{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2790644461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2807790","title":"Normalization and Weighting Techniques Based on Genuine-Impostor Score Fusion in Multi-Biometric Systems","display_name":"Normalization and Weighting Techniques Based on Genuine-Impostor Score Fusion in Multi-Biometric Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2790644461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2807790","mag":"2790644461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2018.2807790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2807790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037833300","display_name":"Waziha Kabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0704-6645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waziha Kabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Signal Processing and Communications, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Signal Processing and Communications, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068820891","display_name":"M. Omair Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-6659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Omair Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Signal Processing and Communications, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-6659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Signal Processing and Communications, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013967994","display_name":"M.N.S. Swamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3989-5476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.N.S. Swamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Signal Processing and Communications, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Signal Processing and Communications, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2487,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9642953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"8","first_page":"1989","last_page":"2000"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9652000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9650999903678894,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.8889034986495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8622878193855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.8126440048217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7020628452301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.5915905237197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.58180832862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5640696287155151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.44085007905960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33799177408218384}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.8889034986495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8622878193855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.8126440048217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7020628452301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.5915905237197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.58180832862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5640696287155151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44085007905960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33799177408218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2018.2807790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2018.2807790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57416390","https://openalex.org/W1512367887","https://openalex.org/W1585588639","https://openalex.org/W1613978410","https://openalex.org/W1873119277","https://openalex.org/W1965914109","https://openalex.org/W1984263024","https://openalex.org/W1992392048","https://openalex.org/W1994788465","https://openalex.org/W2005046886","https://openalex.org/W2010846950","https://openalex.org/W2026974073","https://openalex.org/W2027463020","https://openalex.org/W2030965808","https://openalex.org/W2044862799","https://openalex.org/W2047825359","https://openalex.org/W2049585407","https://openalex.org/W2053081306","https://openalex.org/W2061272711","https://openalex.org/W2063138744","https://openalex.org/W2063424920","https://openalex.org/W2065542602","https://openalex.org/W2068999607","https://openalex.org/W2076289456","https://openalex.org/W2078136378","https://openalex.org/W2087425379","https://openalex.org/W2094503172","https://openalex.org/W2097826102","https://openalex.org/W2115969720","https://openalex.org/W2121175495","https://openalex.org/W2126818868","https://openalex.org/W2132559658","https://openalex.org/W2133115605","https://openalex.org/W2136885397","https://openalex.org/W2154628171","https://openalex.org/W2159171257","https://openalex.org/W2161291303","https://openalex.org/W2165956633","https://openalex.org/W2185365184","https://openalex.org/W2253605759","https://openalex.org/W2290886416","https://openalex.org/W2396140704","https://openalex.org/W2405680777","https://openalex.org/W2511019053","https://openalex.org/W6602336089"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2743722985","https://openalex.org/W2171353393","https://openalex.org/W4200422973","https://openalex.org/W1995418324","https://openalex.org/W2211301776","https://openalex.org/W2060905804","https://openalex.org/W2125926329","https://openalex.org/W52775570","https://openalex.org/W2551525740"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,129,152],"performance":[1,124,130],"of":[2,67,92,100,105,125,131,139,161,169],"a":[3,31,83,167],"multi-biometric":[4,109,133],"system":[5,110,134],"can":[6,21],"be":[7,23],"improved":[8,25],"using":[9,26],"an":[10],"efficient":[11],"normalization":[12,27,50,62],"technique":[13,85],"under":[14,34],"the":[15,35,54,60,65,68,72,90,93,98,123,126,132,140,162,170],"simple":[16],"sum-rule-based":[17,37],"score-level":[18,38],"fusion.":[19,39],"It":[20],"also":[22,157],"further":[24],"techniques":[28,51,63],"along":[29],"with":[30],"weighting":[32,84],"method":[33],"weighted":[36],"In":[40],"this":[41],"paper,":[42],"at":[43],"first,":[44],"we":[45,81],"present":[46],"two":[47],"anchored":[48],"score":[49],"based":[52,88],"on":[53,89],"genuine":[55,73,101,145,163],"and":[56,74,77,103,117,144],"impostor":[57,75,106],"scores.":[58,107],"Specifically,":[59],"proposed":[61,127],"utilize":[64],"information":[66],"overlap":[69],"region":[70],"between":[71],"scores":[76,95,102],"their":[78],"neighbors.":[79],"Second,":[80],"propose":[82],"that":[86],"is":[87,119,135],"confidence":[91],"matching":[94],"by":[96],"considering":[97],"mean-to-maximum":[99],"mean-to-minimum":[104],"A":[108],"having":[111],"three":[112],"biometric":[113],"traits,":[114],"fingerprint,":[115],"palmprint,":[116],"earprint,":[118],"utilized":[120],"to":[121],"evaluate":[122],"techniques.":[128],"evaluated":[136],"in":[137,159],"terms":[138,160],"equal":[141],"error":[142],"rate":[143,147,165],"acceptance":[146,150,164,172],"@0.5%":[148],"false":[149,171],"rate.":[151,173],"receiver":[153],"operating":[154],"characteristics":[155],"are":[156],"plotted":[158],"as":[166],"function":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
