{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134981618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3063974","title":"Analysis of Rotor Losses in Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines","display_name":"Analysis of Rotor Losses in Permanent Magnet Vernier Machines","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134981618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3063974","mag":"3134981618"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3063974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3063974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035183286","display_name":"Liang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-1688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145005","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6h1p91","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145005"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drive and Intelligent Control for Electric Vehicle, Zhenjiang, China","School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-1688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drive and Intelligent Control for Electric Vehicle, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056209932","display_name":"Wenxiang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4444-6595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145005","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6h1p91","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145005"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenxiang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drive and Intelligent Control for Electric Vehicle, Zhenjiang, China","School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4444-6595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drive and Intelligent Control for Electric Vehicle, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049403216","display_name":"Rende Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1056-8188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145005","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6h1p91","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145005"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rende Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drive and Intelligent Control for Electric Vehicle, Zhenjiang, China","School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drive and Intelligent Control for Electric Vehicle, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068246264","display_name":"Shuangxia Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-616X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuangxia Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-616X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.341,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95341874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"2","first_page":"1224","last_page":"1234"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/armature","display_name":"Armature (electrical engineering)","score":0.8214759826660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.7837139368057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vernier-scale","display_name":"Vernier scale","score":0.6787718534469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.6724510192871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-analysis","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","score":0.6701444387435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-density","display_name":"Torque density","score":0.6421864032745361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.6282470226287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5517213940620422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.5356407165527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.47115767002105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.4497501850128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.3930371105670929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3907450735569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3147311806678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2992035746574402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.27954548597335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.22326046228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.219377338886261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.21194088459014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.17415937781333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.15329289436340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.1201377809047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.06422755122184753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93671265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557042","display_name":"Armature (electrical engineering)","level":3,"score":0.8214759826660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.7837139368057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69710193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14946576","display_name":"Vernier scale","level":2,"score":0.6787718534469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.6724510192871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131770355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876215","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","level":2,"score":0.6701444387435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780932299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826794","display_name":"Torque density","level":3,"score":0.6421864032745361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.6282470226287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5517213940620422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.5356407165527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.47115767002105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.4497501850128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3930371105670929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3907450735569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3147311806678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2992035746574402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.27954548597335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.22326046228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.219377338886261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21194088459014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.17415937781333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.15329289436340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.1201377809047699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.06422755122184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3063974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2021.3063974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3294354021","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51807082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3590224833","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project BK20180883","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3852018889","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51991383","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017006352","https://openalex.org/W2069827955","https://openalex.org/W2074436210","https://openalex.org/W2096521800","https://openalex.org/W2244187876","https://openalex.org/W2325461606","https://openalex.org/W2522690391","https://openalex.org/W2731881618","https://openalex.org/W2736175489","https://openalex.org/W2741510120","https://openalex.org/W2762277763","https://openalex.org/W2790850955","https://openalex.org/W2805838478","https://openalex.org/W2898146315","https://openalex.org/W2919271109","https://openalex.org/W2942938402","https://openalex.org/W2966989547","https://openalex.org/W2969524478","https://openalex.org/W2972893831","https://openalex.org/W2976332366","https://openalex.org/W2999650510","https://openalex.org/W3011972151","https://openalex.org/W3012413155","https://openalex.org/W3018818894","https://openalex.org/W3095641033"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085620748","https://openalex.org/W1510416911","https://openalex.org/W2913895051","https://openalex.org/W2170987467","https://openalex.org/W2062190150","https://openalex.org/W4366377780","https://openalex.org/W2899219710","https://openalex.org/W4214862794","https://openalex.org/W2588257868","https://openalex.org/W2588432124"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"investigates":[2],"rotor":[3,32,80,87,98],"losses":[4,33,99],"in":[5],"permanent":[6],"magnet":[7],"Vernier":[8],"machines.":[9],"By":[10],"analyzing":[11],"air-gap":[12],"field,":[13],"the":[14,39,45,50,86,97,106,110],"harmonic":[15,43,54],"distribution":[16],"and":[17,24,38,112],"frequency":[18],"of":[19,41,52],"modulated":[20],"open-circuit":[21],"flux":[22,27],"density":[23,28],"armature":[25],"reaction":[26],"are":[29,116],"obtained.":[30],"Then,":[31],"production":[34],"principle":[35],"is":[36,47,57,61,82],"revealed":[37],"influence":[40,51],"each":[42,53],"on":[44,55],"loss":[46],"analyzed.":[48],"Meanwhile,":[49],"torque":[56,70],"also":[58],"studied.":[59],"It":[60],"found":[62],"that":[63,92],"some":[64],"harmonics":[65],"have":[66],"no":[67],"contribution":[68],"to":[69,84],"but":[71],"produce":[72],"additional":[73],"losses.":[74,88],"On":[75],"this":[76],"basis,":[77],"a":[78],"new":[79],"structure":[81],"proposed":[83],"suppress":[85],"Comparison":[89],"results":[90,115],"indicate":[91],"by":[93,118],"suppressing":[94],"nonworking":[95],"harmonics,":[96],"can":[100],"be":[101],"reduced":[102],"effectively":[103],"without":[104],"affecting":[105],"effective":[107],"torque.":[108],"Finally,":[109],"theoretical":[111],"finite-element":[113],"analysis":[114],"verified":[117],"prototype":[119],"tests.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}