{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410615803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3566764","title":"Theory and Experiment on Adaptive Group Time-Varying Formation Tracking Control for Unmanned Swarm Systems via Networked Game","display_name":"Theory and Experiment on Adaptive Group Time-Varying Formation Tracking Control for Unmanned Swarm Systems via Networked Game","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410615803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3566764"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3566764","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3566764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009893159","display_name":"Yongzhao Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-0795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongzhao Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence (Institute of Artificial Intelligence), Beihang University, Beijing, PR China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-0795","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence (Institute of Artificial Intelligence), Beihang University, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255","https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074273667","display_name":"Peixuan Shu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-5975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peixuan Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-5975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101635356","display_name":"C. Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8956-142X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenxi Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8956-142X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078316510","display_name":"Xiwang Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4778-248X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiwang Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Unmanned System, School of Artificial Intelligence (Institute of Artificial Intelligence), School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China","Institute of Unmanned System, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4778-248X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Unmanned System, School of Artificial Intelligence (Institute of Artificial Intelligence), School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Unmanned System, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027725400","display_name":"Jinhu L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0275-8387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhu L\u00fc","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0275-8387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103232173","display_name":"Danwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3400-0079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3400-0079","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6943,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94918834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"12","first_page":"14147","last_page":"14155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.930899977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.9235000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.6206667423248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.572454571723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5655319094657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5217212438583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4897911548614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.4871899485588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.48232147097587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.42547282576560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4206574559211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24908727407455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1950187087059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1494835913181305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07713428139686584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.6206667423248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.572454571723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5655319094657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5217212438583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4897911548614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.4871899485588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.48232147097587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.42547282576560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4206574559211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24908727407455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1950187087059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1494835913181305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07713428139686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3566764","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3566764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/217803","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/217803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G626690402","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62473029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6516638202","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62403038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6864184508","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62473027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G859554995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2241217","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038896449","https://openalex.org/W2144849249","https://openalex.org/W2499597001","https://openalex.org/W2508148686","https://openalex.org/W2518861319","https://openalex.org/W2529002166","https://openalex.org/W2614186282","https://openalex.org/W2754300070","https://openalex.org/W2805316908","https://openalex.org/W2909077198","https://openalex.org/W2940830480","https://openalex.org/W2962910407","https://openalex.org/W3000279018","https://openalex.org/W3135849581","https://openalex.org/W3153809019","https://openalex.org/W3158246150","https://openalex.org/W3203410247","https://openalex.org/W3216879630","https://openalex.org/W4211201154","https://openalex.org/W4226362429","https://openalex.org/W4309495333","https://openalex.org/W4319865621","https://openalex.org/W4319996543","https://openalex.org/W4361220146","https://openalex.org/W4377231560","https://openalex.org/W4385453643","https://openalex.org/W4385732534","https://openalex.org/W4386124296","https://openalex.org/W4387789910","https://openalex.org/W4391547672","https://openalex.org/W4393184778","https://openalex.org/W4394966820","https://openalex.org/W4396542141","https://openalex.org/W4401983904","https://openalex.org/W4402215857","https://openalex.org/W4406259189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4288714711","https://openalex.org/W3200708550","https://openalex.org/W2736680465","https://openalex.org/W2771637876","https://openalex.org/W4294093918","https://openalex.org/W4240853094","https://openalex.org/W2810496283","https://openalex.org/W2170656329","https://openalex.org/W3131977017","https://openalex.org/W3205823858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,70],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"adaptive":[3,34,75],"group":[4,35,61],"time-varying":[5],"formation":[6],"tracking":[7],"(TVFT)":[8],"control":[9,37],"problems":[10],"for":[11],"unmanned":[12,118,123],"swarm":[13,110],"systems":[14],"are":[15,44,135],"investigated":[16],"based":[17],"on":[18,82],"networked":[19],"distributed":[20],"game.":[21],"To":[22],"describe":[23],"the":[24,42,49,57,74,77,104,107,139,142],"competition":[25],"which":[26],"commonly":[27],"exists":[28],"between":[29],"different":[30],"subgroups,":[31],"a":[32],"novel":[33],"TVFT":[36,65,102],"framework":[38],"is":[39,90,112,127],"designed.":[40],"Specifically,":[41],"group-leaders":[43],"required":[45],"to":[46,48,67,137],"converge":[47],"Nash":[50],"equilibrium":[51],"(NE)":[52],"of":[53,79,106,141],"intergroup":[54],"game,":[55],"meanwhile":[56],"followers":[58],"within":[59],"each":[60],"will":[62],"simultaneously":[63],"realize":[64],"relative":[66],"their":[68],"group-leader.":[69],"addition,":[71],"benefit":[72],"from":[73],"mechanism,":[76],"dependence":[78],"controller":[80],"parameters":[81],"system":[83,111],"scale,":[84],"interaction":[85],"topology,":[86],"and":[87,101,122,132],"cost":[88],"function":[89,95],"eliminated.":[91],"By":[92],"constructing":[93],"Lyapunov":[94],"with":[96,117],"both":[97,130],"NE":[98],"seeking":[99],"error":[100],"error,":[103],"stability":[105],"coupled":[108],"closed-loop":[109],"proved.":[113],"An":[114],"experiment":[115,133],"platform":[116],"aerial":[119],"vehicles":[120,125],"(UAVs)":[121],"ground":[124],"(UGVs)":[126],"constructed,":[128],"then":[129],"simulation":[131],"results":[134],"provided":[136],"demonstrate":[138],"effectiveness":[140],"proposed":[143],"controller.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}