{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2065958460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2184093","title":"Controllable Secure Watermarking Technique for Tradeoff Between Robustness and Security","display_name":"Controllable Secure Watermarking Technique for Tradeoff Between Robustness and Security","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2065958460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2184093","mag":"2065958460"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2012.2184093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2184093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101602897","display_name":"Jian Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8903-2903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jian Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Information Science and Technology; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047964483","display_name":"Jiwu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-5689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiwu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Information Science and Technology; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101602897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93145382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"821","last_page":"826"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.8356661796569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.8299270868301392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.792823314666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.7747217416763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6557389497756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6524767279624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.5806929469108582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant-subspace","display_name":"Invariant subspace","score":0.5638250112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.43659693002700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42709264159202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.283143550157547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24021631479263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-subspace","display_name":"Linear subspace","score":0.19886961579322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.07613414525985718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.06969237327575684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.8356661796569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.8299270868301392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.792823314666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.7747217416763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6557389497756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6524767279624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5806929469108582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777059694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2706744","display_name":"Invariant subspace","level":3,"score":0.5638250112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.43659693002700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42709264159202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.283143550157547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24021631479263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12362212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728435","display_name":"Linear subspace","level":2,"score":0.19886961579322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.07613414525985718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.06969237327575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2012.2184093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2012.2184093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492963300","https://openalex.org/W1567239862","https://openalex.org/W1576573853","https://openalex.org/W2001050163","https://openalex.org/W2036476394","https://openalex.org/W2054910354","https://openalex.org/W2057911999","https://openalex.org/W2111554620","https://openalex.org/W2116467012","https://openalex.org/W2127364031","https://openalex.org/W2149074144","https://openalex.org/W2160921333","https://openalex.org/W3009330671","https://openalex.org/W6629436460","https://openalex.org/W6634385378","https://openalex.org/W6659520598","https://openalex.org/W6774632908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W2183032046","https://openalex.org/W1514507288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,96,184],"circular":[1],"watermarking":[2,71,94],"(CW)":[3],"technique":[4,79],"has":[5],"attracted":[6],"increasing":[7],"attention":[8],"because":[9,44,50],"it":[10],"can":[11,39,53,117,171,190],"resist":[12],"the":[13,19,26,51,55,81,99,105,109,113,119,133,142,156,169,174,181,187,194,201,206,211,218,221,224,227,230],"estimation":[14],"of":[15,112,176,186,220,223,229],"secret":[16,177],"carriers":[17,178],"in":[18,108,127],"watermarked":[20,120],"only":[21,172,239],"attack":[22,38],"(WOA)":[23],"framework.":[24],"However,":[25],"existing":[27,65],"CW":[28,66,78],"schemes":[29],"are":[30],"not":[31,145],"applicable":[32],"whenever":[33],"a":[34,76,128],"malicious":[35],"watermark":[36],"removal":[37],"take":[40],"place.":[41],"This":[42],"is":[43,101,160,213],"they":[45],"either":[46],"have":[47,59,122],"low":[48,60],"security":[49,228],"attacker":[52,170],"disclose":[54],"embedding":[56,114,134],"subspace":[57,131,159,189],"or":[58],"robustness.":[61],"Based":[62],"on":[63],"an":[64,123],"scheme":[67],"called":[68],"transportation":[69],"natural":[70],"(TNW),":[72],"this":[73],"correspondence":[74],"presents":[75],"new":[77],"for":[80,193],"tradeoff":[82,195,208],"between":[83,196],"robustness":[84,197,237],"and":[85,155,198],"security,":[86],"which":[87],"we":[88,116],"refer":[89],"to":[90,162,180],"as":[91,163],"controllable":[92],"secure":[93],"(CSW).":[95],"idea":[97],"behind":[98],"CSW":[100,212,231],"that":[102,141,168,205],"by":[103,149,210],"altering":[104],"host":[106],"signal":[107,121],"orthogonal":[110,153],"complement":[111],"subspace,":[115,226],"make":[118],"orthogonally":[124],"invariant":[125,137,164,182,188,225],"distribution":[126,138,143],"higher":[129,157],"dimensional":[130,158],"including":[132],"subspace.":[135,165,183],"Orthogonally":[136],"essentially":[139],"requires":[140],"does":[144],"change":[146],"if":[147],"multiplied":[148],"any":[150],"freely":[151],"chosen":[152],"matrix,":[154],"referred":[161],"We":[166],"prove":[167],"reduce":[173],"uncertainty":[175],"up":[179],"dimension":[185,222],"be":[191],"used":[192],"security.":[199],"Further,":[200],"experiment":[202],"results":[203],"show":[204],"robustness-security":[207],"provided":[209],"efficient.":[214],"In":[215],"particular,":[216],"with":[217],"increase":[219,233],"will":[232,238],"quickly":[234],"while":[235],"its":[236],"decrease":[240],"slowly.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}