{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968875725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","title":"Double-Thyristor-Based Protection for Valve-Side Single-Phase-to-Ground Faults in HB-MMC-Based Bipolar HVDC Systems","display_name":"Double-Thyristor-Based Protection for Valve-Side Single-Phase-to-Ground Faults in HB-MMC-Based Bipolar HVDC Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968875725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","mag":"2968875725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/41/9034213/08790962.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/41/9034213/08790962.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357017","display_name":"Gen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-9493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062341085","display_name":"Wei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7712-076X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081653298","display_name":"Tibin Joseph","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-1118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tibin Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004183536","display_name":"Jun Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-449X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071714458","display_name":"Ziming Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4663-4394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziming Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toshiba International (Europe) Ltd., Uxbridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toshiba International (Europe) Ltd., Uxbridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100357017"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1715,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88074714,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"7","first_page":"5810","last_page":"5815"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14502","display_name":"High-Voltage Power Transmission Systems","score":0.9526000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12598","display_name":"Cardiac Structural Anomalies and Repair","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyristor","display_name":"Thyristor","score":0.8632488250732422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overvoltage","display_name":"Overvoltage","score":0.8054519891738892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.6199938058853149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5677187442779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.5277978777885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5114556550979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-breaker","display_name":"Circuit breaker","score":0.4868852198123932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hvdc-converter","display_name":"HVDC converter","score":0.4455111622810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4435841739177704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.42436492443084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.341560423374176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.27590107917785645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121922863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180805","display_name":"Thyristor","level":3,"score":0.8632488250732422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15703209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333883","display_name":"Overvoltage","level":3,"score":0.8054519891738892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.6199938058853149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5677187442779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5277978777885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5114556550979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61352017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211058","display_name":"Circuit breaker","level":2,"score":0.4868852198123932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780705257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5636221","display_name":"HVDC converter","level":4,"score":0.4455111622810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4435841739177704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.42436492443084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.341560423374176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27590107917785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/41/9034213/08790962.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:http://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:124577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:http://orca-dev.cardiff.ac.uk:124577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/124577/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2931502","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/41/9034213/08790962.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1001562981","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"765585","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1974542962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Sk\u0142odowska","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2689612763","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Marie","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2786304416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Action","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3413233982","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L021455/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G358458977","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"765585","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6100177302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Sk\u0142odowska","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7901872499","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Marie","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7955706205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","funder_display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8051717526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338337","display_name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2968875725.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2968875725.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1899615182","https://openalex.org/W2070917720","https://openalex.org/W2147007099","https://openalex.org/W2306070435","https://openalex.org/W2320897256","https://openalex.org/W2345919133","https://openalex.org/W2602771137","https://openalex.org/W2737476802","https://openalex.org/W2752833821","https://openalex.org/W2770010070","https://openalex.org/W2771339695","https://openalex.org/W2795466854","https://openalex.org/W2801699806","https://openalex.org/W2898780913","https://openalex.org/W6681936959","https://openalex.org/W6755847873"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968135762","https://openalex.org/W2135554839","https://openalex.org/W2121190838","https://openalex.org/W2743540778","https://openalex.org/W2560218374","https://openalex.org/W2527904970","https://openalex.org/W2567881754","https://openalex.org/W2944406921","https://openalex.org/W2752970703","https://openalex.org/W2993923914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,118],"valve-side":[1],"single-phase-to-ground":[2],"(SPG)":[3],"faults":[4],"in":[5,28,35,62,67,91,128,135],"the":[6,24,36,68,72,76,78,92,97,106,109,112,121],"half-bridge":[7],"modular":[8],"multilevel":[9],"converter":[10,29,100],"(HB-MMC)-based":[11],"bipolar":[12,130],"high-voltage":[13],"direct-current":[14],"(HVdc)":[15],"systems":[16],"induce":[17],"some":[18],"special":[19],"fault":[20,80],"consequences:":[21],"overvoltage":[22,115],"on":[23,49],"submodule":[25],"(SM)":[26],"capacitors":[27],"upper":[30,113],"arms":[31,70],"and":[32],"nonzero-crossing":[33],"currents":[34],"grid-side":[37,93],"ac":[38,101],"circuit":[39],"breaker":[40],"(ACCB).":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"letter,":[44],"a":[45,84,129],"protection":[46,123],"strategy":[47,124],"based":[48],"converter-embedded":[50],"double-thyristors":[51,59],"is":[52,81,116],"proposed":[53,122],"to":[54],"address":[55],"these":[56],"issues.":[57],"are":[60,103],"installed":[61],"parallel":[63],"with":[64],"each":[65],"SM":[66],"lower":[69],"of":[71,99,120],"converter.":[73],"By":[74],"triggering":[75],"double-thyristors,":[77,111],"SPG":[79],"converted":[82],"into":[83],"three-phase":[85],"short-circuit":[86],"that":[87],"ensures":[88],"current":[89],"zero-crossings":[90],"ACCB.":[94],"Moreover,":[95],"as":[96],"voltages":[98],"buses":[102],"clamped":[104],"by":[105],"ground":[107],"through":[108],"triggered":[110],"arm":[114],"mitigated.":[117],"effectiveness":[119],"has":[125],"been":[126],"verified":[127],"HB-MMC":[131],"HVdc":[132],"link":[133],"built":[134],"PSCAD/EMTDC.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2019-08-22T00:00:00"}
