{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226361140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2022.3163185","title":"Dynamic Role-Based Access Control Policy for Smart Grid Applications: An Offline Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach","display_name":"Dynamic Role-Based Access Control Policy for Smart Grid Applications: An Offline Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226361140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2022.3163185"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2022.3163185","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2022.3163185","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1872014","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010570937","display_name":"Georgios Fragkos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0724-3366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Fragkos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0724-3366","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058873114","display_name":"Jay Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9326-8011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9326-8011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000446559","display_name":"Eirini Eleni Tsiropoulou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-1876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eirini Eleni Tsiropoulou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-1876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7411,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98234652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"4","first_page":"761","last_page":"773"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/role-based-access-control","display_name":"Role-based access control","score":0.8453519344329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7916593551635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7915892601013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-control","display_name":"Access control","score":0.6319233179092407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5838601589202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5725500583648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.554214358329773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5467100143432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-bayesian-network","display_name":"Dynamic Bayesian network","score":0.5184542536735535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.47934871912002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4531632959842682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4343319535255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3101164996623993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-network","display_name":"Bayesian network","score":0.29227328300476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.17392688989639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11821645498275757}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45567728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1702839","display_name":"Role-based access control","level":3,"score":0.8453519344329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7916593551635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7915892601013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.6319233179092407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5838601589202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5725500583648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.554214358329773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5467100143432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82142266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3456604","display_name":"Dynamic Bayesian network","level":3,"score":0.5184542536735535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.47934871912002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4531632959842682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4343319535255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3101164996623993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33724603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812540","display_name":"Bayesian network","level":2,"score":0.29227328300476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.17392688989639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11821645498275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2022.3163185","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2022.3163185","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1872014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1872014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1872014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1872014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337712","display_name":"Solar Energy Technologies Office","ror":"https://ror.org/033jmdj81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32403112","https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W1934177923","https://openalex.org/W2122124659","https://openalex.org/W2132351269","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2152053098","https://openalex.org/W2277593056","https://openalex.org/W2527730699","https://openalex.org/W2617547828","https://openalex.org/W2741507511","https://openalex.org/W2883295752","https://openalex.org/W2892315936","https://openalex.org/W2892341857","https://openalex.org/W2893053704","https://openalex.org/W2895713706","https://openalex.org/W2903362517","https://openalex.org/W2911412457","https://openalex.org/W2930273944","https://openalex.org/W2964061570","https://openalex.org/W2970031522","https://openalex.org/W2970653634","https://openalex.org/W2976087063","https://openalex.org/W2976972209","https://openalex.org/W2978949425","https://openalex.org/W2993510942","https://openalex.org/W2995530650","https://openalex.org/W3005074021","https://openalex.org/W3022566517","https://openalex.org/W3048618025","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3113524144","https://openalex.org/W3120726845","https://openalex.org/W3121342653","https://openalex.org/W3151472842","https://openalex.org/W3168763570","https://openalex.org/W3184714257","https://openalex.org/W4241776252","https://openalex.org/W6678276431","https://openalex.org/W6689664320","https://openalex.org/W6766978945","https://openalex.org/W6768921561","https://openalex.org/W6776438516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2372156812","https://openalex.org/W2374393728","https://openalex.org/W2386545329","https://openalex.org/W2382286253","https://openalex.org/W2356011375","https://openalex.org/W1795360416","https://openalex.org/W2392979115","https://openalex.org/W1969771171","https://openalex.org/W819284483","https://openalex.org/W2370002471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Role-based":[0],"access":[1,27],"control":[2,28],"(RBAC)":[3],"is":[4,52,96],"adopted":[5],"in":[6,98],"the":[7,56,79,91,109,113,117,124,153,158,164,168,174],"information":[8],"and":[9,38,64,128,150,182],"communication":[10],"technology":[11],"domain":[12,127],"for":[13],"authentication":[14],"purposes.":[15],"However,":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,41],"a":[19,47,72,85,99,131],"very":[20],"large":[21],"number":[22],"of":[23,58,82,108,116,142,144,157,167],"entities":[24],"within":[25,123,130],"organizational":[26],"(AC)":[29],"systems,":[30],"static":[31,93],"RBAC":[32,50,94,171,187],"management":[33],"can":[34,39],"be":[35],"inefficient,":[36],"costly,":[37],"lead":[40],"cybersecurity":[42],"threats.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"article,":[46],"novel":[48],"hybrid":[49,169],"model":[51,172],"proposed,":[53],"based":[54],"on":[55],"principles":[57],"offline":[59,74,154],"deep":[60],"reinforcement":[61],"learning":[62,104],"(RL)":[63],"Bayesian":[65,86],"belief":[66],"networks.":[67],"The":[68],"considered":[69],"framework":[70],"utilizes":[71],"fully":[73],"RL":[75,159],"agent,":[76],"which":[77],"models":[78],"behavioral":[80],"history":[81],"users":[83,111],"as":[84],"belief-based":[87],"trust":[88],"indicator.":[89],"Thus,":[90],"initial":[92],"policy":[95],"improved":[97],"dynamic":[100],"manner":[101],"through":[102],"off-policy":[103],"while":[105,163],"guaranteeing":[106],"compliance":[107],"internal":[110],"with":[112],"security":[114],"rules":[115],"system.":[118],"By":[119],"deploying":[120],"our":[121,145],"implementation":[122],"smart":[125],"grid":[126],"specifically":[129],"Distributed":[132],"Energy":[133],"Resources":[134],"(DER)":[135],"ecosystem,":[136],"we":[137],"provide":[138],"an":[139],"end-to-end":[140],"proof":[141],"concept":[143],"model.":[146],"Finally,":[147],"detailed":[148],"analysis":[149],"evaluation":[151],"regarding":[152],"training":[155],"phase":[156],"agent":[160],"are":[161],"provided,":[162],"online":[165],"deployment":[166],"RL-based":[170],"into":[173],"DER":[175],"ecosystem":[176],"highlights":[177],"its":[178],"key":[179],"operation":[180],"features":[181],"salient":[183],"benefits":[184],"over":[185],"traditional":[186],"models.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}