag":"3040264089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.2998949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.2998949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082153975","display_name":"Salman Salamatian","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salman Salamatian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3773-8442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043037048","display_name":"Wasim Huleihel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-1911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16391192","display_name":"Tel Aviv University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wasim Huleihel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-1911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008645615","display_name":"Ahmad Beirami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-5271"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Beirami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-5271","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050033032","display_name":"Asaf Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-5793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asaf Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-5793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075370174","display_name":"Muriel M\u00e9dard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4059-407X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muriel Medard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92964221,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"3749","last_page":"3759"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.8659054636955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7830386161804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.688323974609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brute-force-attack","display_name":"Brute-force attack","score":0.4893888831138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.4585329294204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-strength","display_name":"Password strength","score":0.4453754723072052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-knowledge-password-proof","display_name":"Zero-knowledge password proof","score":0.43154066801071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.31291434168815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-time-password","display_name":"One-time password","score":0.2869473695755005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.8659054636955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7830386161804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.688323974609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207468940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q869370","display_name":"Brute-force attack","level":3,"score":0.4893888831138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.4585329294204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70530487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990841","display_name":"Password strength","level":4,"score":0.4453754723072052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188615804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069448","display_name":"Zero-knowledge password proof","level":5,"score":0.43154066801071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.31291434168815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89479133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137840","display_name":"One-time password","level":3,"score":0.2869473695755005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2020.2998949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.2998949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5680612702","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HR001117C0050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1651134482","https://openalex.org/W1874092637","https://openalex.org/W2006726173","https://openalex.org/W2048755632","https://openalex.org/W2049791310","https://openalex.org/W2073342447","https://openalex.org/W2099177213","https://openalex.org/W2106695582","https://openalex.org/W2112267744","https://openalex.org/W2123097583","https://openalex.org/W2131814097","https://openalex.org/W2148808905","https://openalex.org/W2151170200","https://openalex.org/W2165203736","https://openalex.org/W2232733999","https://openalex.org/W2519160529","https://openalex.org/W2538793708","https://openalex.org/W2734150319","https://openalex.org/W2787743471","https://openalex.org/W2793573497","https://openalex.org/W2794001933","https://openalex.org/W2794597466","https://openalex.org/W2951226853","https://openalex.org/W2953963175","https://openalex.org/W2962685566","https://openalex.org/W2962777184","https://openalex.org/W2965588185","https://openalex.org/W2976423724","https://openalex.org/W3035133096","https://openalex.org/W3101823042","https://openalex.org/W3103971931","https://openalex.org/W4298068648","https://openalex.org/W4302366875","https://openalex.org/W6636468510","https://openalex.org/W6756168198","https://openalex.org/W6765276828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970072309","https://openalex.org/W1990594668","https://openalex.org/W4283835082","https://openalex.org/W3212675275","https://openalex.org/W78975431","https://openalex.org/W2953105088","https://openalex.org/W2969720675","https://openalex.org/W2105351390","https://openalex.org/W2625481578","https://openalex.org/W2097945858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"According":[0],"to":[1,69,195],"recent":[2],"empirical":[3],"studies,":[4],"a":[5,60,71,84,100,130,157,183],"majority":[6],"of":[7,149,190,211,231],"users":[8],"have":[9,24],"the":[10,34,51,113,116,126,136,143,167,173,188,191],"same,":[11],"or":[12,64],"very":[13,242],"similar,":[14],"passwords":[15,147],"across":[16],"multiple":[17],"password-secured":[18],"online":[19],"services.":[20],"This":[21],"practice":[22],"can":[23],"disastrous":[25],"consequences,":[26],"as":[27,187],"one":[28],"password":[29,57,101,192,216],"being":[30],"compromised":[31,62],"puts":[32],"all":[33],"other":[35,66],"accounts":[36],"at":[37],"much":[38],"higher":[39],"risk.":[40],"Generally,":[41],"an":[42,108,162],"adversary":[43],"may":[44],"use":[45],"any":[46,65,228],"side-information":[47,122,140,174,212,240],"he/she":[48],"possesses":[49],"about":[50],"user,":[52],"be":[53],"it":[54],"demographic":[55],"information,":[56,97],"reuse":[58],"on":[59,119],"previously":[61],"account,":[63],"relevant":[67],"information":[68],"devise":[70],"better":[72,226],"brute-force":[73,86],"strategy":[74],"(so":[75],"called":[76],"targeted":[77],"attack).":[78],"In":[79],"this":[80],"work,":[81],"we":[82,160],"consider":[83],"distributed":[85,245],"attack":[87,110,133],"scenario":[88],"in":[89,111,134,244],"which":[90,112,135,214],"m":[91],"adversaries,":[92],"each":[93],"observing":[94],"some":[95],"side":[96],"attempt":[98],"breaching":[99],"secured":[102],"system.":[103],"We":[104,197,218],"compare":[105],"two":[106,209,221],"strategies:":[107],"uncoordinated":[109,168,232],"adversaries":[114,137],"query":[115,142],"system":[117,144],"based":[118],"their":[120,139],"own":[121],"until":[123],"they":[124],"find":[125],"correct":[127],"password,":[128],"and":[129,141,154,169,205],"fully":[131],"coordinated":[132,170,222],"pool":[138],"together.":[145],"For":[146],"X":[148,181],"length":[150,189],"n,":[151],"generated":[152,177],"independently":[153,178],"identically":[155],"from":[156,179],"distribution":[158],"PX,":[159],"establish":[161],"asymptotic":[163],"closed-form":[164],"expression":[165],"for":[166,201,234],"strategies":[171],"when":[172],"Y(m)":[175],"are":[176],"passing":[180],"through":[182],"memoryless":[184],"channel":[185],"PY|X,":[186],"n":[193],"goes":[194],"infinity.":[196],"illustrate":[198],"our":[199],"results":[200],"binary":[202,206],"symmetric":[203],"channels":[204,213],"erasure":[207],"channels,":[208,236],"families":[210],"model":[215],"reuse.":[217],"demonstrate":[219],"that":[220,238],"agents":[223,233],"perform":[224],"asymptotically":[225],"than":[227],"finite":[229],"number":[230],"these":[235],"meaning":[237],"sharing":[239],"is":[241],"valuable":[243],"attacks.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
