{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416750061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3627872","title":"SMHNet: Self-Supervised Multiscale Hierarchical Network for High Fidelity 3-D Face Reconstruction","display_name":"SMHNet: Self-Supervised Multiscale Hierarchical Network for High Fidelity 3-D Face Reconstruction","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416750061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3627872"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2025.3627872","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3627872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002009900","display_name":"Sizhuang Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sizhuang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103121305","display_name":"Ying Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7494-2971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100603773","display_name":"Derui Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7402-6682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148128674","display_name":"University of Shanghai for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ay9v204","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derui Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006580423","display_name":"Hui Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7655-9228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002009900"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148128674"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37086765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"1","first_page":"114","last_page":"123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.8205000162124634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.8205000162124634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.1387999951839447,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12301","display_name":"Facial Nerve Paralysis Treatment and Research","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field","display_name":"Markov random field","score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-fidelity","display_name":"High fidelity","score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.47440001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.4311999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-synthesis","display_name":"Texture synthesis","score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-mapping","display_name":"Texture mapping","score":0.35179999470710754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7325000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6176999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.572700023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778045648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827","display_name":"Markov random field","level":4,"score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113364801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26674","display_name":"High fidelity","level":2,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47440001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.4311999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50494287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658467","display_name":"Texture synthesis","level":5,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200585589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752176","display_name":"Texture mapping","level":2,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144986985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q871236","display_name":"Hierarchical database model","level":2,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109950114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4464732","display_name":"3D reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193519340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q891179","display_name":"Data loss","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2025.3627872","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3627872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8832703587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/Z000025/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W2019919182","https://openalex.org/W2131894637","https://openalex.org/W2158271210","https://openalex.org/W2325939864","https://openalex.org/W2344785877","https://openalex.org/W2471370490","https://openalex.org/W2570835027","https://openalex.org/W2584229793","https://openalex.org/W2604672468","https://openalex.org/W2605701576","https://openalex.org/W2789628170","https://openalex.org/W2796822548","https://openalex.org/W2798291180","https://openalex.org/W2798409702","https://openalex.org/W2805671481","https://openalex.org/W2945729334","https://openalex.org/W2962473357","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2964014798","https://openalex.org/W2964449965","https://openalex.org/W2979511156","https://openalex.org/W2996442842","https://openalex.org/W3019109475","https://openalex.org/W3021962567","https://openalex.org/W3028411153","https://openalex.org/W3034798648","https://openalex.org/W3082551980","https://openalex.org/W3082708265","https://openalex.org/W3129922578","https://openalex.org/W3136140595","https://openalex.org/W3145141160","https://openalex.org/W3155375169","https://openalex.org/W3180794345","https://openalex.org/W3198225285","https://openalex.org/W4200076245","https://openalex.org/W4225412234","https://openalex.org/W4226018021","https://openalex.org/W4294310934","https://openalex.org/W4312454738","https://openalex.org/W4312457164","https://openalex.org/W4312590328","https://openalex.org/W4312726738","https://openalex.org/W4321020887","https://openalex.org/W4380839097","https://openalex.org/W4385490328","https://openalex.org/W4386065603","https://openalex.org/W4386071543","https://openalex.org/W4387449167","https://openalex.org/W4389297173","https://openalex.org/W4390871942","https://openalex.org/W4402754135"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High-fidelity":[0],"3-D":[1],"face":[2,129],"reconstruction":[3,141],"is":[4],"critical":[5],"for":[6,89],"enhancing":[7],"personalized":[8],"and":[9,32,67,73,82,130,143],"immersive":[10],"human\u2013machine":[11],"interaction":[12],"experiences.":[13],"However,":[14],"existing":[15],"methods":[16,137],"struggle":[17],"to":[18,35,51,78,108,113,134],"capture":[19],"the":[20,96,110,120,128,135],"full":[21],"spectrum":[22],"of":[23,86,95,127,140],"facial":[24],"textures,":[25],"particularly":[26],"fine-scale":[27,91,125],"details,":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30],"wrinkles":[31],"pores,":[33],"due":[34],"limitations":[36],"in":[37,57,60,138],"multiscale":[38,48],"representation.":[39],"To":[40],"address":[41],"this":[42,61],"challenge,":[43],"we":[44,100],"propose":[45],"a":[46,65,74,80,102],"self-supervised":[47],"hierarchical":[49],"network":[50],"hierarchically":[52],"model":[53],"fine":[54,114],"geometric":[55],"details":[56,126],"multiple":[58],"scales":[59],"study.":[62],"We":[63],"design":[64],"global":[66,81],"local":[68,83],"Markov":[69],"random":[70],"field":[71,85],"loss":[72,77],"detail":[75,92],"perception":[76],"provide":[79],"sensory":[84],"view":[87],"guidance":[88],"retaining":[90],"structure":[93],"information":[94],"face.":[97],"In":[98],"addition,":[99],"introduce":[101],"learnable":[103],"Gabor-aware":[104],"texture":[105],"enhancement":[106],"module":[107],"enhance":[109],"network\u2019s":[111],"sensitivity":[112],"textures.":[115],"Extensive":[116],"experiments":[117],"show":[118],"that":[119],"proposed":[121],"method":[122],"can":[123],"reconstruct":[124],"has":[131],"superior":[132],"performance":[133],"state-of-the-art":[136],"terms":[139],"accuracy":[142],"visual":[144],"effect.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}