{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970634725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2937050","title":"Reliability-Oriented Design of Modular Multilevel Converters for Medium-Voltage STATCOM","display_name":"Reliability-Oriented Design of Modular Multilevel Converters for Medium-Voltage STATCOM","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970634725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2937050","mag":"2970634725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2937050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2937050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/402002318/Reliability_Oriented_Design_of_Modular_Multilevel_Converters_for_Medium_Voltage_STATCOM.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062794978","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Victor Matos Farias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-6503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136482","display_name":"Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/04ch49185","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136482"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joao Victor Matos Farias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-6503","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061689406","display_name":"Allan Fagner Cupertino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8418-1985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136482","display_name":"Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/04ch49185","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136482"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allan Fagner Cupertino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8418-1985","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101596613","display_name":"Victor de Nazareth Ferreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-4288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor de Nazareth Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-4288","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086914257","display_name":"Heverton Augusto Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-7815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146165071","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa","ror":"https://ror.org/0409dgb37","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146165071"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heverton Augusto Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-7815","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146165071"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050150135","display_name":"Seleme Isaac Seleme","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8541-8737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seleme Isaac Seleme","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8541-8737","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019644280","display_name":"Remus Teodorescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2617-7168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Remus Teodorescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2617-7168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3782,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8906826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"8","first_page":"6206","last_page":"6214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.8440364599227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.7278454899787903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6641726493835449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5920549631118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5212491154670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4654581844806671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.43242383003234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.37263762950897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3720944821834564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2803419232368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10173973441123962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.8440364599227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.7278454899787903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6641726493835449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5920549631118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5212491154670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4654581844806671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.43242383003234863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37263762950897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3720944821834564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2803419232368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10173973441123962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2937050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2937050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ac609224-259a-4d3b-80ba-e086f35cc3f0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083173096&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/402002318/Reliability_Oriented_Design_of_Modular_Multilevel_Converters_for_Medium_Voltage_STATCOM.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Farias, J V M, Cupertino, A F, Ferreira, V D N, Pereira, H A, Seleme, S I & Teodorescu, R 2020, 'Reliability-Oriented Design of Modular Multilevel Converters for Medium-Voltage STATCOM', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 67, no. 8, 8818632, pp. 6206-6214. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2019.2937050","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/ac609224-259a-4d3b-80ba-e086f35cc3f0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/ac609224-259a-4d3b-80ba-e086f35cc3f0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Farias, J V M, Cupertino, A F, Ferreira, V D N, Pereira, H A, Seleme, S I & Teodorescu, R 2020, 'Reliability-Oriented Design of Modular Multilevel Converters for Medium-Voltage STATCOM', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 67, no. 8, 8818632, pp. 6206-6214. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2019.2937050","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ac609224-259a-4d3b-80ba-e086f35cc3f0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083173096&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/402002318/Reliability_Oriented_Design_of_Modular_Multilevel_Converters_for_Medium_Voltage_STATCOM.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Farias, J V M, Cupertino, A F, Ferreira, V D N, Pereira, H A, Seleme, S I & Teodorescu, R 2020, 'Reliability-Oriented Design of Modular Multilevel Converters for Medium-Voltage STATCOM', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 67, no. 8, 8818632, pp. 6206-6214. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2019.2937050","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1426168670","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Code 001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G29316538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(code 001)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","funder_display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/00nc55f03"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2970634725.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2970634725.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1914745522","https://openalex.org/W1982574138","https://openalex.org/W1983818427","https://openalex.org/W1992456171","https://openalex.org/W2008470559","https://openalex.org/W2074228115","https://openalex.org/W2121271034","https://openalex.org/W2136258970","https://openalex.org/W2143182093","https://openalex.org/W2150763729","https://openalex.org/W2230698191","https://openalex.org/W2306830135","https://openalex.org/W2333010560","https://openalex.org/W2517695988","https://openalex.org/W2548863506","https://openalex.org/W2598584805","https://openalex.org/W2611710136","https://openalex.org/W2622293153","https://openalex.org/W2735162709","https://openalex.org/W2767780497","https://openalex.org/W2770507589","https://openalex.org/W2783863769","https://openalex.org/W2784130885","https://openalex.org/W2786534816","https://openalex.org/W2801152416","https://openalex.org/W3149443718","https://openalex.org/W7008823207"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033512842","https://openalex.org/W4233600955","https://openalex.org/W4322734194","https://openalex.org/W3116237489","https://openalex.org/W4404996554","https://openalex.org/W2913665393","https://openalex.org/W2369695847","https://openalex.org/W3005535424","https://openalex.org/W2994319598","https://openalex.org/W2047067935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modular":[0],"multilevel":[1],"converters":[2],"(MMC)":[3],"are":[4],"complex":[5],"systems,":[6],"composed":[7],"of":[8,24,28,41,74,83,133],"many":[9],"elements,":[10],"and":[11,48,90,137],"exposed":[12],"to":[13,31,61,124],"critical":[14],"load":[15],"demands":[16],"in":[17],"some":[18],"cases.":[19],"Thereby,":[20],"a":[21,33,53,63,99,111],"detailed":[22],"design":[23,55,127],"its":[25],"components":[26],"is":[27,116,122],"preeminent":[29],"importance":[30],"achieve":[32,62],"high":[34,39],"system-level":[35],"reliability.":[36,49],"However,":[37],"the":[38,44,59,71,75,78,91,96],"number":[40],"devices":[42,132],"challenges":[43],"tradeoff":[45],"between":[46],"cost":[47,60,120],"This":[50],"article,":[51],"introduces":[52],"reliability-oriented":[54,92],"methodology,":[56,98],"based":[57,129],"on":[58,130],"predefined":[64],"unreliability":[65],"level":[66],"(U\u221e).":[67],"A":[68,118],"flowchart":[69],"presents":[70],"main":[72],"steps":[73],"process,":[76],"including":[77],"mission":[79,113],"profile":[80,114],"definition,":[81],"selection":[82],"power":[84,131],"devices,":[85],"thermal":[86],"modeling,":[87,89],"reliability":[88],"selection.":[93],"To":[94],"evaluate":[95],"proposed":[97],"case":[100],"study":[101],"considering":[102],"17":[103],"MVA/13.8":[104],"kV":[105],"MMC-static":[106],"synchronous":[107],"compensator":[108],"(STATCOM)":[109],"with":[110],"real":[112],"data":[115],"conducted.":[117],"U\u221e-":[119],"map":[121],"introduced":[123],"compare":[125],"various":[126],"solutions,":[128],"different":[134],"voltage":[135],"classes":[136],"current":[138],"capabilities.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-03T07:22:36.454288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
