{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901351828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2877117","title":"Behavior Study of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Based on a New Normalized Model","display_name":"Behavior Study of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Based on a New Normalized Model","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901351828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2877117","mag":"2901351828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2877117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2877117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036154095","display_name":"Hao Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-8748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["McMaster Automotive Resource Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-8748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McMaster Automotive Resource Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086884061","display_name":"James Weisheng Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0158-9473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Weisheng Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["McMaster Automotive Resource Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0158-9473","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McMaster Automotive Resource Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447775","display_name":"Jin Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-5104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-5104","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079326512","display_name":"Ali Emadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0676-1455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Emadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0676-1455","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74883332,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"10","first_page":"7539","last_page":"7550"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.7110838294029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction-motor","display_name":"Traction motor","score":0.6038157343864441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-motor","display_name":"Synchronous motor","score":0.5835897326469421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5832441449165344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction","display_name":"Traction (geology)","score":0.5679557919502258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5261157155036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-loss","display_name":"Copper loss","score":0.5202123522758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4749353528022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.4641951322555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.441097617149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-factor","display_name":"Power factor","score":0.42548608779907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3635634779930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.32961148023605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30337250232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.237295001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.19857391715049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11977756023406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11419147253036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.1097659170627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07152092456817627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.7110838294029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136269787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392476","display_name":"Traction motor","level":2,"score":0.6038157343864441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675","display_name":"Synchronous motor","level":2,"score":0.5835897326469421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5832441449165344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38834483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17000223","display_name":"Traction (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5679557919502258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5261157155036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61906436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225223","display_name":"Copper loss","level":3,"score":0.5202123522758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4749353528022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.4641951322555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.441097617149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64424096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750454","display_name":"Power factor","level":3,"score":0.42548608779907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3635634779930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.32961148023605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30337250232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.237295001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.19857391715049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11977756023406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11419147253036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1097659170627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07152092456817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2877117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2877117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W624383976","https://openalex.org/W1496598180","https://openalex.org/W1555307114","https://openalex.org/W1696874166","https://openalex.org/W1935317970","https://openalex.org/W1997949845","https://openalex.org/W2009306937","https://openalex.org/W2046990436","https://openalex.org/W2057114412","https://openalex.org/W2072371799","https://openalex.org/W2114657225","https://openalex.org/W2133317139","https://openalex.org/W2138688834","https://openalex.org/W2162989766","https://openalex.org/W2166262122","https://openalex.org/W2221242966","https://openalex.org/W2320488155","https://openalex.org/W2476911759","https://openalex.org/W2552740242","https://openalex.org/W2587989084","https://openalex.org/W2593681031","https://openalex.org/W2744024085","https://openalex.org/W3016604242","https://openalex.org/W4229515943","https://openalex.org/W6629640058","https://openalex.org/W6633178580","https://openalex.org/W6637519288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111144918","https://openalex.org/W1976520621","https://openalex.org/W2348558123","https://openalex.org/W2134656663","https://openalex.org/W2611710579","https://openalex.org/W2004443848","https://openalex.org/W2810609448","https://openalex.org/W2543542269","https://openalex.org/W1546769248","https://openalex.org/W4320060176"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Permanent":[0],"magnet":[1],"synchronous":[2],"machines":[3],"(PMSMs)":[4],"are":[5,89,180],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"in":[8,34],"many":[9],"applications.":[10],"The":[11,110,168],"performance":[12],"of":[13,36,108,174],"the":[14,20,31,65,73,104,114,121,129,137,155,172,175,184],"PMSM":[15,32,51],"is":[16,100,117,151,165],"highly":[17],"dependent":[18],"on":[19,69,113,120,154],"motor":[21,66,76,115,158,177],"parameters.":[22],"Many":[23],"research":[24],"studies":[25],"have":[26],"been":[27],"done":[28],"to":[29,62,102],"evaluate":[30,103],"performances":[33],"terms":[35],"maximum":[37],"torque":[38,79],"capability,":[39,41,80,82],"power":[40,81,86],"and":[42,53,59,85,161,171],"field-weakening":[43,130],"capability.":[44],"This":[45],"paper":[46],"proposes":[47],"a":[48,162],"new":[49,93,141],"normalized":[50,71],"model":[52],"uses":[54],"two":[55],"parameters,":[56],"characteristic":[57,131],"current":[58],"saliency":[60],"ratio,":[61],"uniquely":[63],"define":[64],"characteristic.":[67],"Based":[68],"this":[70],"model,":[72],"full":[74,156],"map":[75,157],"behaviors,":[77,88],"including":[78],"torque/power-speed":[83],"characteristics,":[84],"factor":[87],"studied":[90,118],"parametrically.":[91],"A":[92,140],"unitless":[94],"metric,":[95],"i.e.,":[96],"copper":[97,105],"loss":[98,106],"factor,":[99],"introduced":[101],"variation":[107],"PMSMs.":[109],"saturation":[111],"effect":[112],"behavior":[116,159,169],"based":[119,153],"2004":[122],"Prius":[123],"traction":[124,145,176],"motor,":[125],"which":[126,147],"confirms":[127],"that":[128],"can":[132],"be":[133],"well":[134],"predicted":[135],"using":[136],"linearized":[138],"model.":[139],"design":[142,178],"flow":[143,179],"for":[144],"PMSMs,":[146],"requires":[148],"wide-speed":[149],"operation,":[150],"proposed":[152],"study,":[160],"prototype":[163],"machine":[164],"designed":[166],"accordingly.":[167],"study":[170],"effectiveness":[173],"validated":[181],"experimentally":[182],"by":[183],"prototype.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
