{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2521299427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2611573","title":"On the Necessity, Scheme, and Basis of the Linear\u2013Nonlinear Switching in Active Disturbance Rejection Control","display_name":"On the Necessity, Scheme, and Basis of the Linear\u2013Nonlinear Switching in Active Disturbance Rejection Control","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2521299427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2611573","mag":"2521299427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2016.2611573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2611573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100660544","display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8672-0273"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064231378","display_name":"Yuanqing Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-4911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanqing Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113738264","display_name":"Xiaohui Qi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102994363","display_name":"Zhiqiang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-8311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","display_name":"Cleveland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/002tx1f22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA","Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3666,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":221,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97151697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"2","first_page":"1425","last_page":"1435"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10040","display_name":"Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10040","display_name":"Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10046","display_name":"Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-disturbance-rejection-control","display_name":"Active disturbance rejection control","score":0.8817681074142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7944067716598511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6593818068504333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameterized-complexity","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","score":0.5213945508003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-observer","display_name":"State observer","score":0.5207400321960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4850601255893707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42440056800842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.41242244839668274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3766247034072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.36282920837402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.16651099920272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12738493084907532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10733258724212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07595905661582947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778072542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677499","display_name":"Active disturbance rejection control","level":4,"score":0.8817681074142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7944067716598511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6593818068504333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.5213945508003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3031470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818544","display_name":"State observer","level":3,"score":0.5207400321960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4850601255893707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42440056800842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41242244839668274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3766247034072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36282920837402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.16651099920272827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12738493084907532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10733258724212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07595905661582947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2016.2611573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2611573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3554022614","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2012CB720000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6843764528","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61225015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8329004678","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61321002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533435918","https://openalex.org/W1591802216","https://openalex.org/W1968459980","https://openalex.org/W1978495673","https://openalex.org/W1991424528","https://openalex.org/W1998230610","https://openalex.org/W2005528399","https://openalex.org/W2028647838","https://openalex.org/W2064921653","https://openalex.org/W2094648665","https://openalex.org/W2097696157","https://openalex.org/W2142213834","https://openalex.org/W2142886492","https://openalex.org/W2155597283","https://openalex.org/W2169551633","https://openalex.org/W2230652337","https://openalex.org/W2259658084","https://openalex.org/W2279090918","https://openalex.org/W2316507276","https://openalex.org/W2324229452","https://openalex.org/W2338514232","https://openalex.org/W2342664609","https://openalex.org/W2351162296","https://openalex.org/W2374111107","https://openalex.org/W2493079683","https://openalex.org/W2773591305","https://openalex.org/W3113827338","https://openalex.org/W6635280606","https://openalex.org/W6674942416","https://openalex.org/W7067118493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3129061494","https://openalex.org/W2244160259","https://openalex.org/W2529889974","https://openalex.org/W4382702321","https://openalex.org/W3098571475","https://openalex.org/W3203846806","https://openalex.org/W2972482874","https://openalex.org/W4309868962","https://openalex.org/W3035652546","https://openalex.org/W4200632775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Active":[0],"disturbance":[1],"rejection":[2],"control":[3,123],"(ADRC)":[4],"was":[5,41],"originally":[6],"given":[7],"in":[8,25,30,97],"a":[9,26,46,73,79,109],"nonlinear":[10,54,103],"gain":[11],"structure":[12],"to":[13,164],"better":[14],"accommodate":[15],"the":[16,22,31,35,98,102,134,142,149,152,158],"dynamic":[17],"uncertainties":[18],"and":[19,29,43,53,62,67,84,88,112,117,128],"disturbances.":[20],"However,":[21],"resulting":[23],"complexity":[24],"theoretical":[27],"analysis":[28,83,111],"parameter":[32,99],"tuning":[33,100],"inhibits":[34],"applications":[36],"of":[37,75,81,101,151],"an":[38,94,120],"ADRC.":[39],"ADRC":[40,51,55],"linearized":[42],"parameterized":[44],"for":[45],"practical":[47],"convenience.":[48],"Since":[49],"linear":[50],"(LADRC)":[52],"(NLADRC)":[56],"each":[57],"has":[58],"its":[59,129],"own":[60],"advantages":[61],"disadvantages,":[63],"choosing":[64],"between":[65,86],"LADRC":[66,87,116],"NLADRC":[68],"is":[69,78,126,131,137],"rather":[70],"difficult.":[71],"As":[72],"matter":[74],"fact,":[76],"there":[77],"lack":[80],"quantitative":[82,110],"comparison":[85,113],"NLADRC.":[89],"This":[90],"paper":[91],"first":[92],"gives":[93],"easy":[95],"solution":[96],"extended":[104],"state":[105],"observer,":[106],"followed":[107],"by":[108,139],"study":[114],"on":[115],"NLADRC;":[118],"then,":[119],"LADRC/NLADRC":[121],"switching":[122],"(SADRC)":[124],"scheme":[125,136],"proposed":[127,146],"stability":[130],"analyzed;":[132],"finally,":[133],"SADRC":[135,147],"verified":[138],"experiment":[140],"using":[141],"ball-beam":[143],"platform.":[144],"The":[145],"takes":[148],"advantage":[150],"additional":[153],"performance":[154],"improvement":[155],"associated":[156],"with":[157],"NLADRC,":[159],"but":[160],"make":[161],"it":[162],"easier":[163],"use.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
