{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414230196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3594451","title":"A Three-Degree-of-Freedom Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor With Biased Permanent Magnets","display_name":"A Three-Degree-of-Freedom Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor With Biased Permanent Magnets","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414230196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3594451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3594451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3594451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100693177","display_name":"Zeyuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9326-8898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zeyuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9326-8898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7197-7509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7197-7509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054520688","display_name":"Jun Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4574-1692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4574-1692","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045723312","display_name":"Xiaoyuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9918-9796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018263800","display_name":"Huzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mvpxy20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018263800"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087590","display_name":"Huzhou Vocational and Technical College","ror":"https://ror.org/002hfez23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087590"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Huzhou College, Huzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9918-9796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Huzhou College, Huzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018263800","https://openalex.org/I4210087590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100693177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22876674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"1","first_page":"265","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12898","display_name":"Induction Heating and Inverter Technology","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switched-reluctance-motor","display_name":"Switched reluctance motor","score":0.7512000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.707099974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levitation","display_name":"Levitation","score":0.6359000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.5995000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.5748000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-levitation","display_name":"Magnetic levitation","score":0.555400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.5386999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.4943999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.4814999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12090584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4107232","display_name":"Switched reluctance motor","level":3,"score":0.7512000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.707099974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27838914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740997","display_name":"Levitation","level":3,"score":0.6359000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.5995000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.5748000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206736587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061251","display_name":"Magnetic levitation","level":3,"score":0.555400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.5386999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.4943999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.4814999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4593000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90172651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142883","display_name":"Reluctance motor","level":4,"score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4307999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.40560001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777718703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723706","display_name":"Machine control","level":2,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123844309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5358002","display_name":"Electrodynamic suspension","level":5,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153056533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1587136","display_name":"Magnetic bearing","level":3,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81063470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256787","display_name":"Rotational speed","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25009002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7280257","display_name":"Radial Force Variation","level":2,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173161252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435839","display_name":"AC motor","level":3,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24214142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118801","display_name":"Magnetic circuit","level":3,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176871988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72313","display_name":"Electric motor","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776617710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28454009","display_name":"Permanent magnet motor","level":3,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106997767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178032","display_name":"Electromagnet","level":3,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3594451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3594451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G365915547","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52377061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4213743963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52477055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011707388","https://openalex.org/W2026397828","https://openalex.org/W2046020329","https://openalex.org/W2062324543","https://openalex.org/W2134882472","https://openalex.org/W2155719223","https://openalex.org/W2240614443","https://openalex.org/W2966741543","https://openalex.org/W3111217152","https://openalex.org/W3135011154","https://openalex.org/W3139073724","https://openalex.org/W3204426975","https://openalex.org/W4285205101","https://openalex.org/W4293704415","https://openalex.org/W4297384399","https://openalex.org/W4323767278","https://openalex.org/W4367400353","https://openalex.org/W4386038402","https://openalex.org/W4391582588","https://openalex.org/W4392667095","https://openalex.org/W4394564311","https://openalex.org/W4395471125","https://openalex.org/W4401634143","https://openalex.org/W4402040026","https://openalex.org/W4402777373"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"traditional":[1],"bearingless":[2],"switched":[3],"reluctance":[4],"motor":[5],"(BSRM)":[6],"can":[7],"only":[8],"achieve":[9],"two-degree-of-freedom":[10],"(2DOF)":[11],"radial":[12,38,82,104,108],"levitation":[13],"of":[14,56,77],"its":[15,41],"rotor":[16],"shaft.":[17],"In":[18],"this":[19,57,91],"article,":[20],"an":[21,112],"18/16-pole":[22],"three-DOF":[23],"(3DOF)":[24],"BSRM":[25,59,128],"with":[26],"biased":[27],"permanent":[28],"magnets":[29],"(PMs)":[30],"are":[31,44,60],"proposed,":[32],"which":[33],"allows":[34],"both":[35],"axial":[36,84,113,117],"and":[37,40,67,86,111,131],"levitation,":[39],"suspended":[42,64],"windings":[43],"driven":[45],"by":[46,62],"a":[47,73,103,125],"four-phase":[48],"five-bridge-arm":[49],"power":[50],"inverter.":[51],"First,":[52],"the":[53,63,96],"decoupled":[54],"characteristics":[55],"3DOF":[58,127],"proved":[61],"force":[65,109,118],"model":[66],"3-D":[68],"finite":[69],"element":[70],"analysis.":[71],"Second,":[72],"control":[74,110,119],"scheme":[75],"consisting":[76],"three":[78],"independent":[79],"channels":[80],"for":[81,90,107,116,133],"force,":[83,85],"torque":[87],"is":[88,129],"designed":[89],"motor.":[92],"Then,":[93],"based":[94],"on":[95],"space":[97],"vector":[98],"pulse":[99],"width":[100],"modulation":[101],"(SVPWM),":[102],"current":[105,114],"algorithm":[106,115],"have":[120],"been":[121],"developed,":[122],"respectively.":[123],"Finally,":[124],"PM-biased":[126],"prototyped":[130],"tested":[132],"experimental":[134],"validation.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-31T23:11:33.660297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}