{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053329406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2011.2168793","title":"Voltage-Sensor-Less Synchronization to Unbalanced Grids by Frequency-Adaptive Virtual Flux Estimation","display_name":"Voltage-Sensor-Less Synchronization to Unbalanced Grids by Frequency-Adaptive Virtual Flux Estimation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053329406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2011.2168793","mag":"2053329406"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2011.2168793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2011.2168793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17114","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061820359","display_name":"Jon Are Suul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-636X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jon Are Suul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","Dept. of Electr. Power Eng., Norwegian Univ. of Science & Technol., Trondheim, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Power Eng., Norwegian Univ. of Science & Technol., Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029520239","display_name":"\u00c1lvaro Luna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-6659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alvaro Luna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Tech. Univ. of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Tech. Univ. of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100707160","display_name":"Pedro Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-0461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Tech. Univ. of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Tech. Univ. of Catalonia, Terrassa, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111482312","display_name":"Tore Undeland","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tore Undeland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","Dept. of Electr. Power Eng., Norwegian Univ. of Science & Technol., Trondheim, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Power Eng., Norwegian Univ. of Science & Technol., Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061820359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.1056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98923864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"7","first_page":"2910","last_page":"2923"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrator","display_name":"Integrator","score":0.7781873941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6895559430122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6207583546638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.591239333152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5539761185646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5219199657440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-grid","display_name":"Frequency grid","score":0.44742846488952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3296983242034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20161622762680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07379847764968872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79518650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081431","display_name":"Integrator","level":3,"score":0.7781873941421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6895559430122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6207583546638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.591239333152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5539761185646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5219199657440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21905445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502873","display_name":"Frequency grid","level":3,"score":0.44742846488952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3296983242034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20161622762680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07379847764968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2011.2168793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2011.2168793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:recercat.cat:2072/204686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402147","display_name":"RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210090028","host_organization_name":"Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:recercat.cat:2072/184542","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/15204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402147","display_name":"RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210090028","host_organization_name":"Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:recercat.cat:2072/204686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/17114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402147","display_name":"RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210090028","host_organization_name":"Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73408131","https://openalex.org/W106045420","https://openalex.org/W269093515","https://openalex.org/W313193226","https://openalex.org/W1737158314","https://openalex.org/W1987172783","https://openalex.org/W2003383866","https://openalex.org/W2005170587","https://openalex.org/W2006246155","https://openalex.org/W2020296123","https://openalex.org/W2021095914","https://openalex.org/W2051453621","https://openalex.org/W2062120862","https://openalex.org/W2084706203","https://openalex.org/W2109255483","https://openalex.org/W2114793462","https://openalex.org/W2124928291","https://openalex.org/W2129700545","https://openalex.org/W2130358341","https://openalex.org/W2132755931","https://openalex.org/W2141213938","https://openalex.org/W2141697746","https://openalex.org/W2143489520","https://openalex.org/W2143743846","https://openalex.org/W2144524779","https://openalex.org/W2146048275","https://openalex.org/W2150824287","https://openalex.org/W2151011065","https://openalex.org/W2153388156","https://openalex.org/W2153785453","https://openalex.org/W2154105376","https://openalex.org/W2154636565","https://openalex.org/W2155480959","https://openalex.org/W2156792543","https://openalex.org/W2159532771","https://openalex.org/W2159915524","https://openalex.org/W2161831081","https://openalex.org/W2162156389","https://openalex.org/W2165615855","https://openalex.org/W2169813076","https://openalex.org/W2323042183","https://openalex.org/W2527757067","https://openalex.org/W2543769077","https://openalex.org/W2544951742","https://openalex.org/W2546113867","https://openalex.org/W2705334544","https://openalex.org/W4231828961","https://openalex.org/W4233823281","https://openalex.org/W4240754760","https://openalex.org/W6647321678","https://openalex.org/W6683688856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117724945","https://openalex.org/W184425041","https://openalex.org/W1588343530","https://openalex.org/W2041253780","https://openalex.org/W2124151861","https://openalex.org/W2151875029","https://openalex.org/W1531522956","https://openalex.org/W2546113867","https://openalex.org/W2095652331","https://openalex.org/W2732219041"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,90],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,31,37,69,144,183],"simple":[4,70],"method":[5,92,175],"for":[6,14,157],"inherently":[7],"frequency-adaptive":[8,25,77],"virtual":[9],"flux":[10],"(VF)":[11],"estimation":[12,60,98,110,126,136,174],"intended":[13],"voltage-sensor-less":[15],"grid":[16,44,158],"synchronization":[17,73,159],"and":[18,71,82,99,102,121,137,168],"control":[19],"of":[20,58,96,123,134,170],"voltage":[21,162],"source":[22],"converters.":[23],"The":[24,119,166],"characteristics":[26],"are":[27,127],"obtained":[28],"by":[29,179],"using":[30],"second-order":[32],"generalized":[33],"integrator":[34],"configured":[35],"as":[36,46,105,156],"quadrature":[38],"signal":[39],"generator":[40],"(SOGI-QSG)":[41],"with":[42,147],"the":[43,56,124,171],"frequency":[45],"an":[47],"explicit":[48],"input":[49],"variable.":[50],"It":[51],"is":[52,103,113,143,164],"also":[53],"shown":[54],"how":[55],"properties":[57,120],"VF":[59,80,97,108,135],"based":[61,114,160],"on":[62,115,161],"SOGI-QSGs":[63],"can":[64],"be":[65],"utilized":[66],"to":[67,131],"achieve":[68],"effective":[72],"technique":[74],"that":[75,141],"integrates":[76],"bandpass":[78],"filtering,":[79],"estimation,":[81],"symmetrical":[83],"component":[84],"sequence":[85,100,138],"separation":[86,101],"into":[87],"one":[88],"operation.":[89],"new":[91],"avoids":[93],"cascaded":[94],"delays":[95],"labeled":[104],"dual":[106],"SOGI-based":[107],"(DSOGI-VF)":[109],"since":[111],"it":[112,142],"two":[116],"parallel":[117],"SOGI-QSGs.":[118],"performance":[122,169],"DSOGI-VF":[125,173],"analyzed":[128],"in":[129,182],"comparison":[130],"conventional":[132],"configurations":[133],"separation,":[139],"demonstrating":[140],"simpler":[145],"structure":[146],"improved":[148],"dynamic":[149],"response.":[150],"In":[151],"fact,":[152],"similar":[153],"response":[154],"time":[155],"measurements":[163],"achieved.":[165],"operation":[167],"proposed":[172],"have":[176],"been":[177],"verified":[178],"laboratory":[180],"experiments":[181],"small-scale":[184],"converter":[185],"setup.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}