{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160551857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2022067","title":"An FPGA-Based Novel Digital PWM Control Scheme for BLDC Motor Drives","display_name":"An FPGA-Based Novel Digital PWM Control Scheme for BLDC Motor Drives","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160551857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2022067","mag":"2160551857"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2022067","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2022067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063097661","display_name":"Anand Sathyan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Sathyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chrysler Corporation, Detroit, MI, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chrysler Corporation, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063525883","display_name":"Nikola Milivojevi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-1219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Milivojevic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100449462","display_name":"Young-Joo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-8785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Joo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041106018","display_name":"Mahesh Krishnamurthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1851-9666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Krishnamurthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079326512","display_name":"Ali Emadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0676-1455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Emadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.4129,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":269,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99237092,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"8","first_page":"3040","last_page":"3049"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-drive","display_name":"Motor drive","score":0.6702125072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.5943001508712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dc-motor","display_name":"DC motor","score":0.5764039158821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5559035539627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-controller","display_name":"Motor controller","score":0.5043481588363647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.4674540162086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-control","display_name":"Machine control","score":0.4287313222885132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-control","display_name":"Digital control","score":0.4265732765197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-speed-control","display_name":"Electronic speed control","score":0.4178241789340973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.41260504722595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3905337452888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.363070011138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34788602590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.23063331842422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.1699085831642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15578654408454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.15308502316474915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154750914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4304910","display_name":"Motor drive","level":2,"score":0.6702125072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.5943001508712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76684090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3842034","display_name":"DC motor","level":2,"score":0.5764039158821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5559035539627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4848560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326752","display_name":"Motor controller","level":3,"score":0.5043481588363647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.4674540162086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777718703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723706","display_name":"Machine control","level":2,"score":0.4287313222885132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158411068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720568","display_name":"Digital control","level":2,"score":0.4265732765197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45641319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550768","display_name":"Electronic speed control","level":2,"score":0.4178241789340973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.41260504722595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3905337452888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.363070011138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34788602590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.23063331842422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.1699085831642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15578654408454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.15308502316474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2022067","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2022067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58031724","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","issn_l":"0278-0046","issn":["0278-0046","1557-9948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502522716","https://openalex.org/W1965452779","https://openalex.org/W2097354588","https://openalex.org/W2106511566","https://openalex.org/W2114892685","https://openalex.org/W2119819009","https://openalex.org/W2121912385","https://openalex.org/W2122907855","https://openalex.org/W2125132232","https://openalex.org/W2129788823","https://openalex.org/W2135545671","https://openalex.org/W2136365881","https://openalex.org/W2139050706","https://openalex.org/W2141000752","https://openalex.org/W2146993109","https://openalex.org/W2148110766","https://openalex.org/W2155164518","https://openalex.org/W2165172284","https://openalex.org/W2798947639","https://openalex.org/W2984707475"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998176965","https://openalex.org/W2048404717","https://openalex.org/W102427643","https://openalex.org/W2181208256","https://openalex.org/W74282085","https://openalex.org/W75900171","https://openalex.org/W2359343528","https://openalex.org/W2348258603","https://openalex.org/W3128012644","https://openalex.org/W4313153449"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Development":[0],"of":[1,108,115,139],"advanced":[2,78],"motor":[3,25,46,74,79,98,131],"drives":[4,75,80],"has":[5,124,143],"yielded":[6],"increases":[7],"in":[8,31,149],"efficiency":[9,38],"and":[10,13,19,39,55,160],"reliability.":[11],"Residential":[12],"commercial":[14],"appliances":[15],"such":[16],"as":[17],"refrigerators":[18],"air":[20],"conditioning":[21],"systems":[22],"use":[23],"conventional":[24,73],"drive":[26,47,132],"technology.":[27],"The":[28,155],"machines":[29],"found":[30],"these":[32],"applications":[33],"are":[34],"characterized":[35,49],"by":[36,50,62],"low":[37],"high":[40],"maintenance.":[41],"A":[42,118],"brushless":[43],"dc":[44],"(BLDC)":[45,81],"is":[48,68,89,158,166],"higher":[51,56,85],"efficiency,":[52],"lower":[53],"maintenance,":[54],"cost.":[57,86],"In":[58],"a":[59,93,109,128,150],"market":[60],"driven":[61],"profit":[63],"margins,":[64],"the":[65,72,77,103,106,136,144,175],"appliance":[66],"industry":[67],"reluctant":[69],"to":[70,83,91,135,146,173],"replace":[71],"with":[76],"due":[82],"their":[84],"Therefore,":[87],"it":[88,142],"necessary":[90],"have":[92],"low-cost":[94,111,151],"but":[95],"effective":[96],"BLDC":[97,116,130],"controller.":[99],"This":[100],"paper":[101],"lays":[102],"groundwork":[104],"for":[105,113,127],"development":[107],"new":[110],"IC":[112],"control":[114,123],"motors.":[117],"simple":[119],"novel":[120,156],"digital":[121],"pulsewidth-modulation":[122],"been":[125],"implemented":[126,148],"trapezoidal":[129],"system.":[133],"Due":[134],"simplistic":[137],"nature":[138],"this":[140],"control,":[141],"potential":[145],"be":[147],"application-specific":[152],"integrated":[153],"circuit.":[154],"controller":[157],"modeled":[159],"verified":[161],"using":[162,169],"simulations.":[163],"Experimental":[164],"verification":[165],"carried":[167],"out":[168],"field-programmable":[170],"gate":[171],"arrays":[172],"validate":[174],"claims":[176],"presented.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
