{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130548424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2026.3658729","title":"Inverter-Rating-Reduction Design Methodology of Hybrid-Variable-Flux PM Machine Considering Re- and Demagnetizing Current Balance","display_name":"Inverter-Rating-Reduction Design Methodology of Hybrid-Variable-Flux PM Machine Considering Re- and Demagnetizing Current Balance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130548424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2026.3658729"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2026.3658729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2026.3658729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078369261","display_name":"Dabin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-232X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dabin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-232X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-5574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-5574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125919029","display_name":"Chenggang Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70908550","display_name":"Anhui Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/041sj0284","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70908550"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenggang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2691-2485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70908550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126363961","display_name":"Chen Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70908550","display_name":"Anhui Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/041sj0284","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70908550"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8831-5984","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70908550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3301-3740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4510145","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03q0t9252","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3301-3740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126445123","display_name":"Li Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-1464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126390235","display_name":"Heyun Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heyun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1605-7493","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126363186","display_name":"Zhuoran Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuoran Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-9328","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334606","display_name":"Liang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-3546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093653","display_name":"Midea Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/006fm2278","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093653"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of High-End Heavy-Load Robots, Midea Group, Foshan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of High-End Heavy-Load Robots, Midea Group, Foshan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093653"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8809-9783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093653","display_name":"Midea Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/006fm2278","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093653"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of High-End Heavy-Load Robots, Midea Group, Foshan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8809-9783","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of High-End Heavy-Load Robots, Midea Group, Foshan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093653"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20759168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"7","first_page":"10427","last_page":"10439"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.019899999722838402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux-leakage","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","score":0.7653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.6488000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.5271999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux","display_name":"Magnetic flux","score":0.5065000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.43950000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-interference","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demagnetizing-field","display_name":"Demagnetizing field","score":0.39719998836517334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20892748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4390394","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","level":3,"score":0.7653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.6488000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.5271999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.5065000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.45509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.43950000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184892835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474513","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","level":2,"score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60434167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255001","display_name":"Demagnetizing field","level":4,"score":0.39719998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.39149999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24214142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118801","display_name":"Magnetic circuit","level":3,"score":0.37290000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138852830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2292993","display_name":"Design methods","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125470083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747288","display_name":"Electromagnetic compatibility","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186394612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098942","display_name":"Optimal design","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984967376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723638","display_name":"Machine design","level":2,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151482245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664150","display_name":"Skin effect","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.2623000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776617710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28454009","display_name":"Permanent magnet motor","level":3,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675","display_name":"Synchronous motor","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131770355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876215","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153056533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1587136","display_name":"Magnetic bearing","level":3,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2026.3658729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2026.3658729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4525030255317688}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1663653100","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2026ZD1609300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G337902775","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20240178","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8980953827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52477037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid-variable-flux":[0],"PM":[1],"machine":[2,119],"(HVF-PMM)":[3],"can":[4,107],"achieve":[5,82],"higher":[6],"flux":[7,27],"regulation":[8],"(FR)":[9],"flexibility":[10],"and":[11,24,94,114,123,138,146,169,197,199,205],"wider":[12],"high-efficiency":[13],"operation":[14],"regions,":[15],"as":[16],"it":[17],"integrates":[18],"both":[19],"variable":[20,25],"magnetization":[21],"state":[22],"(MS)":[23],"leakage":[26,36,130],"(VLF)":[28],"properties.":[29],"However,":[30],"introducing":[31],"the":[32,41,73,78,92,104,112,118,124,129,133,141,154,162,166,171,185,193,200,203,208],"VLF":[33],"property":[34],"via":[35],"bridge":[37],"designs":[38],"inevitably":[39],"increases":[40],"difficulty":[42],"of":[43,72,161,165,192,207],"remagnetizing":[44],"low-coercive-force":[45],"(LCF)":[46],"magnets,":[47],"thereby":[48],"leading":[49],"to":[50,99,152,184],"an":[51,62],"oversized":[52],"inverter":[53,105,180],"rating.":[54],"To":[55,81],"address":[56],"this":[57,59],"issue,":[58],"article":[60],"proposes":[61],"inverter-rating-reduction":[63],"(IRR)":[64],"design":[65,210],"methodology":[66,143],"that":[67],"intentionally":[68],"avoids":[69],"difficult-to-remagnetize":[70],"regions":[71],"LCF":[74],"magnets":[75],"while":[76],"maintaining":[77],"required":[79],"performance.":[80],"this,":[83],"multioperating-mode":[84],"field-circuit":[85],"coupled":[86],"models":[87],"are":[88,97,136],"established,":[89],"in":[90,179],"which":[91,128],"re-":[93,113],"demagnetizing":[95,115],"currents":[96,135],"constrained":[98],"have":[100],"equal":[101],"amplitudes.":[102],"Consequently,":[103],"rating":[106,182],"be":[108],"reduced":[109],"by":[110,127,149],"balancing":[111],"currents.":[116,188],"First,":[117],"configuration,":[120],"FR":[121],"principles,":[122],"underlying":[125],"mechanism":[126],"bridges":[131],"influence":[132],"magnetizing":[134,187],"introduced":[137],"analyzed.":[139],"Then,":[140],"IRR":[142],"is":[144,173,195],"clarified":[145],"detailed,":[147],"followed":[148],"sensitivity-based":[150],"optimization":[151,172],"obtain":[153],"optimal":[155],"design.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"a":[158,176,190],"comparative":[159],"study":[160],"electromagnetic":[163],"characteristics":[164],"HVF-PMM":[167,194],"before":[168],"after":[170],"conducted,":[174],"showing":[175],"28.8%":[177],"reduction":[178],"current":[181],"owing":[183],"balanced":[186],"Finally,":[189],"prototype":[191],"manufactured":[196],"tested,":[198],"results":[201],"validate":[202],"effectiveness":[204],"practicality":[206],"developed":[209],"methodology.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-02-20T00:00:00"}
