{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3108321671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038074","title":"Dynamic Aggregation of Energy Storage Systems Into Virtual Power Plants Using Distributed Real-Time Clustering Algorithm","display_name":"Dynamic Aggregation of Energy Storage Systems Into Virtual Power Plants Using Distributed Real-Time Clustering Algorithm","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3108321671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038074","mag":"3108321671"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3038074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056736908","display_name":"Runfan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-6260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runfan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-6260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061288483","display_name":"Branislav Hredzak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-3419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Branislav Hredzak","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-3419","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074302219","display_name":"John Fletcher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0752-2568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Fletcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0752-2568","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9172,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86484822,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"11","first_page":"11002","last_page":"11013"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.7373992204666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6803854703903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.568432629108429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5168195366859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5053227543830872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.45459914207458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-power-plant","display_name":"Virtual power plant","score":0.4464171826839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.4365803003311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3607155382633209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3076913356781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.2740902304649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20681285858154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.06914913654327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.06812280416488647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.7373992204666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6803854703903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.568432629108429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5168195366859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5053227543830872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45459914207458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776033628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785102","display_name":"Virtual power plant","level":4,"score":0.4464171826839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.4365803003311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3607155382633209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3076913356781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.2740902304649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20681285858154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06914913654327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.06812280416488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3038074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500945193","https://openalex.org/W1535423010","https://openalex.org/W1567639496","https://openalex.org/W1575745909","https://openalex.org/W1674222958","https://openalex.org/W1966382260","https://openalex.org/W2034773470","https://openalex.org/W2044835693","https://openalex.org/W2051301990","https://openalex.org/W2051727850","https://openalex.org/W2061490336","https://openalex.org/W2087785278","https://openalex.org/W2121323129","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2144277516","https://openalex.org/W2211194997","https://openalex.org/W2343206381","https://openalex.org/W2411942007","https://openalex.org/W2478654971","https://openalex.org/W2560199170","https://openalex.org/W2590412065","https://openalex.org/W2602788788","https://openalex.org/W2609130491","https://openalex.org/W2611117000","https://openalex.org/W2741877440","https://openalex.org/W2766996475","https://openalex.org/W2769295057","https://openalex.org/W2770487168","https://openalex.org/W2783803039","https://openalex.org/W2784711408","https://openalex.org/W2786106469","https://openalex.org/W2795896969","https://openalex.org/W2797542407","https://openalex.org/W2800374189","https://openalex.org/W2907540599","https://openalex.org/W2913491185","https://openalex.org/W2966848593","https://openalex.org/W3000381361","https://openalex.org/W3004315197","https://openalex.org/W3008828606","https://openalex.org/W3010313446","https://openalex.org/W3016879568","https://openalex.org/W3103430593"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W1514774485","https://openalex.org/W4383747449","https://openalex.org/W2997465704","https://openalex.org/W2375213301","https://openalex.org/W3201552198","https://openalex.org/W2783679183","https://openalex.org/W4283642033","https://openalex.org/W3198128575","https://openalex.org/W3095763726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy":[0],"storage":[1,27,59,70,93,106,158],"systems":[2,28,60,159],"are":[3,29,42],"widely":[4],"used":[5,145],"for":[6,146],"compensation":[7],"of":[8,15,40,114,124,138],"intermittent":[9],"renewable":[10],"energy":[11,26,58,69,105,157],"sources":[12],"and":[13,18,37,74,104],"restoration":[14],"system":[16],"frequency":[17],"voltage.":[19],"In":[20,48],"a":[21,45],"conventional":[22],"operation,":[23],"all":[24,130],"distributed":[25],"clustered":[30],"into":[31,61,161],"one":[32],"fixed":[33],"virtual":[34,63,163],"power":[35,64,72,81,102,164,170],"plant":[36],"their":[38,97],"state":[39],"charges":[41],"maintained":[43],"at":[44],"common":[46],"value.":[47],"this":[49],"article,":[50],"it":[51],"is":[52,127],"proposed":[53,84],"to":[54,89],"dynamically":[55],"cluster":[56,90],"the":[57,68,110,112,115,121,125,168],"several":[62],"plants":[65,165],"based":[66,95],"on":[67,96],"systems'":[71],"demands":[73,103],"capacities.":[75],"This":[76],"results":[77,153],"in":[78,129],"reduced":[79],"network":[80,169],"losses.":[82,171],"The":[83,132],"dynamic":[85,162],"clustering":[86,156],"algorithm":[87,133],"enables":[88],"agents":[91],"(energy":[92],"systems)":[94],"preselected":[98],"feature":[99,118],"states":[100,119,126,141],"(local":[101],"capacities).":[107],"To":[108],"determine":[109],"clusters,":[111],"distance":[113],"agents'":[116],"current":[117],"from":[120],"average":[122,136],"estimates":[123,137],"determined":[128],"clusters.":[131],"also":[134],"provides":[135],"designated":[139],"auxiliary":[140],"that":[142,155],"can":[143,166],"be":[144],"control":[147],"purposes.":[148],"Presented":[149],"RTDS-based":[150],"real-time":[151],"implementation":[152],"verify":[154],"(batteries)":[160],"reduce":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
