{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2804900588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2838084","title":"Cyber-Threat Mitigation Exploiting the Birth\u2013Death\u2013Immigration Model","display_name":"Cyber-Threat Mitigation Exploiting the Birth\u2013Death\u2013Immigration Model","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2804900588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2838084","mag":"2804900588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2018.2838084","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2838084","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033752533","display_name":"Vincenzo Matta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-4027"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Matta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004266537","display_name":"Mario Di Mauro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6574-2601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Di Mauro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078388590","display_name":"M. Longo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-4003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Longo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045179998","display_name":"Alfonso Farina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-2427"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfonso Farina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical Consultant, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical Consultant, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033752533"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0557,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76446937,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"12","first_page":"3137","last_page":"3152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8349366188049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.6277914047241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5647404193878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5195356011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threat-model","display_name":"Threat model","score":0.4551451504230499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.44785526394844055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.42760351300239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.4226982593536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3793846666812897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3353283405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0905875563621521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8349366188049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.6277914047241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5647404193878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5195356011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.4551451504230499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.44785526394844055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.42760351300239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4226982593536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3793846666812897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3353283405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0905875563621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2018.2838084","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2838084","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W861596422","https://openalex.org/W1490436385","https://openalex.org/W1498585374","https://openalex.org/W1914027636","https://openalex.org/W1963876301","https://openalex.org/W1967123222","https://openalex.org/W1969381345","https://openalex.org/W1972771043","https://openalex.org/W1979257831","https://openalex.org/W1980065740","https://openalex.org/W1980119122","https://openalex.org/W1980645921","https://openalex.org/W1986730033","https://openalex.org/W1991567646","https://openalex.org/W1995442333","https://openalex.org/W1995841658","https://openalex.org/W2011993069","https://openalex.org/W2019560726","https://openalex.org/W2046135376","https://openalex.org/W2056840248","https://openalex.org/W2064514502","https://openalex.org/W2092184335","https://openalex.org/W2094745658","https://openalex.org/W2096272023","https://openalex.org/W2097044247","https://openalex.org/W2113183909","https://openalex.org/W2120062331","https://openalex.org/W2123269507","https://openalex.org/W2126047043","https://openalex.org/W2126384258","https://openalex.org/W2128944612","https://openalex.org/W2140738143","https://openalex.org/W2142300547","https://openalex.org/W2148301044","https://openalex.org/W2149463733","https://openalex.org/W2158440950","https://openalex.org/W2165184405","https://openalex.org/W2167008044","https://openalex.org/W2168955340","https://openalex.org/W2169751441","https://openalex.org/W2274964336","https://openalex.org/W2331422636","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2527824991","https://openalex.org/W2562218166","https://openalex.org/W2590608308","https://openalex.org/W2765439657","https://openalex.org/W2963897534","https://openalex.org/W2963965856","https://openalex.org/W2963985988","https://openalex.org/W3102326635","https://openalex.org/W4205193750","https://openalex.org/W4231825302","https://openalex.org/W4235699481","https://openalex.org/W4236902022","https://openalex.org/W4249446031","https://openalex.org/W4292070112","https://openalex.org/W4297962570","https://openalex.org/W4301258660","https://openalex.org/W4366807444","https://openalex.org/W6629378530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W4366700029","https://openalex.org/W2045155990","https://openalex.org/W4313163053","https://openalex.org/W4285230481","https://openalex.org/W3045811229","https://openalex.org/W4300973204","https://openalex.org/W4385769873","https://openalex.org/W2015759683","https://openalex.org/W4281634296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,47],"consider":[1],"the":[2,6,33,42,45,53,69,85,106,109,112,118,126],"problem":[3],"of":[4,8,15,28,44,62,81,88,111,120],"mitigating":[5],"effect":[7],"malicious":[9],"cyber-threats":[10],"spreading":[11],"across":[12,103],"multiple":[13],"subnets":[14],"a":[16,25,58,90],"data":[17],"network.":[18],"Three":[19],"fundamental":[20],"issues":[21,50],"arise:":[22],"1)":[23],"providing":[24,52],"manageable":[26],"model":[27],"threat":[29,63],"propagation;":[30],"2)":[31],"quantifying":[32],"danger":[34],"associated":[35],"to":[36,95],"different":[37],"subnets;":[38],"and":[39,125],"3)":[40],"optimizing":[41],"allocation":[43,102],"countermeasures.":[46],"address":[48],"these":[49],"by":[51,75],"following":[54],"novel":[55],"contributions.":[56],"First,":[57],"convenient":[59],"mathematical":[60],"abstraction":[61],"propagation":[64],"is":[65,123],"proposed,":[66],"which":[67],"employs":[68],"birth-and-death":[70],"process":[71],"with":[72],"immigration":[73],"pioneered":[74],"Kendall":[76],"in":[77],"his":[78],"seminal":[79],"work":[80],"1948.":[82],"Then,":[83],"exploiting":[84],"notable":[86],"properties":[87],"such":[89],"model,":[91],"we":[92],"show":[93],"how":[94],"retrieve":[96],"analytical":[97],"solutions":[98],"for":[99,105],"optimal":[100],"resource":[101],"subnets,":[104],"case":[107],"where":[108],"parameters":[110,129],"attack":[113,128],"are":[114,130],"perfectly":[115],"known.":[116],"Finally,":[117],"assumption":[119],"perfect":[121],"knowledge":[122],"removed,":[124],"unknown":[127],"estimated":[131],"using":[132],"maximum-likelihood":[133],"estimators.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
