{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983563831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2014.2387095","title":"Temperature Control of a Commercial Building With Model Predictive Control Techniques","display_name":"Temperature Control of a Commercial Building With Model Predictive Control Techniques","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983563831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2014.2387095","mag":"1983563831"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2014.2387095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2014.2387095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107951293","display_name":"G. Mantovani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giancarlo Mantovani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy","Dipt. di Elettron., Inf. e Bioingegneria, Inf. e Bioingegneria, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipt. di Elettron., Inf. e Bioingegneria, Inf. e Bioingegneria, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073281532","display_name":"Luca Ferrarini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7598-8971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Ferrarini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy","Dipt. di Elettron., Inf. e Bioingegneria, Inf. e Bioingegneria, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipt. di Elettron., Inf. e Bioingegneria, Inf. e Bioingegneria, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107951293"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0369,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":142,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98021254,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"4","first_page":"2651","last_page":"2660"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.8864643573760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.7060303092002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6236802339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-comfort","display_name":"Thermal comfort","score":0.5701261162757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5261601805686951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5191961526870728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.48752567172050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.45726996660232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.43382102251052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4112318754196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3981297016143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.39542096853256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3950193226337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09694516658782959}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.8864643573760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.7060303092002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6236802339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133913538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774514","display_name":"Thermal comfort","level":2,"score":0.5701261162757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5261601805686951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5191961526870728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.48752567172050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.45726996660232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.43382102251052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4112318754196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3981297016143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.39542096853256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3950193226337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09694516658782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2014.2387095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2014.2387095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/965906","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/965906","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585973949","https://openalex.org/W1966363169","https://openalex.org/W1972077080","https://openalex.org/W1974331519","https://openalex.org/W1986821150","https://openalex.org/W1989475308","https://openalex.org/W2000525679","https://openalex.org/W2003351691","https://openalex.org/W2004584144","https://openalex.org/W2019348145","https://openalex.org/W2029264889","https://openalex.org/W2043807141","https://openalex.org/W2051389656","https://openalex.org/W2052913414","https://openalex.org/W2053431623","https://openalex.org/W2092766100","https://openalex.org/W2092792488","https://openalex.org/W2111634082","https://openalex.org/W2122411471","https://openalex.org/W2154055976","https://openalex.org/W2163121678","https://openalex.org/W2167152259","https://openalex.org/W2169358992","https://openalex.org/W2171923246"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990079087","https://openalex.org/W2060165215","https://openalex.org/W2101188133","https://openalex.org/W3202234113","https://openalex.org/W4297537396","https://openalex.org/W4248731570","https://openalex.org/W2320869598","https://openalex.org/W2381210024","https://openalex.org/W2562892041","https://openalex.org/W2384015130"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,53],"paper":[1,24,54],"addresses":[2,70],"the":[3,13,56,79],"problem":[4],"of":[5,15,58],"thermal":[6,51],"energy":[7,62],"control":[8,18,97],"in":[9,43],"shopping":[10,28],"centers":[11],"through":[12,92],"application":[14],"model":[16],"predictive":[17],"(MPC)":[19],"strategies.":[20],"In":[21,67],"particular,":[22],"this":[23],"uses":[25],"an":[26],"existing":[27],"center":[29],"as":[30],"pilot":[31],"case,":[32],"which":[33,77],"is":[34],"characterized":[35],"by":[36],"a":[37,48],"large":[38],"common":[39],"multifloor":[40],"space,":[41],"which,":[42],"turn,":[44],"gives":[45],"rise":[46],"to":[47,61,81,85,89,95],"significant":[49],"vertical":[50],"stratification.":[52],"explores":[55],"importance":[57],"MPC":[59],"parameters":[60],"efficiency":[63],"and":[64],"comfort":[65],"levels.":[66],"addition,":[68],"it":[69],"some":[71],"notable":[72],"extensions,":[73],"from":[74],"economic":[75],"optimization,":[76],"paves":[78],"way":[80],"real-time":[82],"pricing":[83],"techniques,":[84],"integration":[86],"with":[87,98,102],"renewables,":[88],"robustness":[90],"enforcement":[91],"Kalman":[93],"filters,":[94],"hybrid":[96],"switching":[99],"signals":[100],"mixed":[101],"continuous":[103],"signals.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}