{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414693535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3607961","title":"ST-GCN-AltFormer: Gesture Recognition With Spatial-Temporal Alternating Transformer","display_name":"ST-GCN-AltFormer: Gesture Recognition With Spatial-Temporal Alternating Transformer","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414693535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3607961"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2025.3607961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3607961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066549215","display_name":"Qing Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7145-6011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qing Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7145-6011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jintao Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9507-301X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jintao Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9507-301X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048267242","display_name":"Lingwei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1466-3230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingwei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035068745","display_name":"Gangmin Ning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-5785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gangmin Ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-5785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000941007","display_name":"Luping Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7752-4839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luping Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7752-4839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, HangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066549215"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3167,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83179724,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"6","first_page":"963","last_page":"972"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9559999704360962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9488000273704529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.7063000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.6115999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture-recognition","display_name":"Gesture recognition","score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5167999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.26249998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.7063000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7023000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.6115999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159437735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519524","display_name":"Gesture recognition","level":3,"score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5167999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4805000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982962833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092450","display_name":"Information fusion","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2025.3607961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2025.3607961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2179228888","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"32371372","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971252500","https://openalex.org/W1977995219","https://openalex.org/W2052101136","https://openalex.org/W2056898157","https://openalex.org/W2125434646","https://openalex.org/W2467634805","https://openalex.org/W2600389231","https://openalex.org/W2609307317","https://openalex.org/W2610313712","https://openalex.org/W2656599720","https://openalex.org/W2745471877","https://openalex.org/W2769039400","https://openalex.org/W2777985171","https://openalex.org/W2778999480","https://openalex.org/W2791526950","https://openalex.org/W2798498022","https://openalex.org/W2910217813","https://openalex.org/W2914992758","https://openalex.org/W2963076818","https://openalex.org/W2963119249","https://openalex.org/W2963843230","https://openalex.org/W2964134613","https://openalex.org/W2972995983","https://openalex.org/W2982442523","https://openalex.org/W2999237480","https://openalex.org/W3021131962","https://openalex.org/W3035083776","https://openalex.org/W3082188807","https://openalex.org/W3106615203","https://openalex.org/W3113067059","https://openalex.org/W3126321356","https://openalex.org/W3132388086","https://openalex.org/W3138808092","https://openalex.org/W3158971340","https://openalex.org/W3185273257","https://openalex.org/W3205898195","https://openalex.org/W3212919720","https://openalex.org/W4210912956","https://openalex.org/W4226109135","https://openalex.org/W4281752744","https://openalex.org/W4312417903","https://openalex.org/W4313595941","https://openalex.org/W4321020794","https://openalex.org/W4323897056","https://openalex.org/W4328101908","https://openalex.org/W4367663575","https://openalex.org/W4384161804","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386072187","https://openalex.org/W4390871806","https://openalex.org/W4391032494","https://openalex.org/W4393170627","https://openalex.org/W4396620075","https://openalex.org/W4401017131","https://openalex.org/W4402687108"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,98],"skeleton-based":[1],"gesture":[2,182,196,199],"recognition":[3,183],"tasks,":[4],"existing":[5],"approaches":[6],"based":[7],"on":[8,177],"graph":[9,21,79,87],"convolutional":[10,88],"networks":[11],"(GCNs)":[12],"struggle":[13],"to":[14,40,61,110,121,165],"capture":[15,111],"the":[16,24,42,46,63,76,85,92,99,102,126,131,178],"synergistic":[17],"actions":[18],"of":[19,48,170],"nonadjacent":[20,52],"nodes":[22,140],"and":[23,33,65,116,145,175,191],"information":[25,67,112,137,157],"conveyed":[26],"by":[27,45,69],"their":[28],"long-range":[29,53],"dependencies.":[30],"Combining":[31],"spatial":[32,64,108,150],"temporal":[34,66,119,128,136,143],"transformers":[35],"is":[36],"a":[37,107,118,142,149],"promising":[38],"solution":[39],"address":[41],"limitation,":[43],"inspired":[44],"advantage":[47],"transformer":[49,81,95,104,109,120,133],"in":[50],"assessing":[51],"dependencies,":[54],"but":[55],"there":[56],"lacks":[57],"an":[58],"effective":[59],"strategy":[60],"integrate":[62],"extracted":[68],"these":[70],"transformers.":[71],"Therefore,":[72],"this":[73],"article":[74],"proposes":[75],"spatial-temporal":[77,86,93,103,156],"alternating":[78,94],"convolution":[80],"(ST-GCN-AltFormer),":[82],"which":[83],"connects":[84],"network":[89],"(ST-GCN)":[90],"with":[91,148],"(AltFormer)":[96],"architecture.":[97],"AltFormer":[100],"architecture,":[101],"branch":[105,134],"employs":[106],"from":[113,138],"specific":[114,139],"frames,":[115],"uses":[117],"analyze":[122],"its":[123],"evolution":[124],"over":[125],"entire":[127],"range.":[129],"Meanwhile,":[130],"temporal-spatial":[132],"extracts":[135],"using":[141],"transformer,":[144],"integrates":[146],"it":[147],"transformer.":[151],"The":[152],"fusion":[153],"enhances":[154],"accurate":[155],"extraction.":[158],"Our":[159],"method":[160],"achieves":[161],"superior":[162],"performance":[163],"compared":[164],"state-of-the-art":[166],"methods,":[167],"achieving":[168],"accuracies":[169],"97.5%,":[171],"95.8%,":[172],"94.3%,":[173],"92.8%,":[174],"98.31%":[176],"large-scale":[179],"3D":[180],"hand":[181,195],"(SHREC\u201917":[184],"Track),":[185],"Dynamic":[186],"Hand":[187],"Gesture":[188],"14-28":[189],"(DHG-14/28),":[190],"leap":[192],"motion":[193],"dynamic":[194,198],"(LMDHG)":[197],"datasets,":[200],"respectively.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T13:28:51.108037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
