{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407566503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3536561","title":"Passivity-Based Control for the Stability of Grid-Forming Multi-inverter Power Stations","display_name":"Passivity-Based Control for the Stability of Grid-Forming Multi-inverter Power Stations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407566503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3536561"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3536561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3536561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779629","display_name":"Ming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2743","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087985336","display_name":"Enjun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6304-1312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enjun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6304-1312","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002397251","display_name":"Hua Geng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-6731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Geng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-6731","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yongtao Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3667-2098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongtao Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3667-2098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9076-6939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9076-6939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100399159","display_name":"Xing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-7463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-7463","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2655,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.952116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"9","first_page":"9117","last_page":"9127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14502","display_name":"High-Voltage Power Transmission Systems","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passivity","display_name":"Passivity","score":0.8964961767196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.5754708051681519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5373718738555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.5293266177177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5197755694389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.494448184967041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4596729874610901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4509793817996979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.44905734062194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3493618965148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.34721821546554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.31967800855636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.11960020661354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.105669766664505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.101125568151474}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778809601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045736","display_name":"Passivity","level":2,"score":0.8964961767196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.5754708051681519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5373718738555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.5293266177177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5197755694389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.494448184967041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4596729874610901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4509793817996979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44905734062194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3493618965148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.34721821546554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.31967800855636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.11960020661354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.105669766664505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.101125568151474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3536561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2025.3536561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2860409723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JZ2024HGTB0259","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3654320526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2166601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5818003065","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52207211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501550702","https://openalex.org/W1983379412","https://openalex.org/W2000591741","https://openalex.org/W2027238669","https://openalex.org/W2037341804","https://openalex.org/W2045803626","https://openalex.org/W2079261605","https://openalex.org/W2110441245","https://openalex.org/W2125328931","https://openalex.org/W2125359666","https://openalex.org/W2587967872","https://openalex.org/W2901208969","https://openalex.org/W2907850829","https://openalex.org/W2961491071","https://openalex.org/W2983613102","https://openalex.org/W3103623309","https://openalex.org/W3110300776","https://openalex.org/W3116412054","https://openalex.org/W3118736260","https://openalex.org/W3167765494","https://openalex.org/W4225693124","https://openalex.org/W4226444368","https://openalex.org/W4281250402","https://openalex.org/W4312741172","https://openalex.org/W4313184720","https://openalex.org/W4365130517","https://openalex.org/W4387717433","https://openalex.org/W4387917926","https://openalex.org/W4389352580","https://openalex.org/W4390659183"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4233304828","https://openalex.org/W4239268637","https://openalex.org/W2952841825","https://openalex.org/W2051296765","https://openalex.org/W1977819874","https://openalex.org/W2960878236","https://openalex.org/W153449849","https://openalex.org/W2098451795","https://openalex.org/W2473698078","https://openalex.org/W2085176909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Existing":[0],"grid-connected":[1],"inverters":[2,90,134],"encounter":[3],"stability":[4,32,57,128,164,188],"issues":[5],"when":[6,88],"facing":[7],"nonlinear":[8,95,100,143,166],"changes":[9,146],"in":[10,92,147,189],"the":[11,31,50,56,59,72,84,99,103,112,120,123,133,159,194],"grid,":[12],"and":[13,33,41,76,80,107,144,150,154,167],"current":[14],"solutions":[15],"struggle":[16],"to":[17,29,74,193],"manage":[18],"complex":[19],"grid":[20,104,148],"environments":[21],"effectively.":[22],"We":[23,118],"propose":[24],"a":[25,136,182],"passivity-based":[26],"control":[27],"strategy":[28],"enhance":[30],"dynamic":[34],"performance":[35],"of":[36,52,58,122,197],"grid-forming":[37],"multi-inverter":[38],"power":[39,78,137,190],"stations":[40],"address":[42],"these":[43],"challenges.":[44],"The":[45,62,94],"inner":[46,113],"loop":[47,64,114],"designed":[48,66],"from":[49],"perspective":[51],"energy":[53],"reshaping,":[54],"ensures":[55,77,131,162],"inverter\u2019s":[60],"output.":[61],"outer":[63],"is":[65],"with":[67,126],"differential":[68],"passivity,":[69],"significantly":[70,170],"enhances":[71],"responsiveness":[73],"disturbances,":[75,169],"sharing":[79],"phase":[81],"synchronization":[82],"without":[83,176],"need":[85],"for":[86,115,185],"communication":[87],"multiple":[89],"operate":[91,140],"parallel.":[93],"disturbance":[96],"observer":[97],"estimates":[98],"disturbances":[101],"at":[102],"connection":[105],"point":[106],"feeds":[108],"this":[109],"information":[110],"into":[111],"parameter":[116],"compensation.":[117],"demonstrate":[119],"passivity":[121],"overall":[124],"controller":[125],"Lyapunov-based":[127],"criteria.":[129],"This":[130,179],"that":[132,158],"within":[135],"station":[138],"can":[139],"stably":[141],"under":[142,165],"random":[145,168],"structure":[149],"parameters.":[151],"Finally,":[152],"experimental":[153],"simulation":[155],"results":[156],"verify":[157],"proposed":[160],"method":[161],"inverter":[163,187],"suppressing":[171],"oscillations":[172],"while":[173],"maintaining":[174],"operation":[175],"steady-state":[177],"errors.":[178],"work":[180],"provides":[181],"feasible":[183],"solution":[184],"enhancing":[186],"stations,":[191],"contributing":[192],"reliable":[195],"integration":[196],"renewable":[198],"energy.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
