{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991346133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2019.2956590","title":"Non-Additive Cost Functions for Color Image Steganography Based on Inter-Channel Correlations and Differences","display_name":"Non-Additive Cost Functions for Color Image Steganography Based on Inter-Channel Correlations and Differences","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991346133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2019.2956590","mag":"2991346133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2019.2956590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2019.2956590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089749839","display_name":"Yaofei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-9239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaofei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067689180","display_name":"Weiming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-6108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-6108","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033791278","display_name":"Weixiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-6548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-6548","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110651754","display_name":"Xinzhi Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinzhi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064573190","display_name":"Nenghai Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-9316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nenghai Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-9316","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Electro-Magnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5506,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90632543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"2081","last_page":"2095"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.8578646779060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.8053849339485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7259868383407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.7112671732902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6627213954925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-image","display_name":"Color image","score":0.6080739498138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5976945757865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.5930459499359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-space","display_name":"Color space","score":0.4692644476890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.46719786524772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.43162161111831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41581615805625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.40567266941070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.21382910013198853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15205839276313782}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.8578646779060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.8053849339485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7259868383407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.7112671732902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6627213954925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142616399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148604","display_name":"Color image","level":4,"score":0.6080739498138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5976945757865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.5930459499359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2961294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166863","display_name":"Color space","level":3,"score":0.4692644476890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.46719786524772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43162161111831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41581615805625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40567266941070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.21382910013198853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15205839276313782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2019.2956590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2019.2956590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5833623133","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u9690\u853d\u5b58\u50a8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u9690\u5199\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61572452","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8406824694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1636201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22271197","https://openalex.org/W96697480","https://openalex.org/W1482218439","https://openalex.org/W1557577278","https://openalex.org/W1604614341","https://openalex.org/W1938938863","https://openalex.org/W1955882805","https://openalex.org/W1976570511","https://openalex.org/W2005825070","https://openalex.org/W2023556846","https://openalex.org/W2059019537","https://openalex.org/W2096156898","https://openalex.org/W2124664712","https://openalex.org/W2134527668","https://openalex.org/W2139842737","https://openalex.org/W2170311913","https://openalex.org/W2170598445","https://openalex.org/W2192227561","https://openalex.org/W2216916749","https://openalex.org/W2271338075","https://openalex.org/W2411903621","https://openalex.org/W2465668359","https://openalex.org/W2542290803","https://openalex.org/W2548753991","https://openalex.org/W2680958618","https://openalex.org/W2792207818","https://openalex.org/W2890904214","https://openalex.org/W2892948265","https://openalex.org/W2909508572","https://openalex.org/W2913133959","https://openalex.org/W2914041582","https://openalex.org/W2945083017","https://openalex.org/W2957604207","https://openalex.org/W2960934316","https://openalex.org/W2962988961","https://openalex.org/W3099900768","https://openalex.org/W3147605027","https://openalex.org/W4253000688","https://openalex.org/W6656557111","https://openalex.org/W6683854469","https://openalex.org/W6758785678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006427497","https://openalex.org/W1988237732","https://openalex.org/W2359334028","https://openalex.org/W2073274365","https://openalex.org/W2094084140","https://openalex.org/W2369195139","https://openalex.org/W2127700059","https://openalex.org/W3095779483","https://openalex.org/W2616660572","https://openalex.org/W2909508572"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,35,38,46,63,68,74,86,95,99,107,118,122,159,163,172,179,183,192,201,208],"strong":[2,43],"presence":[3],"of":[4,98,124,162,171,212],"color":[5,27,32,59,69,145,214],"images":[6,28,60],"for":[7,19,57,140,144],"communication,":[8],"scholars":[9],"have":[10,29,41,111],"mainly":[11],"devoted":[12],"their":[13],"attention":[14],"to":[15,24,114],"research":[16],"on":[17,45,132],"steganography":[18,47],"grayscale":[20,25],"images.":[21],"In":[22,49,116],"contrast":[23],"images,":[26],"three":[30,39,184],"interrelated":[31],"channels,":[33],"and":[34,65,83,90,92,101,121,165,175],"relationships":[36],"among":[37],"channels":[40,103,128,167],"a":[42,54,78,137],"impact":[44],"security.":[48],"this":[50,187],"paper,":[51],"we":[52,135],"present":[53],"steganographic":[55],"scheme":[56],"spatial":[58],"by":[61],"exploiting":[62],"correlations":[64],"differences":[66],"between":[67,88,127,182],"channels.":[70,185],"We":[71],"find":[72],"that":[73,200],"G":[75,108,173],"channel":[76,109,174],"has":[77],"stronger":[79],"correlation":[80],"with":[81,104,169,218],"R":[82,89,100,164],"B":[84,102,166],"than":[85],"one":[87],"B,":[91],"thus,":[93],"synchronizing":[94],"modification":[96,160],"directions":[97,161],"those":[105,170],"from":[106],"will":[110,189],"better":[112],"resistance":[113],"detection.":[115],"addition,":[117],"payload":[119],"capacity":[120,181],"distribution":[123],"complex":[125],"regions":[126],"are":[129],"different.":[130],"Based":[131],"these":[133],"findings,":[134],"design":[136],"new":[138],"strategy":[139,156,188,204],"defining":[141],"non-additive":[142],"costs":[143],"image":[146,215],"steganography,":[147],"called":[148],"G-channel-related":[149],"Inter-channel":[150],"Non-Additive":[151],"(GINA)":[152],"strategy.":[153],"The":[154,196],"GINA":[155,203],"can":[157,176,205],"make":[158],"consistent":[168],"adaptively":[177],"distribute":[178],"embedding":[180],"Specifically,":[186],"not":[190],"violate":[191],"Complexity":[193],"Prior":[194],"rule.":[195],"experimental":[197],"results":[198],"show":[199],"proposed":[202],"significantly":[206],"improve":[207],"performance":[209],"in":[210],"terms":[211],"resisting":[213],"steganalysis":[216],"compared":[217],"previous":[219],"methods.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
