{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2325581666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2539245","title":"A Game Theory Approach to Energy Management of An Engine\u2013Generator/Battery/Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy System","display_name":"A Game Theory Approach to Energy Management of An Engine\u2013Generator/Battery/Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy System","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2325581666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2539245","mag":"2325581666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2016.2539245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2539245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075992669","display_name":"He Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4924-3543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101463824","display_name":"Chen Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-0337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan\u2013Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100756882","display_name":"Mian Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5184-5861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100625824","display_name":"Chengbin Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-8084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengbin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051803209","display_name":"Mo\u2013Yuen Chow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-3614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mo-Yuen Chow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0073,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95583101,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"7","first_page":"4266","last_page":"4277"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.7676538228988647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.6554930210113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6537677049636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.598382294178009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nash-equilibrium","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","score":0.5927432775497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management-system","display_name":"Energy management system","score":0.539487898349762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.523763120174408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.44694092869758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4451196491718292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4230208396911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2453852891921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23876142501831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.1309344470500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09594902396202087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0688241720199585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.7676538228988647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.6554930210113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6537677049636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.598382294178009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.5927432775497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.539487898349762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.523763120174408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.44694092869758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4451196491718292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4230208396911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2453852891921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23876142501831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1309344470500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09594902396202087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0688241720199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2016.2539245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2539245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4422006884","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51375299 (2014-2017)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8993966078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51375302 (2014-2017)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17314341","https://openalex.org/W854573769","https://openalex.org/W1487678510","https://openalex.org/W1516201278","https://openalex.org/W1578630563","https://openalex.org/W1965493855","https://openalex.org/W1968105121","https://openalex.org/W1974592401","https://openalex.org/W1981270780","https://openalex.org/W1983528830","https://openalex.org/W1986362913","https://openalex.org/W2001484805","https://openalex.org/W2005146368","https://openalex.org/W2014366918","https://openalex.org/W2017749620","https://openalex.org/W2032751092","https://openalex.org/W2035610250","https://openalex.org/W2040965877","https://openalex.org/W2044561339","https://openalex.org/W2049811773","https://openalex.org/W2052834303","https://openalex.org/W2055291731","https://openalex.org/W2060874215","https://openalex.org/W2069275818","https://openalex.org/W2082232475","https://openalex.org/W2083712319","https://openalex.org/W2092368362","https://openalex.org/W2098096678","https://openalex.org/W2102944604","https://openalex.org/W2104031018","https://openalex.org/W2116093826","https://openalex.org/W2120121765","https://openalex.org/W2131882595","https://openalex.org/W2135827142","https://openalex.org/W2153909224","https://openalex.org/W2166214574","https://openalex.org/W2180338159","https://openalex.org/W2244588781","https://openalex.org/W2565062465","https://openalex.org/W4302033101","https://openalex.org/W6731442208"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2749199243","https://openalex.org/W2333017163","https://openalex.org/W2133545517","https://openalex.org/W4312141693","https://openalex.org/W2352231626","https://openalex.org/W2964681094","https://openalex.org/W1536009559","https://openalex.org/W1969185016","https://openalex.org/W2103821767","https://openalex.org/W2577786578"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67,100,114,133,148],"complex":[1],"configuration":[2],"and":[3,27,36,47,55,75,80,91,136,144,164,175],"behavior":[4],"of":[5,30,33,61,93,129,166,180],"multisource":[6],"hybrid":[7],"energy":[8,15,59,101,162,168],"systems":[9],"(HESs)":[10],"present":[11],"challenges":[12],"to":[13,25,155],"their":[14],"management.":[16],"For":[17],"a":[18,48,108,121,157],"balanced":[19,122],"solution,":[20],"it":[21],"is":[22,104,117],"especially":[23],"important":[24],"represent":[26],"take":[28],"advantage":[29],"the":[31,37,58,89,94,126,130,140,161,177,181],"characteristics":[32],"each":[34],"device":[35],"interactive":[38],"relationship":[39],"among":[40],"them.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"multi-agent":[45],"modeling":[46],"game":[49,141],"theory-based":[50,142],"control":[51,111,143,165],"strategy":[52],"are":[53,78,97,183],"proposed":[54,149],"combined":[56],"for":[57,160],"management":[60,102,163],"an":[62],"example":[63],"engine-generator/battery/ultracapacitor":[64],"(UC)":[65],"HES.":[66],"three":[68],"devices":[69,96],"such":[70],"as":[71,82,107,120],"engine-generator":[72],"unit,":[73],"battery":[74],"UC":[76],"packs":[77],"modeled":[79],"controlled":[81],"independent":[83,131],"but":[84],"related":[85],"agents,":[86],"through":[87],"which":[88,171],"performance":[90],"requirements":[92],"individual":[95],"fully":[98,173],"respected.":[99],"problem":[103],"then":[105],"formulated":[106],"noncooperative":[109],"current":[110],"(NCC)":[112],"game.":[113],"Nash":[115],"equilibrium":[116],"analytically":[118],"derived":[119],"solution":[123,159],"that":[124],"compromises":[125],"different":[127,178],"preferences":[128,179],"devices.":[132],"following":[134],"simulation":[135],"experimental":[137],"results":[138],"validate":[139],"its":[145],"real-time":[146],"implementation.":[147],"approach":[150],"could":[151],"be":[152],"further":[153],"extended":[154],"become":[156],"general":[158],"networked":[167],"systems,":[169],"in":[170],"again":[172],"representing":[174],"balancing":[176],"components":[182],"important.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}