{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4320713319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2023.3243302","title":"Completely Decentralized Energy Management System for Fuel Cell-Battery-Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System","display_name":"Completely Decentralized Energy Management System for Fuel Cell-Battery-Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4320713319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2023.3243302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2023.3243302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2023.3243302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067911955","display_name":"Qingchao Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2201-4214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingchao Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2201-4214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362821","display_name":"Jiawei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-7234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for More-Electric-Aircraft Power System of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","College of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-7234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for More-Electric-Aircraft Power System of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100332875","display_name":"Jie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-7168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890469752","display_name":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0385nmy68","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for More-Electric-Aircraft Power System of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","College of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-7168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for More-Electric-Aircraft Power System of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5314-4954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5314-4954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067911955"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95046832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"1","first_page":"438","last_page":"449"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10179","display_name":"Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercapacitor","display_name":"Supercapacitor","score":0.7438867092132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.6827903985977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cells","display_name":"Fuel cells","score":0.6497097015380859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.6274504065513611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.6010210514068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4806869924068451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.43291494250297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management-system","display_name":"Energy management system","score":0.4197009205818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4126027226448059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3829411268234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3225691318511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2638944387435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.16802144050598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.14442330598831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10284698009490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.1018902063369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.07616251707077026}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6585489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754523","display_name":"Supercapacitor","level":4,"score":0.7438867092132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.6827903985977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.6497097015380859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.6274504065513611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6010210514068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4806869924068451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.43291494250297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.4197009205818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4126027226448059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3829411268234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3225691318511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2638944387435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.16802144050598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.14442330598831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10284698009490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1018902063369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.07616251707077026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2023.3243302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2023.3243302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3422469818","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51877019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6534609216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62073048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1145043878","https://openalex.org/W2010922597","https://openalex.org/W2044979206","https://openalex.org/W2124811619","https://openalex.org/W2158331908","https://openalex.org/W2166176048","https://openalex.org/W2232335510","https://openalex.org/W2401306548","https://openalex.org/W2422072729","https://openalex.org/W2519259597","https://openalex.org/W2602788788","https://openalex.org/W2624971682","https://openalex.org/W2769708305","https://openalex.org/W2801457173","https://openalex.org/W2888636685","https://openalex.org/W2899007025","https://openalex.org/W2900784759","https://openalex.org/W2970973257","https://openalex.org/W3009698738","https://openalex.org/W3089447058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2749199243","https://openalex.org/W2333017163","https://openalex.org/W2133545517","https://openalex.org/W2352231626","https://openalex.org/W2964681094","https://openalex.org/W2782741053","https://openalex.org/W2577786578","https://openalex.org/W2095135978","https://openalex.org/W1984852161","https://openalex.org/W2896932934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"the":[1,10,22,81,85,88,101,107,110,124,137,147,153,155,160],"fuel":[2],"cell-battery-ultracapacitor":[3],"hybrid":[4],"energy":[5,15,24],"storage":[6],"system":[7,17,102,108,148],"applied":[8],"to":[9,20,79,131],"transportation":[11],"electrification":[12],"system,":[13],"its":[14],"management":[16,25],"(EMS)":[18],"has":[19],"achieve":[21,80],"expected":[23],"objectives,":[26],"including":[27],"dynamic":[28],"load":[29],"power-sharing,":[30],"state-of-charge":[31],"regulation":[32],"of":[33,87,114,126,136,159],"battery":[34],"and":[35,58,157],"ultracapacitor,":[36],"regenerative":[37],"braking":[38],"capability,":[39],"etc.":[40],"Conventionally,":[41],"such":[42],"an":[43],"EMS":[44,90,112,139,162],"is":[45,68,77,104,113,140,150],"achieved":[46,69],"in":[47,54,142],"a":[48,63,72],"centralized":[49],"or":[50,98],"hierarchical":[51],"way,":[52],"resulting":[53],"poor":[55],"flexibility,":[56],"scalability,":[57],"reliability.":[59],"In":[60,152],"this":[61],"article,":[62],"completely":[64],"decentralized":[65,138],"EMS,":[66],"which":[67,146],"based":[70],"on":[71,94],"modified":[73],"mixed":[74],"droop":[75],"control,":[76],"proposed":[78,89,111,161],"above":[82],"objectives.":[83],"As":[84],"implementation":[86],"does":[91],"not":[92],"rely":[93],"any":[95],"communication":[96],"links":[97],"common":[99],"signals,":[100],"cost":[103],"reduced.":[105],"Besides,":[106],"with":[109],"high":[115],"reliability":[116],"as":[117],"it":[118],"can":[119],"still":[120],"operate":[121],"well":[122],"during":[123],"outage":[125],"one":[127],"power":[128],"source":[129],"due":[130],"malfunction.":[132],"The":[133],"operational":[134],"principle":[135],"analyzed":[141],"detail,":[143],"followed":[144],"by":[145,165],"design":[149],"elaborated.":[151],"end,":[154],"feasibility":[156],"effectiveness":[158],"are":[163],"verified":[164],"experimental":[166],"results.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
