{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3193402779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3104583","title":"Design and Analysis of a Novel Permanent Magnet Homopolar Inductor Machine With Mechanical Flux Modulator for Flywheel Energy Storage System","display_name":"Design and Analysis of a Novel Permanent Magnet Homopolar Inductor Machine With Mechanical Flux Modulator for Flywheel Energy Storage System","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3193402779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3104583","mag":"3193402779"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3104583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3104583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078089263","display_name":"Jiangtao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-2632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiangtao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-2632","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404005","display_name":"Qing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-7201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-7201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068705108","display_name":"Shoudao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-9605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shoudao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-9605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085136469","display_name":"Caiyong Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3111-0870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caiyong Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3111-0870","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778306","display_name":"Ping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2026-122X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2026-122X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033219445","display_name":"Bo Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2779-8369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436079","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-0710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-0710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078089263"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2368,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88216571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"8","first_page":"7744","last_page":"7755"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flywheel","display_name":"Flywheel","score":0.7326758503913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.6688939929008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductor","display_name":"Inductor","score":0.6457004547119141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homopolar-motor","display_name":"Homopolar motor","score":0.6417072415351868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flywheel-energy-storage","display_name":"Flywheel energy storage","score":0.6121525168418884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux","display_name":"Magnetic flux","score":0.5140193700790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.5137873291969299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4780462384223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counter-electromotive-force","display_name":"Counter-electromotive force","score":0.4531557559967041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.45147010684013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.44392409920692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-circuit","display_name":"Magnetic circuit","score":0.4112567901611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.40147262811660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.3949197232723236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3809770941734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3802354037761688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3431628942489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.33364948630332947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.29987508058547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.07856616377830505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31107917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183576","display_name":"Flywheel","level":2,"score":0.7326758503913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.6688939929008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144534570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5325","display_name":"Inductor","level":3,"score":0.6457004547119141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135296704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2473989","display_name":"Homopolar motor","level":3,"score":0.6417072415351868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779171476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1538992","display_name":"Flywheel energy storage","level":4,"score":0.6121525168418884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.5140193700790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.5137873291969299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4780462384223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3775766","display_name":"Counter-electromotive force","level":3,"score":0.4531557559967041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.45147010684013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.44392409920692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24214142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118801","display_name":"Magnetic circuit","level":3,"score":0.4112567901611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.40147262811660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.3949197232723236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3809770941734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3802354037761688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3431628942489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33364948630332947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29987508058547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.07856616377830505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3104583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3104583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1877702077","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"531118010386","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5548268421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52077087","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6788430431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52007055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G950376105","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JJ40099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322866","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322866","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490404182","https://openalex.org/W1891867041","https://openalex.org/W1968383760","https://openalex.org/W1994534915","https://openalex.org/W2006805153","https://openalex.org/W2090940578","https://openalex.org/W2110701391","https://openalex.org/W2125672657","https://openalex.org/W2130753071","https://openalex.org/W2134880586","https://openalex.org/W2154879829","https://openalex.org/W2161860979","https://openalex.org/W2165134884","https://openalex.org/W2172107743","https://openalex.org/W2620171843","https://openalex.org/W2770545753","https://openalex.org/W2805335110","https://openalex.org/W2805394504","https://openalex.org/W2913075932","https://openalex.org/W2942809185","https://openalex.org/W3040228684","https://openalex.org/W3091240591","https://openalex.org/W3094614643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2655303009","https://openalex.org/W2137276318","https://openalex.org/W2907054855","https://openalex.org/W2624622458","https://openalex.org/W2375715359","https://openalex.org/W4207067360","https://openalex.org/W2145561658","https://openalex.org/W2382189100","https://openalex.org/W2316196894","https://openalex.org/W4385788849"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Homopolar":[0],"inductor":[1],"machine":[2],"(HIM)":[3],"has":[4],"caught":[5],"much":[6],"attention":[7],"in":[8],"the":[9,35,44,49,56,60,64,71,102,109,114,117,122,127,138,143,161,178,182,206],"field":[10,38,52,75],"of":[11,21,63,74,108,116,121,131,142,160,184,188,196,208],"flywheel":[12],"energy":[13],"storage":[14],"system":[15],"(FESS)":[16],"due":[17,69],"to":[18,70,92],"its":[19],"merits":[20,183],"robust":[22],"rotor,":[23],"brushless":[24],"exciting,":[25],"and":[26,97,105,126,135,166,190],"high":[27,98,185],"reliability.":[28],"Compared":[29],"with":[30,37,84],"permanent":[31],"magnet":[32],"HIM":[33,36,65],"(PM-HIM),":[34],"winding":[39],"(FW-HIM)":[40],"can":[41],"effectively":[42],"eliminate":[43],"idling":[45,95,193],"loss":[46,73,96,195],"caused":[47],"by":[48,53,173],"no-load":[50],"magnetic":[51,119],"cutting":[54],"off":[55],"excitation":[57],"current,":[58],"while":[59],"charge/discharge":[61,99,186],"efficiency":[62,187],"would":[66],"be":[67,201],"decreased":[68],"copper":[72],"winding.":[76],"To":[77],"address":[78],"this":[79],"contradiction,":[80],"a":[81,85,158,202],"novel":[82],"PM-HIM":[83,189],"mechanical":[86],"flux":[87,149],"modulator":[88],"(MFM-HIM)":[89],"is":[90,124,163],"proposed":[91,179],"achieve":[93],"low":[94],"efficiency.":[100],"First,":[101],"special":[103],"structure":[104,129],"operation":[106],"principle":[107],"MFM-HIM":[110,123,162,180,199],"are":[111,133,154],"investigated.":[112],"Afterwards,":[113],"characteristic":[115],"equivalent":[118],"circuit":[120],"analyzed":[125],"key":[128],"parameters":[130],"it":[132],"derived":[134],"optimized.":[136],"Moreover,":[137],"electromagnetic":[139,194],"performance":[140],"indexes":[141],"MFM-HIM,":[144],"including":[145],"back":[146],"electromotive":[147],"force,":[148],"weakening":[150],"ability,":[151],"losses,":[152],"etc.":[153],"fully":[155],"analyzed.":[156],"Finally,":[157],"prototype":[159],"designed,":[164],"manufactured,":[165],"tested.":[167],"Experiment":[168],"results":[169],"confirm":[170],"those":[171],"obtained":[172],"simulations.":[174],"Results":[175],"show":[176],"that":[177],"inherits":[181],"almost":[191],"no":[192],"FW-HIM.":[197],"The":[198],"could":[200],"promising":[203],"candidate":[204],"for":[205],"application":[207],"FESS.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
