{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2897111782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2874583","title":"Low-Cost, Tiny-Sized MEMS Hydrophone Sensor for Water Pipeline Leak Detection","display_name":"Low-Cost, Tiny-Sized MEMS Hydrophone Sensor for Water Pipeline Leak Detection","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2897111782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2874583","mag":"2897111782"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2874583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2874583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101751503","display_name":"Jinghui Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-2843"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinghui Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["MEMSound Pte. Ltd., 823270"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MEMSound Pte. Ltd., 823270","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108556478","display_name":"Kevin Tshun-Chuan Chai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Tshun-Chuan Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000512588","display_name":"Guoqiang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3458-0595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqiang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3458-0595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101047352","display_name":"Beibei Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beibei Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007848588","display_name":"Eva Leong-Ching Wai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva Leong-Ching Wai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100644295","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-7134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110591","display_name":"A*STAR Joint Council Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01pz9tv63","country_code":"SG","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210110591"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["JCS Group, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JCS Group, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066652604","display_name":"Jason Hock Huat Yeo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6853-686X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110591","display_name":"A*STAR Joint Council Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01pz9tv63","country_code":"SG","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210110591"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Yeo","raw_affiliation_strings":["JCS Group, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6853-686X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JCS Group, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072691645","display_name":"Edwin Nijhof","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110591","display_name":"A*STAR Joint Council Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01pz9tv63","country_code":"SG","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210110591"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edwin Nijhof","raw_affiliation_strings":["JCS Group, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JCS Group, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110591"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061281168","display_name":"Yuandong Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-3105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuandong Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-3105","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1258,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":130,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97919989,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"8","first_page":"6374","last_page":"6382"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrophone","display_name":"Hydrophone","score":0.919917106628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leak","display_name":"Leak","score":0.6967957019805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.6800792217254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microelectromechanical-systems","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","score":0.5988701581954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5545679926872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline-transport","display_name":"Pipeline transport","score":0.4648441672325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.45001569390296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4274163246154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2985193133354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2223038673400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.21932834386825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13973215222358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.11009678244590759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776328434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798062","display_name":"Hydrophone","level":2,"score":0.919917106628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349983","display_name":"Leak","level":2,"score":0.6967957019805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.6800792217254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37977207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175561","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","level":2,"score":0.5988701581954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5545679926872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175309249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725864","display_name":"Pipeline transport","level":2,"score":0.4648441672325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.45001569390296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4274163246154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2985193133354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2223038673400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.21932834386825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13973215222358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11009678244590759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2874583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2874583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307855","display_name":"World Bank Group","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309369","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W627113175","https://openalex.org/W654531675","https://openalex.org/W658815926","https://openalex.org/W967227796","https://openalex.org/W979429961","https://openalex.org/W1552741051","https://openalex.org/W1987678456","https://openalex.org/W2023551333","https://openalex.org/W2051244870","https://openalex.org/W2077579967","https://openalex.org/W2124744541","https://openalex.org/W2126530251","https://openalex.org/W2145458239","https://openalex.org/W2160950131","https://openalex.org/W2262186734","https://openalex.org/W2290418103","https://openalex.org/W2317413303","https://openalex.org/W2505965987","https://openalex.org/W2580971017","https://openalex.org/W2751705543","https://openalex.org/W6625513513","https://openalex.org/W6633146865","https://openalex.org/W6683484790","https://openalex.org/W6891569531"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3165034876","https://openalex.org/W2024940638","https://openalex.org/W2779322983","https://openalex.org/W2048890015","https://openalex.org/W2604754658","https://openalex.org/W4210839965","https://openalex.org/W2362281315","https://openalex.org/W4385841169","https://openalex.org/W2330191542","https://openalex.org/W2072942332"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"an":[5,66,88,127,218],"experimental":[6],"investigation":[7],"of":[8,41,74,91,109,121,130,135,140,162,180,197],"a":[9,17,60,97,106],"water":[10,124,151,199],"pipeline":[11,125,226],"leak":[12,152,156,159,204,208],"detection":[13],"system":[14,26],"based":[15,230],"on":[16,231],"low-cost,":[18],"tiny-sized":[19],"hydrophone":[20,36,55,77,86,190],"sensor":[21],"fabricated":[22],"using":[23,65],"the":[24,52,75,146,150,171,181,188,193,198,203,207,214,232],"microelectromechanical":[25],"(MEMS)":[27],"technologies.":[28],"A":[29,119],"10":[30,32,100,131],"\u00d7":[31,43,80],"element":[33],"arrayed":[34],"MEMS":[35,76,85,189,233],"device":[37,56],"with":[38,59,126,158],"chip":[39],"size":[40,73],"3.5":[42,44],"mm":[45],"<sup":[46],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[47],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[48],"was":[49],"used":[50],"in":[51],"experiment.":[53],"The":[54,70,83,210],"is":[57,78,143,174],"packaged":[58,84],"customized":[61],"on-board":[62],"preamplification":[63],"circuit":[64],"acoustic":[67,89,195],"transparent":[68],"material.":[69],"overall":[71],"package":[72],"\u03a61.2":[79],"2.5":[81],"cm.":[82],"achieves":[87],"sensitivity":[90],"-180":[92],"dB":[93,112],"(re:":[94,113],"1":[95,114,117],"V/\u03bcPa),":[96],"bandwidth":[98],"from":[99],"Hz":[101],"to":[102,216,236],"8":[103],"kHz,":[104],"and":[105,138,165,184,205,223,242],"noise":[107],"resolution":[108],"around":[110],"60":[111],"\u03bcPa/\u221aHz)":[115],"at":[116,176],"kHz.":[118],"section":[120],"ductile":[122],"iron":[123],"internal":[128],"diameter":[129],"cm,":[132,137],"wall":[133],"thickness":[134],"0.73":[136],"length":[139],"30":[141,164],"m":[142],"constructed":[144],"as":[145],"test":[147],"bed":[148],"for":[149],"detection.":[153],"Two":[154],"different":[155],"sizes":[157],"flow":[160],"rates":[161],"about":[163],"180":[166],"L/min":[167],"are":[168],"designed":[169],"along":[170],"pipe,":[172],"which":[173],"pressurized":[175],"3.2":[177],"bar.":[178],"Analysis":[179],"transient":[182],"signals":[183],"spectrograms":[185],"shows":[186],"that":[187],"can":[191],"capture":[192],"key":[194],"information":[196],"leak,":[200],"i.e.,":[201],"identifying":[202],"locating":[206],"position.":[209],"measurement":[211],"results":[212],"demonstrate":[213],"feasibility":[215],"construct":[217],"affordable,":[219],"highly":[220],"efficient,":[221],"real-time,":[222],"permanent":[224],"in-pipe":[225],"health":[227],"monitoring":[228],"network":[229],"hydrophones":[234],"due":[235],"their":[237],"high":[238],"performance,":[239],"low":[240],"cost,":[241],"tiny":[243],"size.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
