{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312887265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3227263","title":"Optimized Switching Frequency Voltage Balancing Schemes for Flying Capacitor Based Multilevel Converters","display_name":"Optimized Switching Frequency Voltage Balancing Schemes for Flying Capacitor Based Multilevel Converters","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312887265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3227263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2022.3227263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3227263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064536956","display_name":"Javad Ebrahimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4729-8479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javad Ebrahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4729-8479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005690593","display_name":"Shima Shahnooshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-2481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shima Shahnooshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085894154","display_name":"Suzan Eren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1734-1587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suzan Eren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1734-1587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112507957","display_name":"Hamidreza Karshenas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170013655","display_name":"Isfahan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00af3sa43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamidreza Karshenas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-2059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052035878","display_name":"Alireza Bakhshai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1479-6420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Bakhshai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1479-6420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88497273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"11","first_page":"10775","last_page":"10788"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.8321964740753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.8225105404853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.6748522520065308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6402381658554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5058119297027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.4788748621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4769422113895416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43043094873428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.38883650302886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.19615468382835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.05239135026931763}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.8321964740753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.8225105404853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.6748522520065308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6402381658554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5058119297027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.4788748621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4769422113895416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43043094873428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.38883650302886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19615468382835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.05239135026931763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2022.3227263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3227263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319004","display_name":"Ontario Centre of Innovation","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970887339","https://openalex.org/W2066003934","https://openalex.org/W2343994518","https://openalex.org/W2768416719","https://openalex.org/W2806451602","https://openalex.org/W2889862733","https://openalex.org/W2967064190","https://openalex.org/W2982015771","https://openalex.org/W2989550445","https://openalex.org/W2997240779","https://openalex.org/W3007572420","https://openalex.org/W3045264364","https://openalex.org/W3046522690","https://openalex.org/W3082003379","https://openalex.org/W3089961361","https://openalex.org/W3109347967","https://openalex.org/W3133167433","https://openalex.org/W3162229420","https://openalex.org/W3177480496","https://openalex.org/W3191597853","https://openalex.org/W3196209085","https://openalex.org/W4285289925","https://openalex.org/W4297094417","https://openalex.org/W4312999961","https://openalex.org/W6848478377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W631083485","https://openalex.org/W4313452936","https://openalex.org/W2097026685","https://openalex.org/W2480068220","https://openalex.org/W2070883797","https://openalex.org/W4386859288","https://openalex.org/W2102542442","https://openalex.org/W1986220761","https://openalex.org/W2161636646","https://openalex.org/W2356735381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,137],"redundant":[1],"switching":[2,28,32,47,68,72,86,115],"states":[3,73],"of":[4,16,74,85,100,117,145,156],"flying":[5,18,57,101],"capacitor-based":[6],"(FC-based)":[7],"multilevel":[8,52,135],"converters":[9],"are":[10,78,109],"used":[11],"to":[12,21,96,111],"balance":[13,22,97],"the":[14,17,27,55,67,71,81,98,113,118,123,154,157,161],"voltages":[15,24,99],"capacitors.":[19,102],"Attempts":[20],"capacitor":[23,58],"have":[25],"ignored":[26],"transitions":[29,69],"between":[30,70],"converter":[31],"states.":[33],"In":[34,88],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"we":[37],"propose":[38],"a":[39,146],"generalized":[40],"voltage":[41,76],"balancing":[42],"scheme":[43,49,127,139],"with":[44],"an":[45,90],"optimized":[46],"frequency":[48],"for":[50,133],"FC-based":[51,134],"converters,":[53],"including":[54],"classic":[56],"multicell":[59],"(FCM)":[60],"converter,":[61],"which":[62],"needs":[63],"less":[64],"computation.":[65],"All":[66],"adjacent":[75],"levels":[77],"considered":[79],"by":[80,142],"overall":[82,91],"priority":[83,92],"index":[84,93],"frequency.":[87],"addition,":[89],"is":[94,128,140],"utilized":[95],"Using":[103,120],"these":[104,121],"two":[105],"indexes,":[106],"three":[107],"criteria":[108],"developed":[110],"select":[112],"proper":[114],"state":[116],"converter.":[119,149],"criteria,":[122],"proposed":[124,138,158],"decoupled":[125],"SVM":[126],"implemented":[129],"intuitively":[130],"and":[131,164],"simply":[132],"converters.":[136],"evaluated":[141],"simulation":[143],"results":[144,152],"five-level":[147],"FCM":[148],"Moreover,":[150],"experimental":[151],"demonstrate":[153],"robustness":[155],"method":[159],"in":[160],"static":[162],"load":[163],"transient":[165],"conditions.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}