{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109395510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038064","title":"Machine Learning Emulation of Model Predictive Control for Modular Multilevel Converters","display_name":"Machine Learning Emulation of Model Predictive Control for Modular Multilevel Converters","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109395510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038064","mag":"3109395510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3038064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/433818203/Machine_Learning_Emulation_of_Model_Predictive_Control_for_Modular_Multilevel_Converters.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022630314","display_name":"Songda Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2034-2812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Songda Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078176748","display_name":"Tomislav Dragi\u010devi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-2024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomislav Dragicevic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027116332","display_name":"Gustavo Gontijo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5100-5192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gustavo Figueiredo Gontijo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027220806","display_name":"Sanjay K. Chaudhary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8812-3571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay K Chaudhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019644280","display_name":"Remus Teodorescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2617-7168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Remus Teodorescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022630314"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1474,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94839924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"11","first_page":"11628","last_page":"11634"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.905738115310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.8344744443893433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.7854601740837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.6066493391990662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5988065004348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5163511037826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4411662817001343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3643346428871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30534666776657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10906702280044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.08632168173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08417642116546631}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.905738115310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.8344744443893433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.7854601740837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.6066493391990662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5988065004348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5163511037826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4411662817001343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3643346428871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30534666776657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10906702280044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.08632168173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08417642116546631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3038064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3038064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/a03bc3ee-86c7-4b52-b889-4656513d6d4b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/a03bc3ee-86c7-4b52-b889-4656513d6d4b","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/433818203/Machine_Learning_Emulation_of_Model_Predictive_Control_for_Modular_Multilevel_Converters.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wang, S, Dragicevic, T, Gontijo, G F, Chaudhary, S K & Teodorescu, R 2021, 'Machine Learning Emulation of Model Predictive Control for Modular Multilevel Converters', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 11628 - 11634. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2020.3038064","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/a03bc3ee-86c7-4b52-b889-4656513d6d4b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/a03bc3ee-86c7-4b52-b889-4656513d6d4b","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/433818203/Machine_Learning_Emulation_of_Model_Predictive_Control_for_Modular_Multilevel_Converters.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wang, S, Dragicevic, T, Gontijo, G F, Chaudhary, S K & Teodorescu, R 2021, 'Machine Learning Emulation of Model Predictive Control for Modular Multilevel Converters', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 11628 - 11634. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2020.3038064","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109395510.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109395510.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988115241","https://openalex.org/W2030899995","https://openalex.org/W2037239418","https://openalex.org/W2100267011","https://openalex.org/W2116770400","https://openalex.org/W2121664216","https://openalex.org/W2329422692","https://openalex.org/W2333313960","https://openalex.org/W2342789952","https://openalex.org/W2512271510","https://openalex.org/W2770686774","https://openalex.org/W2900353870","https://openalex.org/W2903523109","https://openalex.org/W2943419739","https://openalex.org/W2947697862","https://openalex.org/W3003501631","https://openalex.org/W3041560651","https://openalex.org/W4212863985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154523322","https://openalex.org/W2083200807","https://openalex.org/W1603137082","https://openalex.org/W2364195017","https://openalex.org/W2355430452","https://openalex.org/W1951195060","https://openalex.org/W2049983405","https://openalex.org/W2392315374","https://openalex.org/W2351776620","https://openalex.org/W2097995569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,92],"machine":[4],"learning":[5],"(ML)-based":[6],"emulation":[7,110],"of":[8,52,70,111],"model":[9],"predictive":[10],"control":[11,40],"(MPC)":[12],"for":[13,104,108],"modular":[14],"multilevel":[15],"converters":[16],"(MMCs).":[17],"In":[18],"particular,":[19],"the":[20,28,32,41,50,62,68,71,79,84,88,100],"artificial":[21],"neural":[22],"network":[23],"model,":[24],"trained":[25],"offline":[26,48],"by":[27],"data":[29],"collected":[30],"from":[31,57,99],"traditional":[33,72],"fast":[34],"MPC":[35,65,82,90],"method,":[36],"is":[37,55],"used":[38],"to":[39,59],"MMCs":[42],"with":[43],"high":[44],"accuracy.":[45],"With":[46],"this":[47],"training,":[49],"majority":[51],"computational":[53],"burden":[54],"transferred":[56],"online":[58],"offline.":[60],"Therefore,":[61],"proposed":[63,80],"ML":[64],"can":[66],"replace":[67],"role":[69],"MPC.":[73],"The":[74,97],"experimental":[75],"results":[76],"show":[77],"that":[78],"ML-based":[81,109],"has":[83],"same":[85],"performance":[86],"as":[87],"conventional":[89],"but":[91],"significantly":[93],"computationally":[94],"efficient":[95],"structure.":[96],"finding":[98],"letter":[101],"provides":[102],"ground":[103],"many":[105],"other":[106],"applications":[107],"complex":[112],"controllers":[113],"in":[114],"power":[115],"electronic":[116],"systems.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}