{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416582894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635770","title":"Improving the NeQuick Model in the Plasmasphere Through Radio Occultation and POD TEC Observations","display_name":"Improving the NeQuick Model in the Plasmasphere Through Radio Occultation and POD TEC Observations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416582894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635770"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078999975","display_name":"Alessio Pignalberi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9459-4919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29078338","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00qps9a02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alessio Pignalberi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy","Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, Roma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010439972","display_name":"B. Nava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-9137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12323705","display_name":"The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)","ror":"https://ror.org/009gyvm78","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12323705","https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I1293226324","https://openalex.org/I2801247003"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Nava","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy","The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, Trieste, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12323705"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, Trieste, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12323705"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027543111","display_name":"Fabricio S. Prol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7206-1705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabricio Prol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), National Land Survey of Finland (NLS), Espoo, Finland","Department of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), National Land Survey of Finland (NLS), Vuorimiehentie 5, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), National Land Survey of Finland (NLS), Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), National Land Survey of Finland (NLS), Vuorimiehentie 5, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031077146","display_name":"Haris Haralambous","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-2214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38552033","display_name":"Frederick University","ror":"https://ror.org/05d8tf882","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38552033"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haris Haralambous","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering and Informatics, School of Applied Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering and Informatics, School of Applied Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38552033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041868527","display_name":"David R. Themens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-8187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3148377317","display_name":"Department of Space","ror":"https://ror.org/000kjq947","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3148377317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David R. Themens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Environment and Radio Engineering Group (SERENE), School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","School of Engineering, Space Environment and Radio Engineering Group (SERENE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Environment and Radio Engineering Group (SERENE), School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3148377317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Space Environment and Radio Engineering Group (SERENE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029648780","display_name":"Artem Smirnov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3689-4336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Artem Smirnov","raw_affiliation_strings":["GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany","GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028068213","display_name":"Michael Pezzopane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5800-2322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29078338","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00qps9a02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Pezzopane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy","Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, Roma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050146923","display_name":"Pierdavide Co\u00efsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4155-2111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148261361","display_name":"Institut de physique du globe de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/004gzqz66","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I148261361","https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierdavide Co\u00efsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, Universit&#x00E9; Paris Cit&#x00E9;, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, Universit&#x00E9; Paris Cit&#x00E9;, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148261361","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":7,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078999975"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90148042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tec","display_name":"TEC","score":0.9395999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmasphere","display_name":"Plasmasphere","score":0.857200026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.7123000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-occultation","display_name":"Radio occultation","score":0.6335999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-electron-content","display_name":"Total electron content","score":0.6068000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-density","display_name":"Electron density","score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametrization","display_name":"Parametrization (atmospheric modeling)","score":0.41269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occultation","display_name":"Occultation","score":0.36559998989105225}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176379880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031939","display_name":"TEC","level":3,"score":0.9395999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118691173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546045","display_name":"Plasmasphere","level":4,"score":0.857200026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.7123000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777034083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1560557","display_name":"Radio occultation","level":3,"score":0.6335999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165391973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844304","display_name":"Total electron content","level":4,"score":0.6068000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5964999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125485243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905186","display_name":"Electron