{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124981900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3645414","title":"Physics-Embedded Neural ODEs for Sim-to-Real Edge Digital Twins of Hybrid Power Electronics Systems","display_name":"Physics-Embedded Neural ODEs for Sim-to-Real Edge Digital Twins of Hybrid Power Electronics Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124981900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3645414"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3645414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3645414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jialin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2440-9858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jialin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2440-9858","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427195","display_name":"Haoyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-3558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, UT Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-3558","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, UT Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078230663","display_name":"Yangbin Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-9048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangbin Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-9048","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123447318","display_name":"Di Mou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Mou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-6022","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4968-2722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4968-2722","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123432238","display_name":"Hong Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8117-8980","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065430608","display_name":"Sara V\u00e1zquez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Vazquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Engineering Department, University of Seville, 41092, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7438-8904","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Engineering Department, University of Seville, 41092, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037393136","display_name":"Leopoldo G. Franquelo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-9747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leopoldo G. Franquelo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Engineering Department, University of Seville, 41092, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-9747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Engineering Department, University of Seville, 41092, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.2082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98135073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"6","first_page":"8616","last_page":"8627"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.5662999749183655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.5662999749183655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.19419999420642853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.029600000008940697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-fidelity","display_name":"High fidelity","score":0.5393000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ode","display_name":"Ode","score":0.5024999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-electronics","display_name":"Power electronics","score":0.4846999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4528000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.45249998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.37529999017715454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113364801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26674","display_name":"High fidelity","level":2,"score":0.5393000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34862557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178985","display_name":"Ode","level":2,"score":0.5024999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178911571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593143","display_name":"Power electronics","level":3,"score":0.4846999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4674000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4528000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.45249998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3831999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158411068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720568","display_name":"Digital control","level":2,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81843906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173156","display_name":"Digital electronics","level":3,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50897621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665508","display_name":"Hybrid system","level":2,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3458999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.31040000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3059000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112505250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787116","display_name":"Automaton","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50661577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901831","display_name":"Time-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779570065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754137","display_name":"Leading edge","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3645414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3645414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1968929118","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52237008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5849047249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52577197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488653071","https://openalex.org/W2074886576","https://openalex.org/W2087465251","https://openalex.org/W2173376167","https://openalex.org/W2884957744","https://openalex.org/W3017138732","https://openalex.org/W3102168924","https://openalex.org/W3198681184","https://openalex.org/W3205237004","https://openalex.org/W4210362238","https://openalex.org/W4285113420","https://openalex.org/W4285145088","https://openalex.org/W4285240842","https://openalex.org/W4285817779","https://openalex.org/W4293145842","https://openalex.org/W4312297486","https://openalex.org/W4312629386","https://openalex.org/W4320713280","https://openalex.org/W4323022500","https://openalex.org/W4324291204","https://openalex.org/W4386321841","https://openalex.org/W4388860681","https://openalex.org/W4389352354","https://openalex.org/W4390075187","https://openalex.org/W4392694057","https://openalex.org/W4410809675","https://openalex.org/W4412171106"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Edge":[0],"digital":[1,29,120],"twins":[2,121],"(EDTs)":[3],"deployed":[4],"around":[5],"power":[6],"electronics":[7],"systems":[8],"can":[9],"significantly":[10,148],"enhance":[11],"the":[12,17,109,135],"monitoring":[13],"and":[14,31,54,89,151,158,168],"control":[15,170],"of":[16,137],"systems.":[18,33],"However,":[19],"they":[20],"are":[21],"usually":[22],"resource-constrained":[23],"but":[24],"require":[25],"high":[26],"fidelity":[27],"between":[28],"models":[30],"real":[32],"With":[34],"limited":[35],"computing":[36],"resources,":[37],"existing":[38],"event-or-data-driven":[39],"modeling":[40],"methods":[41],"implemented":[42,133],"on":[43,108,134],"EDTs":[44],"fail":[45],"to":[46,58,82,96,113,118,125],"comprehensively":[47],"capture":[48],"hybrid":[49],"dynamics":[50],"(i.e.,":[51],"continuous":[52,84],"modes":[53],"mode":[55,88,99],"transitions),":[56],"leading":[57],"safety":[59],"risks.":[60],"To":[61],"address":[62],"these":[63],"challenges,":[64],"this":[65],"article":[66],"proposes":[67],"a":[68,78,138],"physics-embedded":[69],"neural":[70,90],"ordinary":[71],"differential":[72],"equation":[73],"(PENODE)":[74],"framework":[75,110,130],"that":[76,145],"includes":[77],"multimode":[79],"event":[80],"automata":[81],"model":[83,97],"operation":[85],"for":[86],"each":[87],"networks":[91],"with":[92,101],"prior":[93],"physics":[94],"knowledge":[95],"discrete":[98],"switching":[100],"great":[102],"accuracy.":[103],"A":[104],"deployment":[105],"workflow":[106],"based":[107],"is":[111],"designed":[112],"provide":[114],"an":[115],"effective":[116],"guideline":[117],"transfer":[119],"(DTs)":[122],"from":[123],"cloud":[124],"edge.":[126],"The":[127],"proposed":[128],"PENODE":[129,146],"has":[131],"been":[132],"EDT":[136],"high-frequency":[139],"dc\u2013dc":[140],"converter.":[141],"Experimental":[142],"results":[143],"verify":[144],"achieves":[147],"higher":[149],"accuracy":[150],"largely":[152],"reduced":[153],"resources":[154],"across":[155],"white-box,":[156],"gray-box,":[157],"black-box":[159],"benchmarks,":[160],"validating":[161],"its":[162],"physical":[163],"interpretability,":[164],"efficient":[165],"edge":[166],"deployment,":[167],"real-time":[169],"enhancement.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-08T08:33:18.762332","created_date":"2026-01-21T00:00:00"}