{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404179960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2024.3482000","title":"Multivoltage-Vector-Modulation-Based Integrated Direct Torque Control of Dual in-Wheel PM Motors for Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles","display_name":"Multivoltage-Vector-Modulation-Based Integrated Direct Torque Control of Dual in-Wheel PM Motors for Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404179960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2024.3482000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2024.3482000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2024.3482000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091127572","display_name":"Zhaoheng Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1899-0821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047643306","display_name":"Xiaoyong Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-3329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-3329","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088859533","display_name":"Lei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8994-5075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8994-5075","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428822","display_name":"Wen\u2010Hua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3356-2889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Hua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3356-2889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023600479","display_name":"Qiyuan Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiyuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4894-2146","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100673482","display_name":"Li Quan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8574-6319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Quan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8574-6319","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0131,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74213055,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"6","first_page":"5538","last_page":"5548"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.7511076331138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.6633307933807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-control","display_name":"Vector control","score":0.6425161361694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.6092081665992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.5812215805053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5083052515983582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-differential","display_name":"Electronic differential","score":0.5035545229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-motor","display_name":"Torque motor","score":0.47877609729766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.4707425534725189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4551510810852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.44186916947364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.39908918738365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.38424158096313477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36897018551826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21438896656036377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20140933990478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.14109662175178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.13469019532203674}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.7511076331138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.6633307933807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152060993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759392","display_name":"Vector control","level":4,"score":0.6425161361694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6092081665992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.5812215805053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5083052515983582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106613895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151901","display_name":"Electronic differential","level":3,"score":0.5035545229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204054776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2444432","display_name":"Torque motor","level":5,"score":0.47877609729766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.4707425534725189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4551510810852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.44186916947364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.39908918738365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.38424158096313477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36897018551826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21438896656036377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20140933990478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.14109662175178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.13469019532203674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780354894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679300","display_name":"Steering wheel","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2024.3482000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2024.3482000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1298773689","display_name":"\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u9a71\u52a8\u6c38\u78c1\u8f6e\u6bc2\u7535\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u57fa\u7840\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"51937006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606497410","https://openalex.org/W2001929551","https://openalex.org/W2014585456","https://openalex.org/W2019708972","https://openalex.org/W2028476250","https://openalex.org/W2113940120","https://openalex.org/W2137725386","https://openalex.org/W2145486573","https://openalex.org/W2167065479","https://openalex.org/W2312495449","https://openalex.org/W2345026604","https://openalex.org/W2597255011","https://openalex.org/W2736582972","https://openalex.org/W2791190216","https://openalex.org/W2809149939","https://openalex.org/W3046131046","https://openalex.org/W3090792791","https://openalex.org/W3197852435","https://openalex.org/W4206713704","https://openalex.org/W4220747894","https://openalex.org/W4293795225","https://openalex.org/W4296436746","https://openalex.org/W4313855754","https://openalex.org/W4317761472","https://openalex.org/W4320713325","https://openalex.org/W4362653959","https://openalex.org/W4386453700","https://openalex.org/W4387299949","https://openalex.org/W4389725700","https://openalex.org/W4393078883"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808687568","https://openalex.org/W1546878080","https://openalex.org/W2381644008","https://openalex.org/W2336804855","https://openalex.org/W2356164680","https://openalex.org/W2810609448","https://openalex.org/W3043464003","https://openalex.org/W4247153582","https://openalex.org/W2002889590","https://openalex.org/W2098931593"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"improve":[1],"the":[2,7,11,40,51,56,77,88,97,102,105,116,130,135,149,156,159,167],"coordinate":[3],"control":[4,23,98,164],"performance":[5],"of":[6,158],"multiple":[8,25],"motors":[9,83],"in":[10,34,87],"distributed":[12,169],"drive":[13,53,92,111,170],"(DD)":[14],"electric":[15],"vehicle":[16],"(EV)":[17],"system,":[18],"an":[19],"integrated":[20,41,59,64,161],"direct":[21,162],"torque":[22,163],"with":[24,76,138],"voltage":[26],"vector":[27,63],"(MVV)":[28],"modulation":[29,42,60,65,123],"is":[30,85,94,113,119],"developed":[31],"and":[32,48,61,68,90,115,127,143,148],"implemented":[33],"this":[35],"article.":[36],"It":[37],"focuses":[38],"on":[39,101,134],"principle":[43],"considering":[44],"dynamic":[45],"operating":[46],"demands":[47],"interaction":[49],"between":[50],"independent":[52],"wheels,":[54],"where":[55],"frequency":[57],"ratio":[58],"virtual":[62],"are":[66,125,132,152],"proposed":[67,160],"investigated.":[69],"And":[70],"then,":[71],"a":[72],"1/2":[73],"DD":[74,136],"system":[75,112,137],"dual":[78,106],"in-wheel":[79,107,145],"permanent":[80,108],"magnet":[81,109],"(DIW-PM)":[82],"which":[84],"represented":[86],"front":[89],"rear":[91],"wheels":[93],"selected":[95],"as":[96],"example.":[99],"Based":[100],"six-leg":[103],"inverter,":[104],"motor":[110],"established":[114],"mathematic":[117],"model":[118],"derived.":[120],"The":[121],"different":[122,140],"methods":[124],"discussed":[126],"compared.":[128],"Finally,":[129],"experiments":[131],"conducted":[133],"two":[139],"power":[141],"levels":[142],"configurations":[144],"PM":[146],"motors,":[147],"experimental":[150],"results":[151],"presented":[153],"to":[154],"verify":[155],"effectiveness":[157],"method":[165],"for":[166],"EV":[168],"systems.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-21T08:15:58.654021","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
