{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2050991548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2011.2170836","title":"Detection of Nonaligned Double JPEG Compression Based on Integer Periodicity Maps","display_name":"Detection of Nonaligned Double JPEG Compression Based on Integer Periodicity Maps","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2050991548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2011.2170836","mag":"2050991548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2011.2170836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2011.2170836","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2505891/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054395599","display_name":"Tiziano Bianchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3965-3522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiziano Bianchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNIT Research Unit and the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","Dept of Electron. & Telecommun., Univ. of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNIT Research Unit and the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electron. & Telecommun., Univ. of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007423585","display_name":"Alessandro Piva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3047-0519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Piva","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNIT Research Unit and the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","Dept of Electron. & Telecommun., Univ. of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNIT Research Unit and the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electron. & Telecommun., Univ. of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2234,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":203,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98041022,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"842","last_page":"848"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jpeg","display_name":"JPEG","score":0.896031379699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.8431267738342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.7905080318450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7011743783950806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossless-jpeg","display_name":"Lossless JPEG","score":0.6677265763282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5366347432136536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.535966157913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.5357097387313843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transform-coding","display_name":"Transform coding","score":0.5003376007080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-compression","display_name":"Image compression","score":0.45833829045295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jpeg-2000","display_name":"JPEG 2000","score":0.4537922441959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4447512924671173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4267186224460602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compression-ratio","display_name":"Compression ratio","score":0.4117942154407501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3768020570278168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.3460158705711365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.19672748446464539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05530276894569397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198751489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2195","display_name":"JPEG","level":3,"score":0.896031379699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.8431267738342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.7905080318450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7011743783950806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8384606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2190356","display_name":"Lossless JPEG","level":5,"score":0.6677265763282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5366347432136536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.535966157913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.5357097387313843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169805256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361381","display_name":"Transform coding","level":4,"score":0.5003376007080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13481523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412438","display_name":"Image compression","level":4,"score":0.45833829045295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69216139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931783","display_name":"JPEG 2000","level":5,"score":0.4537922441959381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4447512924671173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4267186224460602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25797200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828137","display_name":"Compression ratio","level":3,"score":0.4117942154407501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3768020570278168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3460158705711365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.19672748446464539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05530276894569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511840579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757","display_name":"Internal combustion engine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tifs.2011.2170836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2011.2170836","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61310614","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","issn_l":"1556-6013","issn":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/605826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2158/605826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:2505891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2505891/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1556-6013","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:2505891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2505891/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1556-6013","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200526583","https://openalex.org/W1590481709","https://openalex.org/W1985729543","https://openalex.org/W2070040249","https://openalex.org/W2071018220","https://openalex.org/W2111280862","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2123889042","https://openalex.org/W2130225759","https://openalex.org/W2136986582","https://openalex.org/W2142694135","https://openalex.org/W2154708688","https://openalex.org/W2155319953","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6668164699","https://openalex.org/W6676669043","https://openalex.org/W6682994687"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3190486427","https://openalex.org/W4243959093","https://openalex.org/W1998280942","https://openalex.org/W2441603424","https://openalex.org/W1992410481","https://openalex.org/W2145138541","https://openalex.org/W1980149576","https://openalex.org/W2026465795","https://openalex.org/W3137515556","https://openalex.org/W4385625475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,26,69,93,126],"simple":[4,70],"yet":[5],"reliable":[6],"algorithm":[7],"to":[8,48,82,92,103,124],"detect":[9],"the":[10,31,35,43,49,52,58,98,106,110,114,118],"presence":[11],"of":[12,34,51,113,117,130],"nonaligned":[13],"double":[14],"JPEG":[15,54,120],"compression":[16],"(NA-JPEG)":[17],"in":[18],"compressed":[19],"images":[20,76],"is":[21,45,61,101],"proposed.":[22],"The":[23],"method":[24],"evaluates":[25],"single":[27],"feature":[28,60],"based":[29],"on":[30,65,86],"integer":[32],"periodicity":[33],"blockwise":[36],"discrete":[37],"cosine":[38],"transform":[39],"(DCT)":[40],"coefficients":[41],"when":[42],"DCT":[44],"computed":[46,62],"according":[47],"grid":[50,107],"previous":[53],"compression.":[55],"Even":[56],"if":[57],"proposed":[59,99],"relying":[63],"only":[64],"DC":[66,115],"coefficient":[67,116],"statistics,":[68],"threshold":[71],"detector":[72],"can":[73],"classify":[74],"NA-JPEG":[75],"with":[77,80],"improved":[78],"accuracy":[79],"respect":[81],"existing":[83],"methods":[84],"and":[85,109],"smaller":[87],"image":[88],"sizes,":[89],"without":[90],"resorting":[91],"properly":[94],"trained":[95],"classifier.":[96],"Moreover,":[97],"scheme":[100],"able":[102],"accurately":[104],"estimate":[105],"shift":[108],"quantization":[111],"step":[112],"primary":[119],"compression,":[121],"allowing":[122],"one":[123],"perform":[125],"more":[127],"detailed":[128],"analysis":[129],"possibly":[131],"forged":[132],"images.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}