{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3207329991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2021.3112962","title":"Load Asymmetry Angle Estimation Using Multiple-View Videos","display_name":"Load Asymmetry Angle Estimation Using Multiple-View Videos","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3207329991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2021.3112962","mag":"3207329991","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35677387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2021.3112962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2021.3112962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9170187","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328986","display_name":"Xuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-6511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100721274","display_name":"Yu Hen Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-0677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Hen Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061368037","display_name":"Ming\u2010Lun Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-9111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198423848","display_name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0502a2655","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I198423848"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Lun Jack Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Ohio, USA","Taft Laboratories, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Cincinnati, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198423848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taft Laboratories, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198423848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062951506","display_name":"Robert G. Radwin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7973-0641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Radwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA","Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100328986"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.872,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75145409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"6","first_page":"734","last_page":"739"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymmetry","display_name":"Asymmetry","score":0.6768264770507812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6461739540100098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.5920466780662537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5747987627983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.5372860431671143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.5294957756996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4945690333843231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidence-interval","display_name":"Confidence interval","score":0.48911696672439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnitude","display_name":"Magnitude (astronomy)","score":0.4490523934364319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4393540620803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.42755448818206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.41342881321907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38281065225601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3572773337364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.12493634223937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08037874102592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.07940340042114258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38976095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752641","display_name":"Asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.6768264770507812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6461739540100098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5920466780662537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5747987627983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5372860431671143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.5294957756996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4945690333843231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.48911696672439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126691448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2028919","display_name":"Magnitude (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4490523934364319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4393540620803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.42755448818206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41342881321907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38281065225601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3572773337364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.12493634223937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08037874102592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.07940340042114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/thms.2021.3112962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2021.3112962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2476799526","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","issn_l":"2168-2291","issn":["2168-2291","2168-2305"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35677387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35677387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on human-machine systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9170187","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9170187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Hum Mach Syst","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9170187","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9170187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Hum Mach Syst","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6500252203","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5D30118P01249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337382","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337382","display_name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0502a2655"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1137376527","https://openalex.org/W1609740902","https://openalex.org/W1964752064","https://openalex.org/W1997314857","https://openalex.org/W2041757785","https://openalex.org/W2069499147","https://openalex.org/W2080381589","https://openalex.org/W2107431466","https://openalex.org/W2125186487","https://openalex.org/W2131625981","https://openalex.org/W2131918863","https://openalex.org/W2156598602","https://openalex.org/W2159620389","https://openalex.org/W2496938104","https://openalex.org/W2783860278","https://openalex.org/W2893365938","https://openalex.org/W2905147676","https://openalex.org/W2907268465","https://openalex.org/W2945575082","https://openalex.org/W2962730651","https://openalex.org/W2962896489","https://openalex.org/W2991583223","https://openalex.org/W4256017923"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376418092","https://openalex.org/W2072983018","https://openalex.org/W1016952678","https://openalex.org/W2257644995","https://openalex.org/W1513444457","https://openalex.org/W4311345787","https://openalex.org/W2188141918","https://openalex.org/W3185336960","https://openalex.org/W2042652790","https://openalex.org/W2373738427"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,117],"robust":[1,118],"computer":[2,72],"vision-based":[3],"approach":[4],"is":[5,49,79,95,126,153,188],"developed":[6,80],"to":[7,40,51,81,112,132,192],"estimate":[8,52,82],"the":[9,15,26,53,60,83,139,157,162,166,181],"load":[10],"asymmetry":[11,24,94],"angle":[12,22,92,109,119,135,169,185],"defined":[13],"in":[14,37,177],"revised":[16],"NIOSH":[17],"lifting":[18,35,175],"equation":[19],"(RNLE).":[20],"The":[21,91],"of":[23,28,56,59,86,93,101,114,143,161,168,184,201],"enables":[25],"computation":[27],"a":[29,38,71,99,130,178],"recommended":[30],"weight":[31],"limit":[32],"for":[33],"repetitive":[34],"operations":[36],"workplace":[39],"prevent":[41],"lower":[42],"back":[43],"injuries.":[44],"An":[45,150],"open-source":[46],"package":[47],"OpenPose":[48],"applied":[50],"2D":[54,144],"locations":[55],"skeletal":[57,87],"joints":[58,88],"worker":[61],"from":[62,98,190],"two":[63],"synchronous":[64],"videos.":[65],"Combining":[66],"these":[67,102],"joint":[68,145],"location":[69],"estimates,":[70],"vision":[73],"correspondence":[74],"and":[75,165,206],"depth":[76],"estimation":[77,120,163,186],"method":[78,121,131],"3D":[84,103],"coordinates":[85],"during":[89],"lifting.":[90],"then":[96],"deduced":[97],"subset":[100],"positions.":[104],"Error":[105],"analysis":[106],"reveals":[107],"unreliable":[108,134],"estimates":[110,136,146,170],"due":[111],"occlusions":[113],"upper":[115],"limbs.":[116],"that":[122,155],"mitigates":[123],"this":[124,196],"challenge":[125],"developed.":[127],"We":[128],"propose":[129],"flag":[133],"based":[137],"on":[138],"average":[140],"confidence":[141],"level":[142],"provided":[147],"by":[148],"OpenPose.":[149],"optimal":[151],"threshold":[152],"derived":[154],"balances":[156],"percentage":[158,167],"variance":[159,198],"reduction":[160],"error":[164,187,197],"flagged.":[171],"Tested":[172],"with":[173],"360":[174],"instances":[176],"NIOSH-provided":[179],"dataset,":[180],"standard":[182],"deviation":[183],"reduced":[189],"10.13\u00b0":[191],"4.99\u00b0.":[193],"To":[194],"realize":[195],"reduction,":[199],"34%":[200],"estimated":[202],"angles":[203],"are":[204],"flagged":[205],"require":[207],"further":[208],"validation.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