density","level":3,"score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202887219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3895221","display_name":"Parametrization (atmospheric modeling)","level":3,"score":0.41269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3873000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131040042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202746","display_name":"Occultation","level":2,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52083857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1445154","display_name":"Solar maximum","level":5,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777966019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666845","display_name":"International Reference Ionosphere","level":5,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1489048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q548132","display_name":"Scale height","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162725370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52643","display_name":"Daytime","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171428510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2314257","display_name":"Solar minimum","level":5,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778732512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6860044","display_name":"Millstone Hill","level":4,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16269946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3801433","display_name":"Ionogram","level":4,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz.de:item_5037711","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5037711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1545923740","https://openalex.org/W1668164030","https://openalex.org/W1968466902","https://openalex.org/W1974313839","https://openalex.org/W1976840391","https://openalex.org/W1979714610","https://openalex.org/W1980656409","https://openalex.org/W1983622516","https://openalex.org/W1990965846","https://openalex.org/W1998109790","https://openalex.org/W2011756563","https://openalex.org/W2019829078","https://openalex.org/W2032083931","https://openalex.org/W2040105363","https://openalex.org/W2042700274","https://openalex.org/W2048276280","https://openalex.org/W2055140293","https://openalex.org/W2058160370","https://openalex.org/W2059394952","https://openalex.org/W2071388756","https://openalex.org/W2075056964","https://openalex.org/W2075988372","https://openalex.org/W2076987248","https://openalex.org/W2080251203","https://openalex.org/W2083073134","https://openalex.org/W2090288797","https://openalex.org/W2101877435","https://openalex.org/W2132062178","https://openalex.org/W2364790861","https://openalex.org/W2410518211","https://openalex.org/W2483364486","https://openalex.org/W2608800315","https://openalex.org/W2749535892","https://openalex.org/W2783646079","https://openalex.org/W2791290416","https://openalex.org/W2792626439","https://openalex.org/W2794266317","https://openalex.org/W2795230298","https://openalex.org/W2796659346","https://openalex.org/W2920351492","https://openalex.org/W2960051781","https://openalex.org/W2969489304","https://openalex.org/W2985827811","https://openalex.org/W3004506590","https://openalex.org/W3019310424","https://openalex.org/W3083692471","https://openalex.org/W3092659316","https://openalex.org/W3094269722","https://openalex.org/W3111215825","https://openalex.org/W3135000925","https://openalex.org/W3183393906","https://openalex.org/W3193081975","https://openalex.org/W4213019392","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W4214821277","https://openalex.org/W4282597527","https://openalex.org/W4288062148","https://openalex.org/W4297545588","https://openalex.org/W4317884459","https://openalex.org/W4323666469","https://openalex.org/W4366086182","https://openalex.org/W4380083534","https://openalex.org/W4386392214","https://openalex.org/W4389943958","https://openalex.org/W4391257240","https://openalex.org/W4394913989","https://openalex.org/W4399067208","https://openalex.org/W4400409523","https://openalex.org/W4401420339","https://openalex.org/W4403518831"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,172,200,237],"NeQuick":[1,45,71,235,242,269,297],"model":[2,244,270],"utilizes":[3],"three":[4],"empirical":[5,73],"parameters":[6],"(<italic":[7],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[8,10,13,17,120,137,139,142,146,156,175,209],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">H</i><sub":[9,138],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">0</sub>,":[11,140],"<italic":[12,16,119,136,141,145,155,174,208],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">g</i>,":[14,143],"and":[15,29,83,144,151,216,224,259,266,275],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">r</i>)":[18],"to":[19,55,68,185,227,240],"define":[20],"the":[21,26,44,49,52,56,65,70,80,100,118,128,154,170,196,204,213,221,228,234,241,252,256,268,285,288,296],"effective":[22,191],"scale":[23,192],"height":[24,193],"in":[25,43,79,220,233,255,263,272,281],"topside":[27,46,81,222,243,257,298],"ionosphere":[28,82,223,258],"plasmasphere,":[30,260],"which":[31,123],"drives":[32],"vertical":[33],"electron":[34,58,76,88,130,253],"density":[35,77,89,254],"variations.":[36],"However,":[37],"previous":[38],"studies":[39],"have":[40],"identified":[41],"weaknesses":[42],"model,":[47],"particularly":[48],"underestimation":[50],"of":[51,75,169,207,291,295],"plasmaspheric":[53,129],"contribution":[54],"total":[57],"content":[59],"(TEC).":[60],"To":[61],"address":[62],"these":[63],"shortcomings,":[64],"study":[66,283],"aims":[67],"improve":[69],"model\u2019s":[72],"representation":[74,168],"distribution":[78],"plasmasphere.":[84,171],"Radio":[85],"occultation":[86],"(RO)":[87],"profiles":[90],"from":[91,99,104,148,179,183,195],"COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3":[92],"satellites":[93],"are":[94,284],"integrated":[95],"with":[96,190],"TEC":[97,162,264],"measurements":[98],"same":[101],"mission":[102],"derived":[103,178,280],"precise":[105],"orbit":[106],"determination":[107],"(POD)":[108],"antennas.":[109],"A":[110],"novel":[111],"two-step":[112],"optimization":[113],"procedure":[114],"is":[115,124],"developed":[116],"for":[117,126,250,287],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">r</i>":[121,147,157,176,210],"parameter,":[122,177],"critical":[125],"describing":[127],"density.":[131],"This":[132],"process":[133],"initially":[134],"derives":[135],"RO":[149],"observations":[150,194],"subsequently":[152],"refines":[153],"parameter":[158],"by":[159],"incorporating":[160],"POD-derived":[161],"data,":[163],"yielding":[164],"a":[165,180,246,292],"more":[166,247],"robust":[167],"optimized":[173],"dataset":[181],"spanning":[182],"2006":[184],"2018,":[186],"demonstrates":[187],"improved":[188,205],"consistency":[189],"Van":[197],"Allen":[198],"Probes.":[199],"results":[201],"reveal":[202],"that":[203],"parametrization":[206],"better":[211],"captures":[212],"spatial,":[214],"temporal,":[215],"solar":[217],"activity-dependent":[218],"variations":[219],"plasmasphere":[225],"compared":[226],"fixed":[229],"value":[230],"traditionally":[231],"used":[232],"model.":[236,299],"proposed":[238],"updates":[239],"provide":[245],"accurate":[248],"framework":[249],"modeling":[251],"reducing":[261],"errors":[262],"estimates":[265],"advancing":[267],"use":[271],"space":[273],"weather":[274],"trans-ionospheric":[276],"propagation":[277],"applications.":[278],"Results":[279],"this":[282],"basis":[286],"future":[289],"development":[290],"revised":[293],"version":[294]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}