{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2216305900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2015.2464308","title":"Characteristics and Design of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulations for Electrical Power Systems","display_name":"Characteristics and Design of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulations for Electrical Power Systems","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2216305900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2015.2464308","mag":"2216305900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2015.2464308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2015.2464308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038486350","display_name":"Georg Lauss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-2213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132118926","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04knbh022","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Georg Lauss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042246074","display_name":"Omar Faruque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7416-580X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Omar Faruque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025427228","display_name":"Karl Schoder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-8559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl Schoder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089320839","display_name":"Christian Dufour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7712-9505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154558","display_name":"Opal-Rt Technologies (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05qnbjn88","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154558"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Dufour","raw_affiliation_strings":["OPAL-RT Technologies Inc., Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OPAL-RT Technologies Inc., Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072580272","display_name":"Alexander Viehweider","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Viehweider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013441657","display_name":"James Langston","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6115-4394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Langston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Center for Advanced Power Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038486350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.8989,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":295,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99682319,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"1","first_page":"406","last_page":"417"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13286","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation Systems","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-in-the-loop-simulation","display_name":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation","score":0.700148344039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.6793509125709534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.6439870595932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.576514720916748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5658915638923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5416969656944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4989643096923828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.4707028865814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-system-simulation","display_name":"Power system simulation","score":0.4673044681549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.39270591735839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.38645318150520325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32623666524887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.23018401861190796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70587628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142371","display_name":"Hardware-in-the-loop simulation","level":2,"score":0.700148344039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.6793509125709534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.6439870595932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.576514720916748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5658915638923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5416969656944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4989643096923828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4707028865814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116219307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7236625","display_name":"Power system simulation","level":4,"score":0.4673044681549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.39270591735839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.38645318150520325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32623666524887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.23018401861190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2015.2464308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2015.2464308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W256260883","https://openalex.org/W628535066","https://openalex.org/W1488701394","https://openalex.org/W1523080650","https://openalex.org/W1535716034","https://openalex.org/W1555541918","https://openalex.org/W1561445488","https://openalex.org/W1570383738","https://openalex.org/W1967100199","https://openalex.org/W1968741477","https://openalex.org/W1986000022","https://openalex.org/W1997902470","https://openalex.org/W2000353332","https://openalex.org/W2013643468","https://openalex.org/W2020003150","https://openalex.org/W2031131733","https://openalex.org/W2036922535","https://openalex.org/W2041108033","https://openalex.org/W2056540984","https://openalex.org/W2072075584","https://openalex.org/W2073439427","https://openalex.org/W2077004742","https://openalex.org/W2080464169","https://openalex.org/W2084013646","https://openalex.org/W2086028713","https://openalex.org/W2099759491","https://openalex.org/W2112392103","https://openalex.org/W2113423882","https://openalex.org/W2116991566","https://openalex.org/W2123108685","https://openalex.org/W2124570265","https://openalex.org/W2125389020","https://openalex.org/W2125557699","https://openalex.org/W2128145074","https://openalex.org/W2134726248","https://openalex.org/W2135301809","https://openalex.org/W2142923157","https://openalex.org/W2143023583","https://openalex.org/W2147505830","https://openalex.org/W2147889003","https://openalex.org/W2151922901","https://openalex.org/W2153450951","https://openalex.org/W2155548466","https://openalex.org/W2158018348","https://openalex.org/W2160263152","https://openalex.org/W2162882947","https://openalex.org/W2166062845","https://openalex.org/W2166513529","https://openalex.org/W2168295423","https://openalex.org/W2168677032","https://openalex.org/W2172244159","https://openalex.org/W2177679859","https://openalex.org/W2242069640","https://openalex.org/W2571551106","https://openalex.org/W4323545144","https://openalex.org/W6631295539","https://openalex.org/W6633916854","https://openalex.org/W6683541509","https://openalex.org/W6684825725","https://openalex.org/W6690053910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3143779693","https://openalex.org/W2092582387","https://openalex.org/W2626808643","https://openalex.org/W2004064826","https://openalex.org/W3103727510","https://openalex.org/W97045569","https://openalex.org/W1974955413","https://openalex.org/W2150264514","https://openalex.org/W1972673637","https://openalex.org/W2343483905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,43],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,126],"compendious":[4],"summary":[5],"of":[6,19,30,51,60,100,107,116,130],"power":[7,21,66,70,121],"hardware-in-the-loop":[8],"(PHIL)":[9],"simulations":[10,25,32],"that":[11,33],"are":[12,26,55,87],"used":[13],"for":[14,48,89,119],"designing,":[15],"analyzing,":[16],"and":[17,40,68,83,98,123],"testing":[18],"electrical":[20,120],"system":[22,84],"components.":[23],"PHIL":[24,52,90,117],"an":[27,113],"advanced":[28],"application":[29],"real-time":[31,63],"represent":[34],"novel":[35],"methods,":[36],"which":[37,54],"conjoin":[38],"software":[39],"hardware":[41],"testing.":[42],"contribution":[44],"outlines":[45],"necessary":[46],"requirements":[47],"the":[49,58,61,65,69,77],"implementation":[50],"simulations,":[53],"defined":[56],"by":[57],"nature":[59],"digital":[62],"simulator,":[64],"amplifier,":[67],"interface":[71,81],"(PI).":[72],"Fundamental":[73],"characteristics,":[74],"such":[75],"as":[76],"input/output":[78],"systems,":[79],"PI,":[80],"algorithm,":[82],"stability":[85],"considerations,":[86],"discussed":[88],"setups,":[91],"in":[92],"order":[93],"to":[94,111,124],"illustrate":[95],"both":[96],"flexibility":[97],"complexity":[99],"this":[101,108,131],"compound":[102],"simulation":[103,118],"method.":[104],"The":[105],"objective":[106],"work":[109],"is":[110],"elaborate":[112],"understandable":[114],"overview":[115],"systems":[122],"constitute":[125],"contemporary":[127],"state-of-the-art":[128],"status":[129],"research":[132],"area.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
