{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3042382034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3008386","title":"Noncontact Group-Delay-Based Sensor for Metal Deformation and Crack Detection","display_name":"Noncontact Group-Delay-Based Sensor for Metal Deformation and Crack Detection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3042382034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3008386","mag":"3042382034"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3008386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3008386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/335536385/accepted_version.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101451113","display_name":"Zhe Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090802886","display_name":"Xian Qi Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6968-8745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Qi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074521891","display_name":"Yu Heng Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Heng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043397784","display_name":"Feng Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0444-9334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101944129","display_name":"Muhammad Talha Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6990-998X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Talha Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025097254","display_name":"Shuai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9003-2879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Antennas, Propagation and Millimeter-Wave Systems Section, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Antennas, Propagation and Millimeter-Wave Systems Section, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101451113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8721,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85879271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"8","first_page":"7613","last_page":"7619"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stopband","display_name":"Stopband","score":0.6687330007553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resonator","display_name":"Resonator","score":0.6324799060821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6016936302185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.5410569310188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/split-ring-resonator","display_name":"Split-ring resonator","score":0.5281011462211609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.515963613986969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.4700906276702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4674336016178131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.4569838345050812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetically-induced-transparency","display_name":"Electromagnetically induced transparency","score":0.4426146149635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.43206408619880676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3459852337837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2635355591773987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17006546258926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13341298699378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11212944984436035}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46271340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971063","display_name":"Stopband","level":3,"score":0.6687330007553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.6324799060821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6016936302185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.5410569310188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73862843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4992522","display_name":"Split-ring resonator","level":3,"score":0.5281011462211609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.515963613986969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.4700906276702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4674336016178131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.4569838345050812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131935069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3537757","display_name":"Electromagnetically induced transparency","level":2,"score":0.4426146149635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.43206408619880676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3459852337837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2635355591773987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17006546258926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13341298699378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11212944984436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2020.3008386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3008386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/275664af-1801-4739-825e-a904fd4ac121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/275664af-1801-4739-825e-a904fd4ac121","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/335536385/accepted_version.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chen, Z, Lin, X, Yan, Y H, Xiao, F, Khan, M T & Zhang, S 2021, 'Noncontact Group Delay Based Sensor for Metal Deformation and Crack Detection', I E E E Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68, no. 8, 9141515, pp. 7613-7619. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2020.3008386","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/275664af-1801-4739-825e-a904fd4ac121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/275664af-1801-4739-825e-a904fd4ac121","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/335536385/accepted_version.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chen, Z, Lin, X, Yan, Y H, Xiao, F, Khan, M T & Zhang, S 2021, 'Noncontact Group Delay Based Sensor for Metal Deformation and Crack Detection', I E E E Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68, no. 8, 9141515, pp. 7613-7619. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2020.3008386","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1384785695","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61571084","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1610825724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1966201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3788563882","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"YGX2019Z022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3900828309","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XGBDFZ03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7419537552","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019Z02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7763006810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYGX2019Z022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8951484681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3042382034.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3042382034.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977990926","https://openalex.org/W1991652919","https://openalex.org/W1993329684","https://openalex.org/W2012913059","https://openalex.org/W2025521561","https://openalex.org/W2044971759","https://openalex.org/W2056546911","https://openalex.org/W2074021390","https://openalex.org/W2088018785","https://openalex.org/W2100273323","https://openalex.org/W2107466093","https://openalex.org/W2110353879","https://openalex.org/W2148747602","https://openalex.org/W2169809075","https://openalex.org/W2261541538","https://openalex.org/W2292224802","https://openalex.org/W2313846368","https://openalex.org/W2512882871","https://openalex.org/W2534746345","https://openalex.org/W2559658388","https://openalex.org/W2742138939","https://openalex.org/W2789531064","https://openalex.org/W2944490436","https://openalex.org/W2982909732","https://openalex.org/W2985712380","https://openalex.org/W3105060146","https://openalex.org/W6657131933","https://openalex.org/W6910633506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W110655922","https://openalex.org/W1977334241","https://openalex.org/W2059245495","https://openalex.org/W2051976814","https://openalex.org/W1984062960","https://openalex.org/W2898916391","https://openalex.org/W1555872197","https://openalex.org/W1986844493","https://openalex.org/W2897266702","https://openalex.org/W2041052596"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"millimeter-wave":[1],"planar":[2],"resonator":[3],"sensor":[4,53,167],"for":[5],"the":[6,34,40,51,57,112,117,123,126,137,154,165,170,173,177],"detection":[7,41],"of":[8,50,59,91,111,119,128,142,153,179],"deformation":[9,26,144,171],"and":[10,18,27,104,125,145],"crack":[11,28,146],"in":[12,22,33,43,77],"metal":[13,36,129,143,174],"device":[14,130,175],"with":[15,96,176],"high":[16],"precision":[17,178],"sensitivity":[19],"is":[20,54,68,86,147],"presented":[21],"this":[23],"article.":[24],"The":[25,47,108,140],"directly":[29],"imply":[30],"great":[31],"damage":[32],"industrial":[35],"structures,":[37],"which":[38,73],"made":[39],"crucial":[42],"structural":[44],"health":[45],"monitoring.":[46],"main":[48],"structure":[49],"proposed":[52,166],"based":[55],"on":[56,172],"concept":[58],"multiband":[60,162],"electromagnetic":[61,81],"induced":[62,160],"transparency":[63],"(EIT)":[64],"effect.":[65],"EIT":[66,85],"effect":[67],"an":[69],"interference":[70],"quantum":[71],"phenomenon,":[72],"can":[74,168],"be":[75],"realized":[76],"microwave":[78],"band":[79],"by":[80,116,149,161],"resonate":[82],"structures.":[83],"Multiband":[84],"actualized":[87],"using":[88],"a":[89],"series":[90],"split-ring":[92],"resonators":[93],"(SRR)":[94],"coupling":[95,120],"each":[97],"other":[98],"to":[99,136],"produce":[100],"one":[101],"wide":[102],"stopband":[103],"four":[105,155],"narrow":[106],"passbands.":[107],"resonance":[109],"frequencies":[110],"SRRs":[113,124],"are":[114],"affected":[115],"variation":[118],"amount":[121],"between":[122],"part":[127],"under":[131],"test":[132],"that":[133],"places":[134],"close":[135],"specific":[138],"SRR.":[139],"orientation":[141],"achieved":[148],"different":[150],"frequency":[151],"shifts":[152],"independent":[156],"group":[157],"delay":[158],"peaks":[159],"EIT.":[163],"Thus,":[164],"orientate":[169],"1.3":[180],"MHz/\u03bcm.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
