{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416429331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635414","title":"GS2Poly: Textured Polygonal Building Reconstruction Guided by Gaussian Opacity Fields","display_name":"GS2Poly: Textured Polygonal Building Reconstruction Guided by Gaussian Opacity Fields","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416429331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635414"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395652","display_name":"Xinyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5333-8054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Weiwei Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0923-4598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108625236","display_name":"Yongjun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9845-4251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongjun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029286316","display_name":"Zexu Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zexu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101985050","display_name":"Yi Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6777-6047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000429652","display_name":"D. L. Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4477-1150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongdong Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038495291","display_name":"Jiachen Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-5300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiachen Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100395652"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35915131,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.460099995136261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.460099995136261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.16189999878406525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.13600000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-mapping","display_name":"Texture mapping","score":0.5859000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-synthesis","display_name":"Texture synthesis","score":0.5134000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.5097000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field","display_name":"Markov random field","score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement-mapping","display_name":"Displacement mapping","score":0.448199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-atlas","display_name":"Texture atlas","score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opacity","display_name":"Opacity","score":0.42320001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.4129999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6517999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200585589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752176","display_name":"Texture mapping","level":2,"score":0.5859000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5483999848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50494287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658467","display_name":"Texture synthesis","level":5,"score":0.5134000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.5097000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778045648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827","display_name":"Markov random field","level":4,"score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123149101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229184","display_name":"Displacement mapping","level":3,"score":0.448199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207183524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7708528","display_name":"Texture atlas","level":5,"score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.42320001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54243161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39333","display_name":"Texture compression","level":5,"score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.3714999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36230000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20885615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825595","display_name":"Surface reconstruction","level":3,"score":0.3513999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144743038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3267765","display_name":"Texture filtering","level":5,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781395549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680762","display_name":"Adaptive sampling","level":3,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109950114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4464732","display_name":"3D reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.32739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130402806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5361768","display_name":"Random field","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194401833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3456889","display_name":"Triangle mesh","level":3,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181095308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1541599","display_name":"Geometric primitive","level":2,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63099799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147001","display_name":"Image texture","level":4,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10390562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581809","display_name":"Spline (mechanical)","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24881265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757267","display_name":"Voronoi diagram","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78289832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249473","display_name":"Projective texture mapping","level":5,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2025.3635414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111326731","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"0196-2892","issn":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1147084453","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42201474","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4156951094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MS01240125","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6340668010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42192581","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W143844427","https://openalex.org/W309515887","https://openalex.org/W1967535109","https://openalex.org/W1996086983","https://openalex.org/W2000018820","https://openalex.org/W2009422376","https://openalex.org/W2015357652","https://openalex.org/W2031973565","https://openalex.org/W2080995373","https://openalex.org/W2085452700","https://openalex.org/W2102271310","https://openalex.org/W2119300483","https://openalex.org/W2152864241","https://openalex.org/W2158383755","https://openalex.org/W2229412420","https://openalex.org/W2235901111","https://openalex.org/W2466899106","https://openalex.org/W2471962767","https://openalex.org/W2738551266","https://openalex.org/W2738691283","https://openalex.org/W2740563802","https://openalex.org/W2776645264","https://openalex.org/W2981657250","https://openalex.org/W3033193681","https://openalex.org/W3034700465","https://openalex.org/W3034836960","https://openalex.org/W3035257660","https://openalex.org/W3109585842","https://openalex.org/W3180076784","https://openalex.org/W4285054899","https://openalex.org/W4296123585","https://openalex.org/W4306394309","https://openalex.org/W4313203557","https://openalex.org/W4313499069","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4386942235","https://openalex.org/W4393248012","https://openalex.org/W4394841776","https://openalex.org/W4401010022","https://openalex.org/W4402704609","https://openalex.org/W4403049339","https://openalex.org/W4403289247","https://openalex.org/W4403778873","https://openalex.org/W4403780586","https://openalex.org/W4404132771","https://openalex.org/W4404524486","https://openalex.org/W4404525393","https://openalex.org/W4404526364","https://openalex.org/W4404531444","https://openalex.org/W4404612485","https://openalex.org/W4404691764","https://openalex.org/W4407456984","https://openalex.org/W4408988186","https://openalex.org/W4409248743","https://openalex.org/W4409262257","https://openalex.org/W4409264028"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compact":[0],"low-poly":[1],"building":[2,67,145],"models":[3],"with":[4],"concise":[5],"structures":[6],"and":[7,27,33,88,177],"texture":[8,134,165,171],"fidelity":[9,153],"are":[10],"essential":[11],"infrastructure":[12],"for":[13,38,53],"digital":[14],"twin":[15],"cities.":[16],"Traditional":[17],"point":[18,86],"cloud-based":[19],"reconstruction":[20,51,94],"methods":[21],"often":[22],"rely":[23],"on":[24,56],"surface":[25,85],"normals,":[26],"the":[28,57,66,115,127,163],"presence":[29],"of":[30,65,108],"missing":[31],"data":[32],"noise":[34],"poses":[35],"significant":[36],"challenges":[37],"accurate":[39],"reconstruction.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"we":[44],"propose":[45],"GS2Poly,":[46],"a":[47,106,119],"textured":[48],"polygonal":[49,128],"mesh":[50,129,159],"method":[52,79],"buildings":[54],"based":[55],"3D":[58],"Gaussian":[59,77,116],"Splatting":[60],"(3DGS)":[61],"framework.":[62],"Firstly,":[63],"3DGS":[64,93],"scene":[68],"is":[69,80,123],"reconstructed":[70],"under":[71],"planar":[72,90],"structure":[73],"constraints.":[74],"A":[75],"density-weighted":[76],"sampling":[78],"utilized":[81],"to":[82,104,125],"sample":[83],"high-quality":[84],"clouds":[87],"extract":[89,126],"primitives":[91],"from":[92],"results.":[95],"Next,":[96],"GS2Poly":[97,149],"applies":[98],"an":[99,137],"adaptive":[100],"spatial":[101,155],"partitioning":[102],"strategy":[103,167],"generate":[105],"set":[107],"candidate":[109],"convex":[110],"polyhedra.":[111],"Finally,":[112],"guided":[113],"by":[114,132],"opacity":[117],"field,":[118],"Markov":[120],"random":[121],"field":[122],"constructed":[124],"surface,":[130],"followed":[131],"high-fidelity":[133],"mapping":[135,166],"using":[136],"optimal":[138],"rendering":[139],"strategy.":[140],"Experimental":[141],"results":[142],"across":[143],"diverse":[144],"scenarios":[146],"demonstrate":[147],"that":[148],"exhibits":[150],"higher":[151],"geometric":[152],"than":[154],"partitioning-based":[156],"or":[157],"3DGS-based":[158],"simplification":[160],"methods.":[161],"Additionally,":[162],"proposed":[164],"effectively":[168],"avoids":[169],"typical":[170],"artifacts":[172],"such":[173],"as":[174],"occlusion,":[175],"seams":[176],"distortions.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-20T00:00:00"}
