{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794180321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2819121","title":"Semantic-Aware Searching Over Encrypted Data for Cloud Computing","display_name":"Semantic-Aware Searching Over Encrypted Data for Cloud Computing","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794180321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2819121","mag":"2794180321"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2018.2819121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2819121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066341740","display_name":"Zhangjie Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4363-2521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangjie Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4363-2521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018272270","display_name":"Lili Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5228-092X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lili Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5228-092X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100388504","display_name":"Xingming Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-726X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingming Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008787905","display_name":"Alex X. Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-1326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex X. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-1326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050041449","display_name":"Guowu Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8756-8327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guowu Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.8622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97860393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"9","first_page":"2359","last_page":"2371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8882180452346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7189357876777649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6362800598144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5987799167633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-search","display_name":"Semantic search","score":0.5466150045394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciphertext","display_name":"Ciphertext","score":0.5284352898597717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4263036251068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3717057406902313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.32317835092544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.2649589776992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.15017345547676086}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8882180452346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7189357876777649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6362800598144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5987799167633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166423231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1891170","display_name":"Semantic search","level":3,"score":0.5466150045394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93974786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589480","display_name":"Ciphertext","level":3,"score":0.5284352898597717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4263036251068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3717057406902313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.32317835092544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.2649589776992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.15017345547676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2018.2819121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2819121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G136835723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20150925","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2476851938","display_name":"\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5bc6\u6587\u56fe\u50cf\u68c0\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61672294","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2596279138","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1405254","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2822503602","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R2017L05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3327002499","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6293695460","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6698120632","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772283","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G860498178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1536206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327794","display_name":"Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185113102","https://openalex.org/W1502708590","https://openalex.org/W1511886987","https://openalex.org/W1512194687","https://openalex.org/W1527875195","https://openalex.org/W1539859404","https://openalex.org/W1577673611","https://openalex.org/W1589843374","https://openalex.org/W1596208550","https://openalex.org/W1991318406","https://openalex.org/W1996453724","https://openalex.org/W2005360623","https://openalex.org/W2007877577","https://openalex.org/W2012753837","https://openalex.org/W2035758533","https://openalex.org/W2041480327","https://openalex.org/W2045729350","https://openalex.org/W2054701320","https://openalex.org/W2060099509","https://openalex.org/W2063695313","https://openalex.org/W2067107647","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2086829072","https://openalex.org/W2087173276","https://openalex.org/W2087739686","https://openalex.org/W2089993141","https://openalex.org/W2091291608","https://openalex.org/W2099513787","https://openalex.org/W2112064109","https://openalex.org/W2113471940","https://openalex.org/W2114486350","https://openalex.org/W2116908444","https://openalex.org/W2117740674","https://openalex.org/W2119149536","https://openalex.org/W2122119548","https://openalex.org/W2122590785","https://openalex.org/W2126689465","https://openalex.org/W2132257180","https://openalex.org/W2140735141","https://openalex.org/W2146828512","https://openalex.org/W2147929033","https://openalex.org/W2152516507","https://openalex.org/W2169691038","https://openalex.org/W2268989031","https://openalex.org/W2288560581","https://openalex.org/W2344811709","https://openalex.org/W2469486851","https://openalex.org/W2474001793","https://openalex.org/W2475932160","https://openalex.org/W2490265015","https://openalex.org/W2514981978","https://openalex.org/W2541518390","https://openalex.org/W2542057642","https://openalex.org/W2554084073","https://openalex.org/W2604462068","https://openalex.org/W2605965597","https://openalex.org/W2737714914","https://openalex.org/W2752901856","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6632397462","https://openalex.org/W6666422678","https://openalex.org/W6682311248","https://openalex.org/W6720368936","https://openalex.org/W6736282017"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W4223488648","https://openalex.org/W2134969820","https://openalex.org/W2251605416","https://openalex.org/W1997222214","https://openalex.org/W2560439919","https://openalex.org/W4389340727","https://openalex.org/W3150465815","https://openalex.org/W2802581102","https://openalex.org/W4205786897"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,20,28,34,38,48,71,119,123,129,142,147,160,164,167,171,174,180,192,198,220,226,243,248],"increasing":[2],"adoption":[3],"of":[4,10,31,37,75],"cloud":[5,135,204],"computing,":[6],"a":[7,90,103,112,185],"growing":[8],"number":[9],"users":[11,83],"outsource":[12],"their":[13],"datasets":[14,21,144,223],"to":[15,46,58,88,140,150,158,173,189,210],"cloud.":[16],"To":[17,177],"preserve":[18],"privacy,":[19],"are":[22,56,240],"usually":[23],"encrypted":[24,52,60,130,203],"before":[25],"outsourcing.":[26],"However,":[27,66],"common":[29],"practice":[30],"encryption":[32],"makes":[33],"effective":[35,99],"utilization":[36],"data":[39,61,151,205],"difficult.":[40],"For":[41],"example,":[42],"it":[43],"is":[44,102,138,156,228],"difficult":[45,104],"search":[47,68,84,92,97,115,181,201],"given":[49],"keywords":[50],"in":[51,128],"datasets.":[53,131],"Many":[54],"schemes":[55,69,239],"proposed":[57],"make":[59,95],"searchable":[62],"based":[63,117,218],"on":[64,118,219],"keywords.":[65],"keyword-based":[67],"ignore":[70],"semantic":[72,96,114,124],"representation":[73],"information":[74],"users'":[76],"retrieval,":[77],"and":[78,94,100,122,145,166,169,247],"cannot":[79],"completely":[80],"meet":[81],"with":[82],"intention.":[85],"Therefore,":[86],"how":[87],"design":[89],"content-based":[91],"scheme":[93,116,227],"more":[98,229],"context-aware":[101],"challenge.":[105],"In":[106],"this":[107],"paper,":[108],"we":[109,183],"propose":[110,211],"ECSED,":[111],"novel":[113],"concept":[120],"hierarchy":[121],"relationship":[125],"between":[126,163],"concepts":[127],"ECSED":[132],"uses":[133],"two":[134,212],"servers.":[136],"One":[137],"used":[139,157],"store":[141],"outsourced":[143],"return":[146],"ranked":[148,200],"results":[149,217],"users.":[152],"The":[153,215],"other":[154],"one":[155],"compute":[159],"similarity":[161],"scores":[162,172],"documents":[165],"query":[168],"send":[170],"first":[175],"server.":[176],"further":[178],"improve":[179],"efficiency,":[182],"utilize":[184],"tree-based":[186],"index":[187,194],"structure":[188],"organize":[190],"all":[191],"document":[193],"vectors.":[195],"We":[196,234],"employ":[197],"multi-keyword":[199],"over":[202],"as":[206],"our":[207,238],"basic":[208],"frame":[209],"secure":[213,241],"schemes.":[214,233],"experiment":[216],"real":[221],"world":[222],"show":[224],"that":[225,237],"efficient":[230],"than":[231],"previous":[232],"also":[235],"prove":[236],"under":[242],"known":[244,249],"ciphertext":[245],"model":[246],"background":[250],"model.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}