{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992691473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2956378","title":"A Time-Saving Approach for the Thermal Lifetime Evaluation of Low-Voltage Electrical Machines","display_name":"A Time-Saving Approach for the Thermal Lifetime Evaluation of Low-Voltage Electrical Machines","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992691473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2956378","mag":"2992691473"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2956378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2956378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1281068","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083311214","display_name":"Vincenzo Madonna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-9735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Madonna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-9735","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043285806","display_name":"Paolo Giangrande","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2328-5171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Giangrande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2328-5171","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084822400","display_name":"Giovanni Migliazza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9585-7837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Migliazza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Science and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9585-7837","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023412621","display_name":"Giampaolo Buticchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0470-3259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giampaolo Buticchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of More Electric Aircraft Technology of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0470-3259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of More Electric Aircraft Technology of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053952920","display_name":"Michael Galea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-611X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Galea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of More Electric Aircraft Technology of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-611X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of More Electric Aircraft Technology of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9072336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"11","first_page":"9195","last_page":"9205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12898","display_name":"Induction Heating and Inverter Technology","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5521091222763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-voltage","display_name":"Low voltage","score":0.530899167060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.46012377738952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4177701473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41041356325149536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3588501214981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3022173047065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10998538136482239}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5521091222763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128624480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504817","display_name":"Low voltage","level":3,"score":0.530899167060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.46012377738952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4177701473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41041356325149536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3588501214981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3022173047065735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10998538136482239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2956378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2956378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aisberg.unibg.it:10446/224508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10446/224508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196347","display_name":"Aisberg (University of Bergamo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11039511","host_organization_name":"University of Bergamo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11039511"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1281068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1281068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:3542880","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3542880","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402482","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1281068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1281068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4426328826","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"807081","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337669","funder_display_name":"H2020 European Institute of Innovation and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7317114501","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51850410515","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337669","display_name":"H2020 European Institute of Innovation and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/036dxts37"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74897020","https://openalex.org/W754173636","https://openalex.org/W1529046249","https://openalex.org/W1535655141","https://openalex.org/W1982574138","https://openalex.org/W1990819288","https://openalex.org/W2008938646","https://openalex.org/W2027145618","https://openalex.org/W2052898888","https://openalex.org/W2070504604","https://openalex.org/W2079376858","https://openalex.org/W2097039455","https://openalex.org/W2099512933","https://openalex.org/W2099959096","https://openalex.org/W2117171612","https://openalex.org/W2133673028","https://openalex.org/W2167178809","https://openalex.org/W2242746017","https://openalex.org/W2318640604","https://openalex.org/W2320377497","https://openalex.org/W2343380767","https://openalex.org/W2430400726","https://openalex.org/W2518550369","https://openalex.org/W2532971301","https://openalex.org/W2572079520","https://openalex.org/W2580925268","https://openalex.org/W2595776428","https://openalex.org/W2734437375","https://openalex.org/W2767130876","https://openalex.org/W2889692222","https://openalex.org/W2944130255","https://openalex.org/W2958702332","https://openalex.org/W2964671773","https://openalex.org/W2965708151","https://openalex.org/W4235479017","https://openalex.org/W4247824199","https://openalex.org/W4249619477"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2378564267","https://openalex.org/W2205977329","https://openalex.org/W3178732595","https://openalex.org/W1859921603","https://openalex.org/W1571481168","https://openalex.org/W2082664979","https://openalex.org/W2647696510","https://openalex.org/W1590748692","https://openalex.org/W2085813843"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"electrical":[1,55,69,163],"machines,":[2],"such":[3],"as":[4,94],"those":[5],"employed":[6],"in":[7,17,37,115,117],"transportation":[8],"applications":[9],"are":[10,35,90,131],"required":[11],"to":[12,39,73],"provide":[13],"very":[14],"high":[15],"performance":[16],"terms":[18,118],"of":[19,47,49,103,112,119,123,128,161],"power":[20,40,65],"(and":[21],"torque)":[22],"density":[23,66],"and":[24,56,83,88],"efficiency.":[25],"The":[26,165],"reality,":[27],"however,":[28],"is":[29,44,108,170],"that":[30,148],"the":[31,42,45,60,64,68,75,80,101,104,120,150,154,168],"more":[32,43],"these":[33],"machines":[34],"\u201cpushed\u201d":[36],"relation":[38],"density,":[41],"probability":[46],"failure":[48,124,129],"their":[50],"insulation":[51],"systems,":[52],"through":[53],"enhanced":[54],"thermal":[57,155],"stresses.":[58],"On":[59],"other":[61],"hand,":[62],"regardless":[63],"level,":[67],"machine":[70],"still":[71,91],"needs":[72],"respect":[74],"certification":[76],"processes":[77],"set":[78],"by":[79],"international":[81],"standards":[82],"procedures.":[84],"Unfortunately,":[85],"today":[86],"reliability":[87,134],"lifetime":[89,156],"not":[92],"considered":[93],"main":[95],"design":[96,105,140],"objective":[97],"functions":[98],"right":[99],"from":[100],"start":[102],"process.":[106],"This":[107],"a":[109,113,146],"direct":[110],"result":[111],"gap":[114],"knowledge":[116],"precise":[121],"understanding":[122],"mechanisms.":[125],"If":[126],"physics":[127],"models":[130],"available,":[132],"then":[133],"can":[135],"be":[136],"included":[137],"at":[138],"all":[139],"stages.":[141],"Therefore,":[142],"this":[143],"article":[144],"proposes":[145],"method":[147,169],"shortens":[149],"time":[151],"demanded":[152],"for":[153],"evaluation":[157],"procedure":[158],"or":[159],"qualification":[160],"low-voltage":[162],"machines.":[164],"theory":[166],"behind":[167],"presented":[171],"and,":[172],"then,":[173],"experimentally":[174],"validated":[175],"on":[176],"custom":[177],"designed":[178],"specimens.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}