{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2081326826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2218599","title":"Steganography Integration Into a Low-Bit Rate Speech Codec","display_name":"Steganography Integration Into a Low-Bit Rate Speech Codec","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2081326826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2218599","mag":"2081326826"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2012.2218599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2218599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768896","display_name":"Yongfeng Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3825-2230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongfeng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101721522","display_name":"Chenghao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-2354"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenghao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication College, Chongqing, China","Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication Institute, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication College, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication Institute, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058426841","display_name":"Shanyu Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2980-6473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanyu Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, Hubei, China","Sch. of Comput. Sci., China Univ. of Geosci., Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Comput. Sci., China Univ. of Geosci., Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024075471","display_name":"Sen Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7146-6970"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sen Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication College, Chongqing, China","Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication Institute, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication College, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Communication Institute, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0009,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":138,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93958405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"6","first_page":"1865","last_page":"1875"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8657798171043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-coding","display_name":"Speech coding","score":0.6923871040344238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codec","display_name":"Codec","score":0.6609838604927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.647620439529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6319009065628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/full-rate","display_name":"Full Rate","score":0.5299312472343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codec2","display_name":"Codec2","score":0.526664674282074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-over-ip","display_name":"Voice over IP","score":0.4429360330104828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-multi-rate-audio-codec","display_name":"Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec","score":0.4427063763141632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-activity-detection","display_name":"Voice activity detection","score":0.42183858156204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psqm","display_name":"PSQM","score":0.4168488085269928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3565022349357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.32820552587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-predictive-coding","display_name":"Linear predictive coding","score":0.3254694640636444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.2950398921966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.25965622067451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22143715620040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.11315694451332092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8657798171043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13895895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3270773","display_name":"Speech coding","level":2,"score":0.6923871040344238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161765866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184748","display_name":"Codec","level":2,"score":0.6609838604927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.647620439529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6319009065628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197477341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532845","display_name":"Full Rate","level":3,"score":0.5299312472343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75217168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105653","display_name":"Codec2","level":4,"score":0.526664674282074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171246234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81945","display_name":"Voice over IP","level":3,"score":0.4429360330104828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177067256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4676210","display_name":"Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec","level":4,"score":0.4427063763141632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204201278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332614","display_name":"Voice activity detection","level":3,"score":0.42183858156204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108699837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7120750","display_name":"PSQM","level":4,"score":0.4168488085269928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3565022349357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.32820552587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59883199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826438","display_name":"Linear predictive coding","level":3,"score":0.3254694640636444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.2950398921966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.25965622067451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22143715620040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.11315694451332092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2012.2218599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2218599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.uwl.ac.uk:3932","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-8135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402477","display_name":"UWL Repository (University of West London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177463362","host_organization_name":"University of West London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177463362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570996778","https://openalex.org/W1971037086","https://openalex.org/W1993704367","https://openalex.org/W2017418484","https://openalex.org/W2020317832","https://openalex.org/W2026170051","https://openalex.org/W2039365749","https://openalex.org/W2065552077","https://openalex.org/W2086725848","https://openalex.org/W2115544090","https://openalex.org/W2124042115","https://openalex.org/W2131978633","https://openalex.org/W2137282361","https://openalex.org/W2138376535","https://openalex.org/W2139334285","https://openalex.org/W2171796757","https://openalex.org/W2185364087","https://openalex.org/W2532328686","https://openalex.org/W6686685957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060409740","https://openalex.org/W1601770773","https://openalex.org/W2159307410","https://openalex.org/W3034644940","https://openalex.org/W2092228680","https://openalex.org/W2127932871","https://openalex.org/W2382399415","https://openalex.org/W1542588102","https://openalex.org/W2020464095","https://openalex.org/W2170800460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low":[0],"bit-rate":[1,21,43,71,106],"speech":[2,55,72,81,91,107],"codecs":[3],"have":[4,25],"been":[5],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"in":[8,19,28,41],"audio":[9,22,45],"communications":[10],"like":[11],"VoIP":[12,44],"and":[13,80,92,116],"mobile":[14],"communications,":[15],"so":[16],"that":[17],"steganography":[18,40,84],"low":[20,42,70,105],"streams":[23,46],"would":[24],"broad":[26],"applications":[27],"practice.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31],"paper,":[32],"the":[33,52,121,124,129],"authors":[34],"propose":[35],"a":[36,103],"new":[37],"algorithm":[38,59,85],"for":[39],"by":[47,113],"integrating":[48],"information":[49,78],"hiding":[50,79],"into":[51],"process":[53],"of":[54,90,95,128],"encoding.":[56,82],"The":[57,83],"proposed":[58,122],"performs":[60],"data":[61,114,125],"embedding":[62,115,126],"while":[63],"pitch":[64],"period":[65],"prediction":[66],"is":[67],"conducted":[68],"during":[69],"encoding,":[73],"thus":[74],"maintaining":[75],"synchronization":[76],"between":[77],"can":[86,132],"achieve":[87],"high":[88],"quality":[89],"prevent":[93],"detection":[94],"steganalysis,":[96],"but":[97],"also":[98],"has":[99],"great":[100],"compatibility":[101],"with":[102,120],"standard":[104],"codec":[108],"without":[109],"causing":[110],"further":[111],"delay":[112],"extraction.":[117],"Testing":[118],"shows,":[119],"algorithm,":[123],"rate":[127],"secret":[130],"message":[131],"attain":[133],"4":[134],"bits/frame":[135],"(133.3":[136],"bits/second).":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
