{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109244201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2014.2381873","title":"Passive IP Traceback: Disclosing the Locations of IP Spoofers From Path Backscatter","display_name":"Passive IP Traceback: Disclosing the Locations of IP Spoofers From Path Backscatter","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109244201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2014.2381873","mag":"2109244201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2014.2381873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2014.2381873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041753886","display_name":"Guang Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-8479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guang Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076480986","display_name":"Jun Bi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8695-1047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074022699","display_name":"Athanasios V. Vasilakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-9877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athanasios V. Vasilakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041753886"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.7492,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98982537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"471","last_page":"484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ip-traceback","display_name":"IP traceback","score":0.9704043865203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7965579628944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7771043181419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.7616164088249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ip-address-spoofing","display_name":"IP address spoofing","score":0.657210648059845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-protocol","display_name":"Internet Protocol","score":0.6068286299705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6038282513618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.6026705503463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.566162109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.4957924783229828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.49426865577697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-protocol-suite","display_name":"Internet protocol suite","score":0.47548094391822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ip-tunnel","display_name":"IP tunnel","score":0.42368483543395996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.35007715225219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ip-address-management","display_name":"IP address management","score":0.28711172938346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21806597709655762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.10463562607765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07312414050102234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776059407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973212","display_name":"IP traceback","level":4,"score":0.9704043865203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7965579628944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7771043181419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.7616164088249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111814575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550893","display_name":"IP address spoofing","level":5,"score":0.657210648059845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35341882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8795","display_name":"Internet Protocol","level":3,"score":0.6068286299705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6038282513618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.6026705503463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.566162109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.4957924783229828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.49426865577697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65567647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81414","display_name":"Internet protocol suite","level":3,"score":0.47548094391822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10790986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442343","display_name":"IP tunnel","level":4,"score":0.42368483543395996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.35007715225219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201980515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13219707","display_name":"IP address management","level":4,"score":0.28711172938346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21806597709655762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.10463562607765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07312414050102234}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2014.2381873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2014.2381873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3174579580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61303194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5850789492","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013M530047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6595568882","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61472213","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206164581","https://openalex.org/W1498306861","https://openalex.org/W1578138711","https://openalex.org/W1660551007","https://openalex.org/W1920802909","https://openalex.org/W1959318606","https://openalex.org/W1966478281","https://openalex.org/W1967949770","https://openalex.org/W1984956506","https://openalex.org/W1987077602","https://openalex.org/W2041651407","https://openalex.org/W2081357650","https://openalex.org/W2087853663","https://openalex.org/W2096070451","https://openalex.org/W2106655090","https://openalex.org/W2117222554","https://openalex.org/W2117636524","https://openalex.org/W2118404561","https://openalex.org/W2120475852","https://openalex.org/W2120514843","https://openalex.org/W2132957552","https://openalex.org/W2143629476","https://openalex.org/W2144272949","https://openalex.org/W2145327498","https://openalex.org/W2145538605","https://openalex.org/W2150228605","https://openalex.org/W2151972741","https://openalex.org/W2153817899","https://openalex.org/W2154412916","https://openalex.org/W2158240888","https://openalex.org/W2159256070","https://openalex.org/W2163809997","https://openalex.org/W2490443367","https://openalex.org/W2997134027","https://openalex.org/W4236793779","https://openalex.org/W4250493029","https://openalex.org/W4292414168","https://openalex.org/W6608458714","https://openalex.org/W6642293643","https://openalex.org/W6675553754","https://openalex.org/W6677375321","https://openalex.org/W6679888951","https://openalex.org/W6682144364"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3016013868","https://openalex.org/W2808906704","https://openalex.org/W2763449180","https://openalex.org/W2093735844","https://openalex.org/W4200612610","https://openalex.org/W2152553012","https://openalex.org/W2009772755","https://openalex.org/W2767208794","https://openalex.org/W2377214228","https://openalex.org/W2592805739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1],"long":[2,171],"known":[3],"attackers":[4],"may":[5,186],"use":[6],"forged":[7],"source":[8],"IP":[9,23,43,72,81,164],"address":[10],"to":[11,31,192],"conceal":[12],"their":[13],"real":[14],"locations.":[15],"To":[16],"capture":[17],"the":[18,32,49,55,58,77,101,116,125,129,136,144,153,182,188],"spoofers,":[19],"a":[20,40,53],"number":[21],"of":[22,34,60,80,140,147],"traceback":[24,44,73,82,198],"mechanisms":[25],"have":[26],"been":[27,38,64,168,201],"proposed.":[28],"However,":[29],"due":[30],"challenges":[33],"deployment,":[35],"there":[36],"has":[37,62,167,200],"not":[39],"widely":[41],"adopted":[42],"solution,":[45],"at":[46,48],"least":[47],"Internet":[50,86],"level.":[51],"As":[52],"result,":[54],"mist":[56],"on":[57,104,132,152],"locations":[59,146],"spoofers":[61,102,117,148,194],"never":[63,173],"dissipated":[65],"till":[66],"now.":[67],"This":[68,122],"paper":[69,123],"proposes":[70],"passive":[71],"(PIT)":[74],"that":[75],"bypasses":[76],"deployment":[78,120],"difficulties":[79],"techniques.":[83],"PIT":[84,113,151,177],"investigates":[85],"Control":[87],"Message":[88],"Protocol":[89],"error":[90],"messages":[91],"(named":[92],"path":[93,133,154],"backscatter)":[94],"triggered":[95],"by":[96],"spoofing":[97,183],"traffic,":[98],"and":[99,128,138,142],"tracks":[100],"based":[103],"public":[105],"available":[106],"information":[107],"(e.g.,":[108],"topology).":[109],"In":[110],"this":[111],"way,":[112],"can":[114,160],"find":[115],"without":[118],"any":[119],"requirement.":[121],"illustrates":[124],"causes,":[126],"collection,":[127],"statistical":[130],"results":[131,159],"backscatter,":[134],"demonstrates":[135],"processes":[137],"effectiveness":[139],"PIT,":[141],"shows":[143],"captured":[145],"through":[149],"applying":[150],"backscatter":[155],"data":[156],"set.":[157],"These":[158],"help":[161],"further":[162],"reveal":[163],"spoofing,":[165],"which":[166],"studied":[169],"for":[170],"but":[172],"well":[174],"understood.":[175],"Though":[176],"cannot":[178],"work":[179],"in":[180,203],"all":[181],"attacks,":[184],"it":[185],"be":[187],"most":[189],"useful":[190],"mechanism":[191],"trace":[193],"before":[195],"an":[196],"Internet-level":[197],"system":[199],"deployed":[202],"real.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T09:09:15.849793","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}