{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312975813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3229371","title":"A Soft Variable Stiffness Hand With an Integrated Actuating\u2013Cooling System","display_name":"A Soft Variable Stiffness Hand With an Integrated Actuating\u2013Cooling System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312975813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3229371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2022.3229371","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3229371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100450045","display_name":"Junfeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-5049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junfeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-5049","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107701318","display_name":"Jiahao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6570-7580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024829882","display_name":"Zuqi Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuqi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075307304","display_name":"YongAn Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-8380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"YongAn Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-8380","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8728,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69635139,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"11","first_page":"11464","last_page":"11473"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stiffness","display_name":"Stiffness","score":0.7782922387123108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bending-stiffness","display_name":"Bending stiffness","score":0.446164071559906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.43850597739219666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3996981382369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.38626596331596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.3756943941116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3696361184120178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3554064631462097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.3549076318740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3160507082939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25622814893722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.23776638507843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.21501317620277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21476733684539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.1475522816181183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.1190347671508789}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.7782922387123108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128172907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4887116","display_name":"Bending stiffness","level":3,"score":0.446164071559906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.43850597739219666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3996981382369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.38626596331596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.3756943941116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3696361184120178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3554064631462097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3549076318740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3160507082939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25622814893722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.23776638507843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.21501317620277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21476733684539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.1475522816181183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.1190347671508789}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2022.3229371","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3229371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7203679367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51925503","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W971303027","https://openalex.org/W1965258549","https://openalex.org/W2007924815","https://openalex.org/W2053614949","https://openalex.org/W2078427659","https://openalex.org/W2080551943","https://openalex.org/W2146031911","https://openalex.org/W2520982900","https://openalex.org/W2537541112","https://openalex.org/W2809027915","https://openalex.org/W2908872833","https://openalex.org/W2910900587","https://openalex.org/W2920988037","https://openalex.org/W2943176603","https://openalex.org/W2980978884","https://openalex.org/W3016039917","https://openalex.org/W3024948975","https://openalex.org/W3094904128","https://openalex.org/W3107047895","https://openalex.org/W3207015357"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356120996","https://openalex.org/W2089273937","https://openalex.org/W4285470395","https://openalex.org/W4390617831","https://openalex.org/W4295648183","https://openalex.org/W4389667349","https://openalex.org/W4296405816","https://openalex.org/W932126808","https://openalex.org/W2373586575","https://openalex.org/W2027930536"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"a":[3,11,30,59,148],"new":[4],"soft":[5,122,150],"finger":[6,28,123],"is":[7,56,81,86,113,145,152,172],"presented":[8],"to":[9,42,64,101,115,133,167],"achieve":[10],"fast":[12],"variable":[13,26,72,157],"stiffness":[14,27,33,73,138,158],"mechanism":[15],"using":[16],"polycaprolactone":[17],"based":[18,74,94,140,154],"on":[19,75,95,141,155],"an":[20],"integrated":[21,77],"actuating\u2013cooling":[22,78],"system.":[23],"First,":[24],"the":[25,54,71,76,96,102,108,117,121,126,135,142,156],"demonstrates":[29],"dramatic":[31],"15-fold":[32],"variation":[34],"from":[35,61],"10.2":[36],"\u00d7":[37,44],"10":[38,45],"<sup":[39,46,50],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[40,47,51],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">4</sup>":[41,48],"0.67":[43],"N\u00b7mm":[49],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[52],"when":[53],"temperature":[55],"changed":[57],"in":[58,107],"range":[60],"20":[62],"\u00b0C":[63],"60":[65],"\u00b0C.":[66],"The":[67],"cycle":[68],"time":[69],"of":[70,91,105,120,125,180],"hydraulic":[79],"system":[80],"approximately":[82],"505":[83],"s,":[84],"which":[85,162,171],"much":[87],"shorter":[88],"than":[89,174],"that":[90],"3870":[92],"s":[93],"pneumatic":[97],"method.":[98],"Second,":[99],"due":[100],"varied":[103],"weight":[104,179],"water":[106],"chamber,":[109],"Cosserat":[110,143],"rod":[111],"theory":[112],"used":[114],"model":[116,144],"bending":[118],"shape":[119],"instead":[124],"constant":[127],"curvature":[128],"model.":[129],"A":[130],"feasible":[131],"method":[132],"control":[134],"position":[136],"and":[137,159],"simultaneously":[139],"presented.":[146],"Finally,":[147],"three-fingered":[149],"hand":[151],"fabricated":[153],"self-locking":[160],"method,":[161],"can":[163],"hold":[164],"objects":[165],"up":[166],"3560":[168],"g":[169],"successfully,":[170],"more":[173],"5.2":[175],"times":[176],"its":[177],"own":[178],"680":[181],"g.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
