{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2884245875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2854575","title":"Analysis of Back-EMF in Flux-Reversal Permanent Magnet Machines by Air Gap Field Modulation Theory","display_name":"Analysis of Back-EMF in Flux-Reversal Permanent Magnet Machines by Air Gap Field Modulation Theory","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2884245875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2854575","mag":"2884245875"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2854575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2854575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101461910","display_name":"Xiaofeng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-0794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-0794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403937","display_name":"Wei Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-9712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-9712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391657","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-8189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-8189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100608421","display_name":"Wentao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7975,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93920616,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"5","first_page":"3344","last_page":"3355"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.8141753077507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counter-electromotive-force","display_name":"Counter-electromotive force","score":0.7951122522354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permeance","display_name":"Permeance","score":0.7833939790725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.7169946432113647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-gap","display_name":"Air gap (plumbing)","score":0.6519054174423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-analysis","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","score":0.5961071252822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromotive-force","display_name":"Electromotive force","score":0.5637811422348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.47796177864074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.4691644608974457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.457007497549057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"Magnetization","score":0.45227840542793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4471844434738159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4384306073188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4212576746940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux","display_name":"Magnetic flux","score":0.4209979772567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39391380548477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.3320108652114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.3113285303115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.27622106671333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.2701200246810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.2271282970905304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2256026566028595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2206263542175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.05497300624847412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.8141753077507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3775766","display_name":"Counter-electromotive force","level":3,"score":0.7951122522354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21535326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2394476","display_name":"Permeance","level":4,"score":0.7833939790725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.7169946432113647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50587689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698328","display_name":"Air gap (plumbing)","level":2,"score":0.6519054174423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131770355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876215","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","level":2,"score":0.5961071252822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127535462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185329","display_name":"Electromotive force","level":2,"score":0.5637811422348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.47796177864074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.4691644608974457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.457007497549057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.45227840542793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4471844434738159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4384306073188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4212576746940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.4209979772567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39391380548477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.3320108652114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.3113285303115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.27622106671333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.2701200246810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2271282970905304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2256026566028595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2206263542175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.05497300624847412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50670333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907651","display_name":"Permeation","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2854575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2854575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487459802","https://openalex.org/W1531427561","https://openalex.org/W2004864667","https://openalex.org/W2006699692","https://openalex.org/W2009984967","https://openalex.org/W2010043938","https://openalex.org/W2073390362","https://openalex.org/W2088306522","https://openalex.org/W2095722010","https://openalex.org/W2097085972","https://openalex.org/W2102221984","https://openalex.org/W2114502805","https://openalex.org/W2131892169","https://openalex.org/W2149816803","https://openalex.org/W2159751056","https://openalex.org/W2159770667","https://openalex.org/W2214303824","https://openalex.org/W2288949760","https://openalex.org/W2316473420","https://openalex.org/W2342595298","https://openalex.org/W2342786839","https://openalex.org/W2344365254","https://openalex.org/W2344843117","https://openalex.org/W2404007804","https://openalex.org/W2465100046","https://openalex.org/W2522954890","https://openalex.org/W2523532931","https://openalex.org/W2535773882","https://openalex.org/W2552673517","https://openalex.org/W2561559158","https://openalex.org/W2569685222","https://openalex.org/W2571710266","https://openalex.org/W2575158374","https://openalex.org/W2577426531","https://openalex.org/W2591940094","https://openalex.org/W2597132538","https://openalex.org/W2597255011","https://openalex.org/W2605415901","https://openalex.org/W2605660258","https://openalex.org/W2765679719","https://openalex.org/W2768549578","https://openalex.org/W2791289615","https://openalex.org/W4245727059","https://openalex.org/W6631855401","https://openalex.org/W6651607284","https://openalex.org/W6651946135"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384991294","https://openalex.org/W2922946477","https://openalex.org/W2370607079","https://openalex.org/W2898542633","https://openalex.org/W2786031578","https://openalex.org/W2091257422","https://openalex.org/W2123462120","https://openalex.org/W4220955399","https://openalex.org/W4310479532","https://openalex.org/W1978946703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,68,104],"paper,":[2],"the":[3,9,28,44,70,80,85,101,107,122,143],"back-electromotive":[4],"force":[5,31],"(back-EMF)":[6],"characteristics":[7,124],"of":[8,73,87,103,125],"flux-reversal":[10],"permanent":[11,45],"magnet":[12],"(FRPM)":[13],"machines":[14,136],"with":[15,100,129],"different":[16],"magnetization":[17,109],"methods":[18],"and":[19,24,48,113,139],"winding":[20,111],"layouts":[21],"are":[22,137],"analyzed":[23],"synthesized":[25],"based":[26],"on":[27,67,91],"magneto":[29],"motive":[30],"(MMF)-permeance":[32],"model.":[33],"The":[34],"air":[35,50],"gap":[36,51],"field":[37],"modulation":[38,105],"theory":[39],"is":[40,93,97],"utilized":[41],"to":[42,59,120,141],"investigate":[43],"magnet-MMF":[46],"harmonics":[47,54],"open-circuit":[49],"flux":[52],"density":[53],"that":[55,99],"make":[56],"a":[57],"contribution":[58],"back-EMF":[60,74,92,123],"as":[61,63],"well":[62],"its":[64],"harmonics.":[65],"Based":[66],"analysis,":[69],"specific":[71],"harmonic":[72],"can":[75,117],"be":[76,118],"reduced":[77],"by":[78],"suppressing":[79],"corresponding":[81],"PM-MMF":[82],"harmonic.":[83],"Besides,":[84],"influence":[86],"rotor":[88,114],"pole":[89,115],"number":[90,116],"also":[94],"studied.":[95],"It":[96],"found":[98],"aid":[102],"theory,":[106],"reasonable":[108],"method,":[110],"layout,":[112],"obtained":[119],"improve":[121],"an":[126,130],"FRPM":[127],"machine":[128],"arbitrary":[131],"slot/pole":[132],"combination.":[133],"Furthermore,":[134],"prototype":[135],"manufactured":[138],"tested":[140],"verify":[142],"analytical":[144],"predictions.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}