{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091710636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3026277","title":"Crossing Thyristor Branches-Based Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converters for DC Line Faults","display_name":"Crossing Thyristor Branches-Based Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converters for DC Line Faults","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091710636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3026277","mag":"3091710636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3026277","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3026277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103102734","display_name":"Chengkai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0494-7501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengkai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055654426","display_name":"Fujin Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9832-004X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fujin Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Technology and Equipment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9832-004X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Technology and Equipment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020751880","display_name":"Qian Heng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6091-7940"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Heng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6091-7940","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023210803","display_name":"Xu Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1621-2257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wind Power Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1621-2257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wind Power Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068266522","display_name":"Rongwu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8030-4738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongwu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Power Electronics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8030-4738","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Power Electronics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053880143","display_name":"Marco Liserre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-2684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32021983","display_name":"Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel","ror":"https://ror.org/04v76ef78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Liserre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Power Electronics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0818-2684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Power Electronics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32021983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.787,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95806183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"10","first_page":"9719","last_page":"9730"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12598","display_name":"Cardiac Structural Anomalies and Repair","score":0.9347000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14502","display_name":"High-Voltage Power Transmission Systems","score":0.9146000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyristor","display_name":"Thyristor","score":0.8029277324676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.7065280675888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interrupt","display_name":"Interrupt","score":0.6511453986167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductor","display_name":"Inductor","score":0.597345232963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.5767019391059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5363678932189941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.5080180168151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5046812295913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4909206032752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.483563631772995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-current","display_name":"Direct current","score":0.433824747800827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.41812068223953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-current-limiter","display_name":"Fault current limiter","score":0.4141637682914734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40867310762405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3793294429779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.22057190537452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller","display_name":"Microcontroller","score":0.10516184568405151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10460376739501953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121922863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180805","display_name":"Thyristor","level":3,"score":0.8029277324676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.7065280675888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41661131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220764","display_name":"Interrupt","level":3,"score":0.6511453986167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144534570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5325","display_name":"Inductor","level":3,"score":0.597345232963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.5767019391059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5363678932189941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5080180168151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5046812295913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4909206032752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.483563631772995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776620479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159241","display_name":"Direct current","level":3,"score":0.433824747800827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.41812068223953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129187525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858078","display_name":"Fault current limiter","level":4,"score":0.4141637682914734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40867310762405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3793294429779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.22057190537452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.10516184568405151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10460376739501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3026277","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3026277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5043971560","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20180395","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5141470604","display_name":"\u67d4\u6027\u76f4\u6d41\u8f93\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u5c42\u534f\u540c\u6545\u969c\u8bca\u65ad\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u63a7\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61873062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985469924","https://openalex.org/W1986945915","https://openalex.org/W1990951544","https://openalex.org/W1992850289","https://openalex.org/W2055905802","https://openalex.org/W2056370486","https://openalex.org/W2070917720","https://openalex.org/W2073046423","https://openalex.org/W2077452379","https://openalex.org/W2091065431","https://openalex.org/W2091662440","https://openalex.org/W2122328510","https://openalex.org/W2135249981","https://openalex.org/W2316904322","https://openalex.org/W2320897256","https://openalex.org/W2324202458","https://openalex.org/W2324776385","https://openalex.org/W2328229040","https://openalex.org/W2329773139","https://openalex.org/W2344022183","https://openalex.org/W2344550066","https://openalex.org/W2481301245","https://openalex.org/W2581668132","https://openalex.org/W2593784709","https://openalex.org/W2737476802","https://openalex.org/W2791125226","https://openalex.org/W2797805175","https://openalex.org/W2802454146","https://openalex.org/W2806019514","https://openalex.org/W2884891942","https://openalex.org/W2950238032","https://openalex.org/W2951052462","https://openalex.org/W2951294473","https://openalex.org/W2999253989"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4288898221","https://openalex.org/W2358308054","https://openalex.org/W2391783641","https://openalex.org/W2109690896","https://openalex.org/W4231875098","https://openalex.org/W4230529130","https://openalex.org/W2391365542","https://openalex.org/W2361731841","https://openalex.org/W4252692404","https://openalex.org/W2141520313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,13,99,151],"modular":[1],"multilevel":[2],"converter":[3],"(MMC)":[4],"is":[5,18,43,160],"attractive":[6],"for":[7,24,112],"high-voltage":[8],"direct":[9],"current":[10,40,96,100,107,130,141],"(HVdc)":[11],"applications.":[12],"dc":[14,51,118],"line":[15,52,119],"short-circuit":[16,53,120],"fault":[17,129],"one":[19],"of":[20,72,92,117,134,169],"the":[21,25,47,56,58,82,86,90,93,113,123,128,132,138,163,167,170],"key":[22],"challenges":[23],"HVdc":[26,48],"system.":[27],"In":[28,55],"this":[29],"article,":[30],"a":[31,157],"crossing":[32],"thyristor":[33,59],"branches":[34,60],"(CTB)-based":[35],"hybrid":[36],"MMC":[37],"(HMMC)":[38],"with":[39,95,131],"interruption":[41,97,101,142],"capability":[42],"proposed":[44,62,111,124,171],"to":[45,63],"protect":[46],"system":[49],"under":[50],"faults.":[54],"CTB-HMMC,":[57],"are":[61,109,154],"crossing-connect":[64],"different":[65],"arm":[66,70,91],"inductors":[67],"and":[68,78,105,147,156,162,173],"each":[69],"consists":[71],"unipolar":[73],"full-bridge":[74],"(UFB)":[75],"submodules":[76],"(SMs)":[77],"half-bridge":[79],"SMs,":[80],"where":[81,122],"CTB":[83],"effectively":[84],"reduces":[85],"UFB-SMs":[87,136],"number":[88],"in":[89,115,137],"HMMC":[94],"capability.":[98],"operations,":[102],"including":[103],"dc-side":[104],"ac-side":[106],"interruption,":[108],"also":[110],"CTB-HMMC":[114,125,172],"case":[116],"faults,":[121],"can":[126],"interrupt":[127],"advantages":[133],"fewer":[135],"arm,":[139],"short":[140],"time,":[143],"low":[144,148],"semiconductor":[145],"cost,":[146],"power":[149],"losses.":[150],"simulation":[152],"studies":[153],"conducted":[155],"down-scale":[158],"prototype":[159],"built,":[161],"study":[164],"results":[165],"verify":[166],"effectiveness":[168],"operation":[174],"principles.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
