{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312942563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3224133","title":"Novel High-Order-Harmonic Toroidal Winding Design Approach for Double-Sided Vernier Reluctance Linear Machine","display_name":"Novel High-Order-Harmonic Toroidal Winding Design Approach for Double-Sided Vernier Reluctance Linear Machine","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312942563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3224133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2022.3224133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3224133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/195695/1/Novel_High_Order_Harmonic_Toroidal_Winding_Design_Approach_for_Double_Sided_Vernier_Reluctance_Linear_Machine.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101460140","display_name":"Zhenghao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-8773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenghao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-8773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080543731","display_name":"Xing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-0446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-0446","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, York, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068246264","display_name":"Shuangxia Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-616X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuangxia Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-616X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3252,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79925571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"10","first_page":"9823","last_page":"9834"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.6976746916770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/armature","display_name":"Armature (electrical engineering)","score":0.6802780032157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.6455843448638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vernier-scale","display_name":"Vernier scale","score":0.5544080138206482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrust","display_name":"Thrust","score":0.5480471253395081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.530647873878479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-analysis","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","score":0.5106213688850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-loss","display_name":"Copper loss","score":0.5022068023681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-density","display_name":"Torque density","score":0.4961467683315277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-reluctance","display_name":"Magnetic reluctance","score":0.4836021959781647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.45499593019485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.44157400727272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4265434145927429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.35659193992614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32613855600357056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.30603206157684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.2988649308681488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.25557586550712585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.1900525689125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.11473104357719421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.6976746916770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93671265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557042","display_name":"Armature (electrical engineering)","level":3,"score":0.6802780032157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.6455843448638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69710193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14946576","display_name":"Vernier scale","level":2,"score":0.5544080138206482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79420006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533668","display_name":"Thrust","level":2,"score":0.5480471253395081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.530647873878479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131770355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876215","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","level":2,"score":0.5106213688850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61906436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225223","display_name":"Copper loss","level":3,"score":0.5022068023681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780932299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826794","display_name":"Torque density","level":3,"score":0.4961467683315277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197993065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863390","display_name":"Magnetic reluctance","level":3,"score":0.4836021959781647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.45499593019485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.44157400727272034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4265434145927429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35659193992614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32613855600357056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.30603206157684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2988649308681488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.25557586550712585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.1900525689125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.11473104357719421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2022.3224133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2022.3224133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:195695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-0446>","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/195695/1/Novel_High_Order_Harmonic_Toroidal_Winding_Design_Approach_for_Double_Sided_Vernier_Reluctance_Linear_Machine.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:195695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-0446>","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/195695/1/Novel_High_Order_Harmonic_Toroidal_Winding_Design_Approach_for_Double_Sided_Vernier_Reluctance_Linear_Machine.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2390716590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"152143/18E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3419827668","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"152109/20E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G36840857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52077187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3851018016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"152109/20E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329815","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Government"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4302910276","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PolyU 152143/18E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329815","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Government"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4740853732","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"152143/18E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5247817185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PolyU 152109/20E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329815","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Government"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7262783876","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PolyU 152143/18E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7456368225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"152109/20E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329815","display_name":"Hong Kong Government","ror":"https://ror.org/034179816"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312942563.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312942563.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019461392","https://openalex.org/W2156885849","https://openalex.org/W2315727465","https://openalex.org/W2578055773","https://openalex.org/W2582613297","https://openalex.org/W2612500319","https://openalex.org/W2741810071","https://openalex.org/W2748381149","https://openalex.org/W2790252727","https://openalex.org/W2790850955","https://openalex.org/W2806622857","https://openalex.org/W2807371961","https://openalex.org/W2920043220","https://openalex.org/W2946271084","https://openalex.org/W3007288464","https://openalex.org/W3095250127","https://openalex.org/W3109280130","https://openalex.org/W3140720851","https://openalex.org/W3156337134","https://openalex.org/W3196063272","https://openalex.org/W4210811669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085620748","https://openalex.org/W1510416911","https://openalex.org/W2913895051","https://openalex.org/W2062190150","https://openalex.org/W2170987467","https://openalex.org/W4366377780","https://openalex.org/W2899219710","https://openalex.org/W1548517846","https://openalex.org/W4386414113","https://openalex.org/W2546907813"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69],"double-sided":[1],"dc":[2,42,93],"Vernier":[3],"reluctance":[4],"linear":[5],"machine":[6,175],"(DS-DC-VRLM)":[7],"is":[8,67,71],"very":[9],"suitable":[10],"for":[11,152,166],"long-stroke":[12],"industrial":[13],"processing":[14],"applications,":[15],"taking":[16],"advantage":[17],"of":[18,41,56,80,139,172,185],"its":[19,30,142],"magnet-free":[20],"design,":[21],"eliminated":[22],"magnetic":[23],"pull,":[24],"and":[25,88,141,161],"high":[26],"dynamic":[27],"response.":[28],"However,":[29],"low":[31],"thrust":[32,54,119],"force":[33,55,120],"density":[34],"due":[35],"to":[36,50,96,181],"the":[37,52,57,73,103,108,128,170,183],"poor":[38],"excitation":[39],"ability":[40],"windings":[43],"has":[44],"been":[45],"a":[46,59,135],"long-existing":[47],"bottleneck.":[48],"Aiming":[49],"boost":[51],"output":[53],"DS-DC-VRLM,":[58],"novel":[60],"high-order":[61],"harmonic":[62],"nonoverlapped":[63],"toroidal":[64],"winding":[65,76,99,110,126,137],"design":[66,111,150],"proposed.":[68],"key":[70],"that":[72],"proposed":[74,109,174],"armature":[75],"makes":[77],"full":[78],"use":[79],"working":[81],"harmonics":[82,90],"modulated":[83],"from":[84],"both":[85],"fundamental":[86],"order":[87],"third-order":[89],"generated":[91],"by":[92,178],"excitations,":[94],"contributing":[95],"an":[97],"enhanced":[98],"factor.":[100],"Based":[101],"on":[102],"finite-element":[104],"analysis":[105],"(FEA),":[106],"with":[107,123,148],"approach,":[112],"DS-DC-VRLM":[113,140],"could":[114],"achieve":[115],"2.26":[116],"times":[117],"higher":[118],"than":[121],"those":[122],"conventional":[124],"concentrated":[125],"under":[127],"same":[129],"copper":[130],"loss.":[131],"In":[132],"this":[133,173],"article,":[134],"new":[136],"arrangement":[138],"operation":[143],"principle":[144],"are":[145,176],"introduced,":[146],"along":[147],"some":[149],"considerations":[151],"it,":[153],"such":[154],"as":[155],"slot/pole":[156],"combinations,":[157],"dc/ac":[158],"current":[159],"distributions,":[160],"extra":[162],"end":[163],"teeth":[164],"dimensions":[165],"performance":[167],"improvement.":[168],"Finally,":[169],"performances":[171],"evaluated":[177],"prototype":[179],"experiments":[180],"verify":[182],"correctness":[184],"FEA":[186],"simulation":[187],"results.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}