{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2984812283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2952795","title":"Improving Current Transformer-Based Energy Extraction From AC Power Lines by Manipulating Magnetic Field","display_name":"Improving Current Transformer-Based Energy Extraction From AC Power Lines by Manipulating Magnetic Field","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2984812283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2952795","mag":"2984812283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2952795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2952795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101852260","display_name":"Yuan Zhuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6063-8800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9041-8889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101556246","display_name":"Chen Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5124-6807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049863539","display_name":"Chaoyun Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-3156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoyun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-3156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100625004","display_name":"Anqi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7166-3712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anqi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7166-3712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065614168","display_name":"Wei Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3515-1170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741261","display_name":"Yi Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7774-1024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021238931","display_name":"Jiafeng Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiafeng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-3320","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101852260"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5192,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88658242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"11","first_page":"9471","last_page":"9479"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.646837592124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.5950371623039246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-energy","display_name":"Magnetic energy","score":0.58533775806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5793571472167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-core","display_name":"Magnetic core","score":0.48894014954566956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-density","display_name":"Power density","score":0.47630774974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux","display_name":"Magnetic flux","score":0.4744076430797577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-circuit","display_name":"Magnetic circuit","score":0.46670982241630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saturation","display_name":"Saturation (graph theory)","score":0.4644581973552704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.42817503213882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-magnetic-resonance","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","score":0.40779510140419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.40689122676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3814047574996948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2641720175743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25743168592453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"Magnetization","score":0.14347133040428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10750779509544373}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.646837592124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.5950371623039246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162565982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3725254","display_name":"Magnetic energy","level":4,"score":0.58533775806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5793571472167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23832930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088161","display_name":"Magnetic core","level":3,"score":0.48894014954566956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21881925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503313","display_name":"Power density","level":3,"score":0.47630774974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.4744076430797577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24214142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118801","display_name":"Magnetic circuit","level":3,"score":0.46670982241630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9930424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7426587","display_name":"Saturation (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4644581973552704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.42817503213882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.40779510140419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.40689122676849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3814047574996948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2641720175743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25743168592453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.14347133040428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10750779509544373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2952795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2952795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320323","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498652432","https://openalex.org/W1525118443","https://openalex.org/W2008266188","https://openalex.org/W2009031495","https://openalex.org/W2018653646","https://openalex.org/W2054228745","https://openalex.org/W2078240158","https://openalex.org/W2112656914","https://openalex.org/W2115817095","https://openalex.org/W2125851157","https://openalex.org/W2137243960","https://openalex.org/W2156958736","https://openalex.org/W2160218850","https://openalex.org/W2171989079","https://openalex.org/W2520201735","https://openalex.org/W2586825819","https://openalex.org/W2589589874","https://openalex.org/W2596658086","https://openalex.org/W2606265869","https://openalex.org/W2620863811","https://openalex.org/W2769788815","https://openalex.org/W2795112260","https://openalex.org/W2891791991","https://openalex.org/W2895481850","https://openalex.org/W2901307383","https://openalex.org/W2930284805"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998212182","https://openalex.org/W2033310789","https://openalex.org/W2045240302","https://openalex.org/W2966857590","https://openalex.org/W2019931179","https://openalex.org/W2365727014","https://openalex.org/W2093238250","https://openalex.org/W3159362751","https://openalex.org/W2583659171","https://openalex.org/W1984491207"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,236],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,23,40,67,78,87,162,167,203,241],"novel":[4],"method":[5,238],"to":[6,57,130,144,157,160],"improve":[7],"energy":[8,26,76,104,147,182,192],"scavenging":[9],"from":[10],"ac":[11,46],"power":[12,20,47,64,136,139,198,211],"lines":[13],"under":[14],"magnetic":[15,25,37,41,59,96,122,133,164],"saturation":[16,178],"conditions.":[17],"The":[18,82],"extracted":[19],"level":[21],"of":[22,35,73,135,199],"conventional":[24],"harvester":[27,159,193],"is":[28,43,55,115,142,224],"limited":[29],"by":[30,124,149,226],"the":[31,36,49,53,58,63,71,95,113,132,146,150,158,169,177,190,230,233],"maximum":[32,92],"flux":[33,50,83,109],"density":[34,51,84,110],"core.":[38],"When":[39],"core":[42,54,69,88,114,170],"clamped":[44],"on":[45,202],"lines,":[48],"in":[52,85,112],"proportional":[56],"field":[60,97,123,134],"strength":[61],"around":[62],"line.":[65],"Choosing":[66],"high-permeability":[68],"has":[70],"advantage":[72],"harvesting":[74],"more":[75,181],"for":[77,244],"given":[79],"primary":[80],"current.":[81],"such":[86],"could":[89,239],"reach":[90],"its":[91],"value":[93],"when":[94],"increases.":[98],"In":[99],"this":[100],"scenario,":[101],"very":[102],"little":[103],"can":[105,183,194],"be":[106,173,184],"harvested":[107,148],"since":[108],"variation":[111],"small.":[116],"Here":[117],"we":[118],"introduce":[119],"an":[120,126,196],"artificial":[121],"adding":[125],"additional":[127],"control":[128,151,234],"coil":[129,152],"manipulate":[131],"lines.":[137],"A":[138,207],"management":[140],"circuit":[141],"employed":[143],"store":[145],"and":[153,248],"feed":[154],"it":[155],"back":[156],"generate":[161],"counter":[163],"field.":[165],"As":[166],"result,":[168],"will":[171],"not":[172],"easily":[174],"driven":[175],"into":[176],"region;":[179],"hence,":[180],"harvested.":[185],"Experimental":[186],"results":[187],"show":[188],"that":[189],"proposed":[191],"harvest":[195],"average":[197],"283":[200],"mW":[201],"50":[204],"Hz":[205],"10":[206],"<sub":[208,219],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[209,216,220],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">rms</sub>":[210,221],"line":[212],"(2.34":[213],"mW/cm":[214],"<sup":[215],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sup>":[217],"/A":[218],"),":[222],"which":[223],"increased":[225],"45%":[227],"compared":[228],"with":[229],"device":[231],"without":[232],"coil.":[235],"new":[237],"provide":[240],"promising":[242],"solution":[243],"smart":[245],"grid":[246],"monitoring":[247],"other":[249],"industrial":[250],"sensing":[251],"applications.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-25T08:17:42.794288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
