{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3153782892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3070504","title":"Principle of Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machine by Magnetic Field Modulation Theory Part I: Back-Electromotive-Force Generation","display_name":"Principle of Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machine by Magnetic Field Modulation Theory Part I: Back-Electromotive-Force Generation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3153782892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3070504","mag":"3153782892"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3070504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3070504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100628881","display_name":"Peixin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5207-3514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peixin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","[School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, (e-mail: wangpeixin509@126.com)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5207-3514","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, (e-mail: wangpeixin509@126.com)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403937","display_name":"Wei Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-9712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-9712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100761988","display_name":"Gan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6021-9296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","[School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210096 (e-mail: zhanggan@seu.edu.cn)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2170-8820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210096 (e-mail: zhanggan@seu.edu.cn)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407984","display_name":"Bo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-0089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","[School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, (e-mail: b.wang@seu.edu.cn)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-0089","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, (e-mail: b.wang@seu.edu.cn)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035358464","display_name":"Ming Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3466-234X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China 210096 (e-mail: mcheng@seu.edu.cn)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3466-234X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China 210096 (e-mail: mcheng@seu.edu.cn)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100628881"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9138,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97628623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"3","first_page":"2370","last_page":"2379"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromotive-force","display_name":"Electromotive force","score":0.7355379462242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counter-electromotive-force","display_name":"Counter-electromotive force","score":0.7337483763694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator","display_name":"Stator","score":0.6482458710670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.6306955814361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.544039249420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.5320630669593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5116334557533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.5008623600006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.49831318855285645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux","display_name":"Magnetic flux","score":0.4623720645904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.4501103460788727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.437051385641098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.43399834632873535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-gap","display_name":"Air gap (plumbing)","score":0.41635578870773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.404968798160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.37216711044311523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3517974019050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2266843020915985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.19980201125144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.19193145632743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.13855454325675964}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127535462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185329","display_name":"Electromotive force","level":2,"score":0.7355379462242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3775766","display_name":"Counter-electromotive force","level":3,"score":0.7337483763694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.6482458710670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.6306955814361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.544039249420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.5320630669593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5116334557533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.5008623600006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.49831318855285645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.4623720645904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.4501103460788727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.437051385641098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.43399834632873535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50587689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698328","display_name":"Air gap (plumbing)","level":2,"score":0.41635578870773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.404968798160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.37216711044311523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3517974019050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2266843020915985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.19980201125144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.19193145632743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.13855454325675964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3070504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3070504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6612269535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51991381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089449641","https://openalex.org/W2095722010","https://openalex.org/W2102354163","https://openalex.org/W2114846330","https://openalex.org/W2216499015","https://openalex.org/W2289905527","https://openalex.org/W2293680708","https://openalex.org/W2429438618","https://openalex.org/W2597132538","https://openalex.org/W2735279216","https://openalex.org/W2741510120","https://openalex.org/W2749969369","https://openalex.org/W2790779281","https://openalex.org/W2793195541","https://openalex.org/W2805171239","https://openalex.org/W2884245875","https://openalex.org/W2898880369","https://openalex.org/W2912135783","https://openalex.org/W2946583391","https://openalex.org/W2971017294","https://openalex.org/W4251646563","https://openalex.org/W6775320060"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384991294","https://openalex.org/W2786031578","https://openalex.org/W2091257422","https://openalex.org/W2533990295","https://openalex.org/W2807450061","https://openalex.org/W2921216866","https://openalex.org/W2367834039","https://openalex.org/W3201323326","https://openalex.org/W2989944896","https://openalex.org/W4392946077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"flux-switching":[1,40],"permanent":[2],"magnet":[3],"(FSPM)":[4],"machine":[5,97,165],"has":[6],"aroused":[7],"wide":[8],"interest":[9],"recently":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,155],"high-power":[13],"density,":[14],"favorable":[15],"PM":[16,89],"cooling":[17],"capability,":[18],"and":[19,61,92,103,112,135,149],"essentially":[20],"sinusoidal":[21,146],"electromotive-force":[22],"(EMF)":[23],"waveform":[24],"per":[25],"phase.":[26],"Previously,":[27],"the":[28,47,80,87,95,127,133,139,142,150],"phase":[29,156],"back-EMF":[30,93,140,147],"generation":[31,64],"mechanism":[32,65],"of":[33,49,66,82,94,130,145,152],"FSPM":[34,67,96,116,131],"machines":[35,68,117],"is":[36,44,166],"exposed":[37],"from":[38,46],"a":[39,162],"perspective,":[41],"however,":[42],"which":[43],"rethought":[45],"viewpoint":[48],"air-gap":[50,88],"modulation":[51,85,102,153],"magnetic":[52,83,90],"field":[53,84,91],"in":[54,58,72,110],"Part":[55,73],"I":[56],"as":[57,75],"this":[59],"article,":[60],"electromagnetic":[62],"torque":[63],"will":[69],"be":[70,124],"reported":[71],"II":[74],"another":[76],"sister":[77],"paper.":[78],"With":[79],"aid":[81],"theory,":[86],"are":[98,108],"modeled":[99],"based":[100],"on":[101,118,161],"winding":[104],"functions.":[105],"Their":[106],"characteristics":[107],"analyzed":[109],"detail":[111],"consequently,":[113],"principles":[114],"concerning":[115],"arbitrary":[119],"stator-slot/":[120],"rotor-pole":[121],"combinations":[122],"can":[123],"obtained,":[125],"including":[126],"basic":[128],"feature":[129],"machines,":[132],"principle":[134],"necessary":[136],"conditions":[137],"for":[138],"generation,":[141],"fundamental":[143],"reason":[144],"waveform,":[148],"contributions":[151],"harmonics":[154],"back-EMF.":[157],"Finally,":[158],"experimental":[159],"verification":[160],"12s/10p":[163],"prototyped":[164],"conducted.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
