{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913423169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2897537","title":"S-Hybrid Step-Down DC\u2013DC Converter\u2014Analysis of Operation and Design Considerations","display_name":"S-Hybrid Step-Down DC\u2013DC Converter\u2014Analysis of Operation and Design Considerations","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913423169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2897537","mag":"2913423169"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2897537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2897537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1503818","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068244189","display_name":"Gab\u2010Su Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-5978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297288678","display_name":"National Laboratory of the Rockies","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800842121"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gab-Su Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power Systems Engineering Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-5978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Systems Engineering Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030237378","display_name":"Hanh\u2010Phuc Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-3682"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanh-Phuc Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Bouder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-3682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Bouder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068244189"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91593782,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"1","first_page":"265","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductor","display_name":"Inductor","score":0.8444978594779968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boost-converter","display_name":"Boost converter","score":0.5812761783599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buck\u2013boost-converter","display_name":"Buck\u2013boost converter","score":0.5613460540771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buck-converter","display_name":"Buck converter","score":0.5498818755149841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductance","display_name":"Inductance","score":0.5012414455413818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.49374493956565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.47070571780204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switched-capacitor","display_name":"Switched capacitor","score":0.456473171710968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.43212050199508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4183935821056366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/\u0107uk-converter","display_name":"\u0106uk converter","score":0.41808217763900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39311718940734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3838346004486084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144534570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5325","display_name":"Inductor","level":3,"score":0.8444978594779968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760134","display_name":"Boost converter","level":3,"score":0.5812761783599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42043438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671740","display_name":"Buck\u2013boost converter","level":4,"score":0.5613460540771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150818752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83804","display_name":"Buck converter","level":3,"score":0.5498818755149841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29210110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897","display_name":"Inductance","level":3,"score":0.5012414455413818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.49374493956565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.47070571780204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103357873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572656","display_name":"Switched capacitor","level":4,"score":0.456473171710968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.43212050199508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4183935821056366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100329506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336439","display_name":"\u0106uk converter","level":4,"score":0.41808217763900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39311718940734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3838346004486084}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2897537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2897537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt8400f4vs","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8400f4vs","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, vol 67, iss 1","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1503818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1503818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1503818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1503818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1304107674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC36-08GO28308","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311855","display_name":"University of Colorado","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338290","display_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607032092","https://openalex.org/W1968233211","https://openalex.org/W1971634392","https://openalex.org/W2001442398","https://openalex.org/W2040597092","https://openalex.org/W2048153962","https://openalex.org/W2129348065","https://openalex.org/W2158552598","https://openalex.org/W2344460661","https://openalex.org/W2345293957","https://openalex.org/W2557398028","https://openalex.org/W2592432976","https://openalex.org/W2607177860","https://openalex.org/W2614667801","https://openalex.org/W2639407109","https://openalex.org/W2750544687","https://openalex.org/W2753612196","https://openalex.org/W2773982957","https://openalex.org/W2775895173","https://openalex.org/W4212943919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169705106","https://openalex.org/W2249417072","https://openalex.org/W2134431346","https://openalex.org/W2945746437","https://openalex.org/W2922286721","https://openalex.org/W3023706037","https://openalex.org/W2798590431","https://openalex.org/W2168219526","https://openalex.org/W2104535426","https://openalex.org/W2789103314"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,32,136],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,42,51,92,102,116,132,144],"new":[4],"highly":[5],"integrable":[6],"hybrid":[7],"step-down":[8],"converter":[9,33,67,87,134],"that":[10,58,100],"merges":[11],"switched-inductor":[12],"and":[13,16,54,69,76,124,139,157],"switched-capacitor":[14],"operations":[15],"significantly":[17],"reduces":[18],"onboard":[19,141,147],"loss":[20,148],"by":[21,91],"using":[22],"the":[23,35,39,83],"input":[24,40],"cable's":[25],"parasitic":[26],"inductance":[27],"as":[28,107],"its":[29,73],"main":[30],"inductor.":[31,108],"has":[34],"inductor":[36,53,142],"placed":[37],"at":[38,112,128,150],"with":[41],"smaller":[43,52],"voltage":[44],"swing,":[45],"leading":[46],"to":[47,61,71,81],"possible":[48],"use":[49],"of":[50,66],"low-voltage":[55],"rating":[56],"switches":[57],"generally":[59],"translate":[60],"reduced":[62],"conduction":[63],"losses.":[64],"Analyses":[65],"operation":[68],"losses":[70],"reveal":[72],"original":[74],"characteristics":[75],"design":[77],"guidelines":[78],"are":[79],"presented":[80],"facilitate":[82],"components":[84],"optimization.":[85],"The":[86,109],"architecture":[88],"is":[89],"verified":[90],"proof-of-concept":[93],"15-W":[94],"inductor-less":[95],"lithium-ion":[96],"battery":[97],"charger":[98],"prototype":[99],"uses":[101],"1-m":[103],"USB":[104],"3.0":[105],"cable":[106],"converter,":[110],"switched":[111],"2":[113],"MHz":[114],"from":[115],"5-V":[117],"input,":[118],"experimentally":[119],"achieves":[120],"89.7%":[121],"peak":[122],"efficiency":[123,127,138],"6%":[125],"higher":[126],"full":[129,151],"load":[130],"than":[131],"Buck":[133],"counterpart.":[135],"high":[137],"zero":[140],"yield":[143],"relative":[145],"45.7%":[146],"reduction":[149],"load,":[152],"promising":[153],"excellent":[154],"integration":[155],"feasibility":[156],"superior":[158],"system":[159],"thermal":[160],"management.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-15T08:27:34.491423","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
