{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996151756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2029580","title":"A Novel Monitoring of Load Level and Broken Bar Fault Severity Applied to Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors Using a Genetic Algorithm","display_name":"A Novel Monitoring of Load Level and Broken Bar Fault Severity Applied to Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors Using a Genetic Algorithm","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996151756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2029580","mag":"1996151756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2029580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2029580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087840767","display_name":"Hubert Razik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0192-4259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100532134","display_name":"Lyon 1 Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/029brtt94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I203339264"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142476485","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/05hy3tk52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142476485","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115972","display_name":"Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9nergie \u00c9lectrique de Nancy","ror":"https://ror.org/01kwx4m12","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210110412","https://openalex.org/I4210115972","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145913","display_name":"Laboratoire Amp\u00e8re","ror":"https://ror.org/04xbczw40","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210145913","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4389425312","display_name":"Groupe de Recherche Clinique en Neuro-urologie","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzcy376","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4389425312"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Razik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory Amp\u00e8re\u2013UMR 50005, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon I, Villeurbanne, France","laboratory GREEN, Universit\u00e9 Henri Poincar\u00e9, Cedex, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory Amp\u00e8re\u2013UMR 50005, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon I, Villeurbanne, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I4210145913"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"laboratory GREEN, Universit\u00e9 Henri Poincar\u00e9, Cedex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142476485","https://openalex.org/I4210115972","https://openalex.org/I4389425312","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084564792","display_name":"Maur\u00edcio Beltr\u00e3o de Rossiter Corr\u00eaa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4823-6683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41455075","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/00eftnx64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.B. de Rossiter Correa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Engenharia El\u00e9trica, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Para\u00edba, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Engenharia El\u00e9trica, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Para\u00edba, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088207289","display_name":"E.R.C. da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-228X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41455075","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/00eftnx64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E.R.C. da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Engenharia El\u00e9trica, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Para\u00edba, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Engenharia El\u00e9trica, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Para\u00edba, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.2925,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99425331,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"11","first_page":"4615","last_page":"4626"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13050","display_name":"Oil and Gas Production Techniques","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.7127324938774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/squirrel-cage-rotor","display_name":"Squirrel-cage rotor","score":0.711736798286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.704688310623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.6673363447189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.6622717380523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bar","display_name":"Bar (unit)","score":0.5796351432800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.5395447611808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5373377799987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4786323606967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.4782349467277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4183729290962219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steady-state","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","score":0.4136737585067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.4131467044353485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3990143835544586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.393037348985672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.34443268179893494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.34423738718032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26482415199279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12511777877807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11136430501937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.0851602852344513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.7127324938774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177500038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231796","display_name":"Squirrel-cage rotor","level":4,"score":0.711736798286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.704688310623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.6673363447189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6622717380523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188721877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103510","display_name":"Bar (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5796351432800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5395447611808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5373377799987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4786323606967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4782349467277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4183729290962219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8171440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903414","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4136737585067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.4131467044353485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3990143835544586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.393037348985672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.34443268179893494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.34423738718032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26482415199279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12511777877807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11136430501937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0851602852344513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2029580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2029580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03275719v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03275719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2009, 56 (11), pp.4615-4626. ⟨10.1109/TIE.2009.2029580⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03683045v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03683045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2009, 56 (11), pp.4615-4626. ⟨10.1109/TIE.2009.2029580⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3219797","https://openalex.org/W1490404182","https://openalex.org/W1500480559","https://openalex.org/W1520522950","https://openalex.org/W1904958519","https://openalex.org/W1907797644","https://openalex.org/W1964297588","https://openalex.org/W1977563630","https://openalex.org/W1980848257","https://openalex.org/W2008119538","https://openalex.org/W2026550072","https://openalex.org/W2038430984","https://openalex.org/W2051252298","https://openalex.org/W2058578401","https://openalex.org/W2080318554","https://openalex.org/W2080449109","https://openalex.org/W2095508238","https://openalex.org/W2098626917","https://openalex.org/W2099446107","https://openalex.org/W2102796028","https://openalex.org/W2103692342","https://openalex.org/W2105189027","https://openalex.org/W2105457416","https://openalex.org/W2111794965","https://openalex.org/W2112312998","https://openalex.org/W2118241020","https://openalex.org/W2122672490","https://openalex.org/W2128444727","https://openalex.org/W2130326526","https://openalex.org/W2132265582","https://openalex.org/W2132383137","https://openalex.org/W2133379087","https://openalex.org/W2139575464","https://openalex.org/W2139853183","https://openalex.org/W2143839036","https://openalex.org/W2149984409","https://openalex.org/W2152410482","https://openalex.org/W2162151040","https://openalex.org/W2166361139","https://openalex.org/W2166749505","https://openalex.org/W2172014000","https://openalex.org/W2534999629","https://openalex.org/W2535618689","https://openalex.org/W2541327021","https://openalex.org/W3142184731","https://openalex.org/W4235388752","https://openalex.org/W4238314457","https://openalex.org/W4240179691","https://openalex.org/W4253799232","https://openalex.org/W6629886987","https://openalex.org/W6631250218","https://openalex.org/W6675813000","https://openalex.org/W6676846689","https://openalex.org/W6684408271"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1878989367","https://openalex.org/W2079381566","https://openalex.org/W2165021937","https://openalex.org/W2548535020","https://openalex.org/W2156024077","https://openalex.org/W4254530075","https://openalex.org/W2147565285","https://openalex.org/W2161495422","https://openalex.org/W2805573927","https://openalex.org/W4377970639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,112],"deals":[2],"with":[3],"the":[4,7,31,42,51,67,75,78,86,120,123],"diagnostic":[5],"of":[6,9,35,53,77,88,122],"signature":[8],"rotor":[10,79],"broken":[11],"bars":[12],"when":[13],"an":[14,22],"induction":[15],"machine":[16],"is":[17,47,113],"fed":[18],"or":[19],"not":[20],"by":[21,30,115],"unbalanced":[23],"line":[24,36],"voltage.":[25],"These":[26],"signatures":[27],"are":[28],"given":[29],"complex":[32],"spectrum":[33],"modulus":[34],"current.":[37],"In":[38],"order":[39],"to":[40,49,64,66,73],"make":[41],"diagnostic,":[43],"a":[44,58,103],"genetic":[45],"algorithm":[46],"used":[48],"keep":[50],"amplitude":[52],"all":[54],"faulty":[55],"lines.":[56],"Moreover,":[57],"fuzzy":[59],"logic":[60],"approach":[61,101],"allows":[62],"us":[63],"conclude":[65],"load":[68,93],"level":[69],"operating":[70,105],"system":[71],"and":[72,95],"inform":[74],"operator":[76],"fault":[80,97],"severity.":[81],"Several":[82],"experimental":[83,116],"results":[84,117],"prove":[85,119],"performance":[87],"this":[89,100,111],"method":[90],"under":[91],"various":[92,96],"levels":[94],"severities.":[98],"Notwithstanding,":[99],"requires":[102],"steady-state":[104],"condition.":[106],"The":[107],"conclusion":[108],"resulting":[109],"from":[110],"highlighted":[114],"which":[118],"efficiency":[121],"suggested":[124],"approach.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}