{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2789374746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2795524","title":"Quality-Index Based Distributed Secondary Controller for a Low-Voltage DC Microgrid","display_name":"Quality-Index Based Distributed Secondary Controller for a Low-Voltage DC Microgrid","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2789374746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2795524","mag":"2789374746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2795524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2795524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012306709","display_name":"Anoop Ingle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146682","display_name":"Intel (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2n1245","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anoop Ingle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","Intel India Technologies, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel India Technologies, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090817314","display_name":"A. Shyam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. B. Shyam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9671-6801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044927264","display_name":"Soumya Ranjan Sahoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-9889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soumya Ranjan Sahoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-9889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022515671","display_name":"Sandeep Anand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-8715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146682","display_name":"Intel (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2n1245","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandeep Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","Intel India Technologies, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel India Technologies, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.934,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94013651,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"9","first_page":"7004","last_page":"7014"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11007","display_name":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.9734157919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.9125675559043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.6510598063468933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.571189284324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5175201892852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5016310214996338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controller","display_name":"Voltage controller","score":0.5013055801391602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulation","display_name":"Voltage regulation","score":0.4803149104118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-voltage","display_name":"Low voltage","score":0.45645827054977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.39465242624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-source","display_name":"Voltage source","score":0.3809577524662018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3528731167316437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.24780642986297607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20105400681495667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.9734157919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.9125675559043884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6510598063468933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.571189284324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5175201892852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5016310214996338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156120966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7940742","display_name":"Voltage controller","level":5,"score":0.5013055801391602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196226539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7940752","display_name":"Voltage regulation","level":3,"score":0.4803149104118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128624480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504817","display_name":"Low voltage","level":3,"score":0.45645827054977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.39465242624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144655898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161128","display_name":"Voltage source","level":3,"score":0.3809577524662018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3528731167316437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.24780642986297607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20105400681495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2795524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2795524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504052325","https://openalex.org/W1589163333","https://openalex.org/W1966322913","https://openalex.org/W1980187301","https://openalex.org/W1992339697","https://openalex.org/W2006114567","https://openalex.org/W2008613628","https://openalex.org/W2025011158","https://openalex.org/W2026923967","https://openalex.org/W2054684126","https://openalex.org/W2079894633","https://openalex.org/W2084943452","https://openalex.org/W2099373322","https://openalex.org/W2105303942","https://openalex.org/W2127086830","https://openalex.org/W2165822319","https://openalex.org/W2171958955","https://openalex.org/W2277920473","https://openalex.org/W2311260476","https://openalex.org/W2313470347","https://openalex.org/W2325951810","https://openalex.org/W2343746285","https://openalex.org/W2568203884","https://openalex.org/W2590050096","https://openalex.org/W2602788788","https://openalex.org/W2604481479","https://openalex.org/W2608197263","https://openalex.org/W6684970034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2269166041","https://openalex.org/W2977399316","https://openalex.org/W2409882009","https://openalex.org/W2980232854","https://openalex.org/W4386072451","https://openalex.org/W2805471441","https://openalex.org/W2549915894","https://openalex.org/W2141242302","https://openalex.org/W2037194188","https://openalex.org/W2103280697"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sources":[0],"in":[1,162,185],"a":[2,9,40,96,115,186,207,215],"dc":[3,217],"microgrid":[4,187,218],"are":[5,51,189],"required":[6],"to":[7,39,53,99,135],"have":[8],"proportional":[10,24],"current":[11,25,88,169,178],"sharing":[12,127,179],"and":[13,85,124,181],"an":[14,32],"improved":[15],"voltage":[16,29,57,65,84,122,183],"regulation.":[17],"Conventional":[18],"droop-based":[19],"control":[20],"techniques":[21,74],"achieve":[22],"the":[23,28,47,56,63,68,77,82,86,101,121,125,137,143,152,155,163,177,182,197,201],"sharing,":[26],"but":[27],"regulation":[30,58,66,123,184],"of":[31,43,59,67,72,80,89,106,118,154,196,200],"individual":[33,90],"bus":[34,61],"may":[35],"be":[36],"large":[37],"due":[38],"high":[41],"value":[42],"droop":[44,139,193],"gains.":[45],"In":[46],"literature,":[48],"secondary":[49],"controllers":[50],"discussed":[52],"improve":[54],"either":[55],"one":[60],"or":[62],"average":[64,117],"entire":[69],"system.":[70],"Most":[71],"these":[73],"rely":[75],"on":[76,142,192,214],"communicated":[78],"values":[79,195],"both":[81],"terminal":[83],"output":[87,168],"sources.":[91,174,198],"This":[92],"paper":[93],"puts":[94],"forth":[95],"new":[97],"approach":[98],"address":[100],"aforementioned":[102],"issues.":[103],"A":[104],"figure":[105],"merit":[107],"called":[108],"quality":[109,144],"index":[110,145],"is":[111,146,171,204,212],"introduced,":[112],"which":[113],"constitutes":[114],"weighted":[116],"terms":[119],"representing":[120],"power":[126],"at":[128],"each":[129],"source":[130],"bus/node.":[131],"An":[132],"online":[133],"algorithm":[134,203],"find":[136],"optimal":[138],"coefficient":[140],"based":[141,191],"suggested.":[147],"It":[148],"does":[149],"not":[150],"require":[151],"knowledge":[153],"system":[156,188],"parameters.":[157],"Furthermore,":[158],"it":[159],"reduces":[160],"congestion":[161],"communication":[164],"network,":[165],"as":[166],"only":[167],"information":[170],"exchanged":[172],"among":[173],"Equations":[175],"for":[176],"error":[180],"derived":[190],"gain":[194],"Operation":[199],"proposed":[202],"verified":[205],"using":[206],"computer":[208],"simulation.":[209],"The":[210],"method":[211],"validated":[213],"scaled-down":[216],"prototype.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}